IEC 60996-1989 Method for verifying accuracy of tan delta measurements applicable to capacitors《可用于电容器的介质损耗角正切δ测量的核校准确度的方法》.pdf

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1、RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNICAL REPORT CE1 IEC 60996 Premire dition First edition 1989-1 O Mthode de vrification de la prcision des mesures de la tangente de l?angle de pertes a p pl i ca b I e aux condensate u rs Method for verifying accuracy of tan delta measurements applicable to capacitors Numro de

2、rfrence Reference number CEIIIEC 60996: 1989 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Numros des publications Depuis le ler janvier 1997, les publications de la CE1 son

3、t numrotes partir de 60000. Publications consolides Les versions consolides de certaines publications de la CE1 incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numros ddition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant lamendemen

4、t 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. Validit de la prsente publication Le contenu technique des publications de la CE1 est constamment revu par la CE1 afin quil reflte ltat actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs la date de reconfir- mation de la publication

5、 sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de la CEI. Les renseignements relatifs des questions ltude et des travaux en cours entrepris par le comit technique qui a tabli cette publication, ainsi que la liste des publications tablies, se trouvent dans les documents ci- dessous: Site web de la CEP Catalogue

6、 des publications de la CE1 Publi annuellement et mis jour rgulirement (Catalogue en ligne) Bulletin de la CE1 Disponible la fois au nLivHapoLiHaR KTPOTXHHWCHR HOMHCCHR O Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networ

7、king permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2- 996 O CE1 COMMISSION ELECTROTECHN IQUE INTERNATIONALE LA 1) 2) 3) METHODE DE VERIFICATION DE LA PRECISION DES MESURES DE TANGENTE DE LANGLE DE PERTES APPLICABLE AUX CONDENSATEURS PREAMBUL E Les dcisions ou accords officiels de la CE1 en ce qui concerne

8、les questions techniques? prpars par des Comits d Etudes O sont repr- sents tous les Comits nationaux sintressant ces questions, expriment dans la plus grande mesure possible un accord international sur les sujets examins. Ces dcisions constituent des recommandations internationales et sont agres co

9、mme telles par les Comits nationaux. Dans le but dencourager lunification internationale, la CE1 exprime le voeu que tous les Comits nationaux adoptent dans leurs rgles nationales le texte de la recommandation de la CEI, dans la mesure o les conditions nationales le permettent. Toute divergence entr

10、e la recommandation de la CE1 et la rgle nationale correspondante doit, dans la mesure du possible, tre indique en termes clairs dans cette dernire. PREFACE Le prsent rapport a t tabli par le Comit dEtudes no 33 de la CEI: Condensateurs de puissance. Le texte de ce rapport est issu des documents sui

11、vants: e-des Six Mois I Rapport de vote I I 33CBC188 I 33 ( BCI89 I Le rapport de vote indiqu dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute infor- mation sur le vote ayant abouti lapprobation de ce rapport. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for Res

12、aleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-996 O IEC -3- INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHN ICAL COMMISSION METHOD FOR VERIFYING ACCURACY OF TAN DELTA MEASUREMENTS APPLICABLE TO CAPACITORS FOREWORD 1) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared b

13、y Technical Committees on which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dea 1 t Wi th. 2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by

14、the National Committees in that sense. 3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national condi- tions will permit. Any divergence between the IEC rec

15、ommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter. PREFACE This report has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 33: Power capacitors. The text of this report is based upon the following documents: I Six Months Rule I Report on Vot

16、ing 1 Full information on the voting for the approval of this report can be found in the Voting Report indicated in the above table. .* Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from

17、 IHS-,-,-4- 996 0 CE1 METHODE DE VERIFICATION DE LA PRECISION DES MESURES DE LA TANGENTE DE LANGLE DE PERTES APPLICABLE AUX CONDENSATEURS I NTROD UCT ION Les ponts de mesure en usage chez les fabricants de condensateurs pour le mesurage des pertes (tangente delta) prsentent des inexactitudes qui son

18、t devenues une fraction notable de la lecture finale, la suite du changement du dilectrique papier-film film seulement. Linexactitude est au moins gale 1% et peut dpasser 50% de la valeur vraie. Un essai comparatif de stabilit thermique faisant appel un condensateur factice, de pertes connues, est p

19、ropos comme mthode de vrification des pertes et de la prcision du mesurage de la tangente delta pour un condensateur donn. 1 Domaine dapplication La prsente mthode de vrification de la prcision de la tangente delta est applicable aux condensateurs shunt et srie, de frquence assigne entre 15 Hz et 60

20、 Hz; elle pourra tre conduite au cours des essais de stabilit thermique requis, au titre des essais de type, par la norme applicable de la CEI. 2 Condensateur dessai En rgle gnrale, tout condensateur dont la puissance et la tension assignes sont situes dans la gamme o la prcision de mesure de la tan

21、gente de langle de pertes doit tre value peut tre utilis comme condensateur dessai. II est prfrable dutiliser un condensateur sans fusibles internes ni rsistances de dcharge afin de simplifier la construc- tion du condensateur factice. 3 Condensateur factice Un condensateur factice se construit en u

22、tilisant des lments spciaux de mmes dimensions que pour le condensateur normal. Les armatures de ces lments spciaux sont court-circuites entre elles leurs extrmits, formant ainsi un lment rsistif au lieu dun lment capacitif. Ces lments rsistifs sont alors connects en srie. Si le condensateur dessai

23、comporte des rsistances de dcharge et/ou des fusibles internes, des composants rsistifs spars doivent tre ins- talls dans le condensateur factice pour reprsenter les chauffements localiss. II y a lieu que tous les lments de lisolation et la cuve soient identiques ceux du condensateur dessai. II conv

24、ient que les cuves des condensateurs soient peintes pour viter des diffrences de pouvoir missif provoques par des zones mates ou brillantes que lon peut rencontrer sur des cuves non peintes. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo re

25、production or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-996 0 IEC -5- METHOD FOR VERIFYING ACCURACY OF TAN DELTA MEASUREMENTS APPLICABLE TO CAPACITORS INTRODUCTION Bridges in use by capacitor manufacturers for measurement of losses (tan delta) have inaccuracies that have become a significant

26、 percentage of the reading as a result of the change in dielectric from paper/film to all-film. The inaccuracy is at least equal to 1% and possibly more than 5% of the actual value. As a method to verify the losses and accuracy of a tan delta measurement for a given capacitor, a comparative thermal

27、stabi- lity test using a dummy capacitor with a known loss is proposed. 1 Scope This method of tan delta verification is applicable to shunt and series capacitors rated 15 Hz to 60 Hz and may be run during the thermal stabi- lity type tests required by the applicable IEC standard. 2 Test capacitor I

28、n general any capacitor with power and voltage ratings in the range for which the accuracy of a tan delta measurement is to be evaluated can be used as a test capacitor. It is preferable to use a capacitor without dis- charge resistors and internal fuses, as the construction of the dummy capacitor c

29、an be simplified. 3 Dummy capacitor A dummy capacitor is constructed using special elements of the same size as the elements in the standard capacitor. The foils of these special ele- ments are shorted together and are connected at the ends to form resistive rather than capacitive elements. These re

30、sistive elements are then connect- ed in series. If the test capacitor contains discharge resistors and/or internal fuses, separate resistive components should be used in the dummy capacitor to represent localized heating. All pieces of insulation and the container should be the same as for the test

31、 capacitor. The capacitor containers should be painted to avoid possible differences in emissive power of unpainted containers due to dull or shiny areas. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted w

32、ithout license from IHS-,-,-6- 996 O CE1 4 Mesures II est recommand de placer des thermocouples sur chaque face des cuves des condensateurs factices et dessai utiliss pour la comparaison des pertes actives. Au moins trois thermocouples seront rpartis uniformment sur chacun des grands cts, avec un to

33、tal dau moins dix comme lindique la figure 1. Un essai de stabilit thermique seffectue dans une ambiance circulation naturelle. II convient de veiller ce que les surfaces influences par le rayonnement du condensateur dessai soient la mme temprature que celles qui sont influences par le rayonnement d

34、u condensateur factice. La prcision de la mthode de comparaison des pertes actives sera am- liore par laccroissement de lchauffement; ainsi lessai de stabilit thermique sera pratiqu un minimum de 144% de la puissance assigne, le courant traversant le condensateur factice sera augment jusqu ce que la

35、 temprature moyenne de la cuve du condensateur factice gale celle du condensateur dessai. Si le profil de temprature de la cuve du condensa- teur factice . diffre de celui du condensateur dessai, les diffrents courants traversant les composants rsistifs (lments, rsistances de dcharge, fusibles inter

36、nes) du condensateur factice seront ajusts pour obtenir lamsimilitude des profils de temprature. Des courants alternatifs ou continus peuvent tre utiliss indiffremment pour alimenter le condensa- teur factice. 5 Vrification de la prcision des mesures II convient de mesurer la tangente de langle de p

37、ertes du condensateur dessai la fin de lessai de stabilit thermique, alors que le condensateur est encore sous tension, ou immdiatement aprs. La mesure se fait la tension et la frquence de lessai de stabilit thermique, avant que la temprature du dilectrique chute de faon significative. La puissance

38、active dissipe par le condensateur dessai peut alors tre calcule partir de la mesure de la tangente de langle de pertes et tre compare la puissance active dissipe par le condensateur factice. La prcision de cette mthode de vrification des mesures de la tangente de langle de pertes dpend de la simili

39、tude des profils de temprature et de la prcision des instruments utiliss pour le contrle de lessai de stabilit thermique. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-996 0

40、 IEC -7- 4 Measurements Thermocouples should be placed on each of the container surfaces of the dummy capacitcr and the test capacitor to be used for the wattage loss comparison. At least three thermocouples should be evenly distributed on the large sides, with a total of at least ten as shown in fi

41、gure 1. A thermal stability run should be made in a natural circulation ambient. Care should be taken to ensure that the temperatures of the surfaces to which the test capacitor radiates equal those to which the dummy capacitor radiates. The accuracy of the wattage loss comparison will be improved b

42、y incre- asing the temperature rise, thus the thermal stability run should be made at a minimum of 144% rated output. The current through the dummy capa- citor should be increased until the average container temperature of the dummy capacitor equals that of the test capacitor. If the container tempe

43、- rature profile of the dummy capacitor differs from that of the test capacitor, the currents through the separate resistive components (ele- ments, discharge resistors and internal fuses) of the dummy capacitor should be adjusted until the profiles are similar. Either a.c. or d.c. may be used to en

44、ergize the dummy capacitor. 5 Verification of measurement accuracy The tan delta of the test unit should be measured at the end of the thermal stability run while the capacitor is still energized or immediately after at the same voltage and frequency and before the dielectric tempe- rature drops sig

45、nificantly. The watts dissipated by the test capacitor can then be calculated from the tan delta measurement and be compared to the watts dissipated by the dummy capacitor. The accuracy of this method of verifying the tan delta measurement will depend on the similarity of the temperature profiles an

46、d the accuracy of the instruments used to monitor the thermal stability run. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-8- 996 0 CE1 Emplacement des thermocouples Locatio

47、n of thermocouples Figure 1 - Emplacement des thermocouples Location of thermocouples 437/89 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Electrotec

48、hnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ICs 17.220.99 ; 29.120.99 Typeset and printed by the IEC Central Office GENEVA, SWITZERLAND Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IECNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licens

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