1、 IEC TR 63100 Edition 1.0 2017-07 TECHNICAL REPORT Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication Radio-over-fibre technologies for spectrum measurement 100-GHz spectrum measurement equipment IEC TR 63100:2017-07(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2017 IEC, Geneva, Sw
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11、technologies for spectrum measurement 100-GHz spectrum measurement equipment INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.060.20; 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4554-5 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an a
12、uthorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 6 4 Background to measurement over 100 GHz . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 IEEE 802.11ad
13、 wireless devices . 7 4.3 Automotive radar 7 4.4 Airport ground radar 7 4.5 Mobile backhaul 8 4.6 Uncompressed HD signal transmission . 8 5 Spectrum measurement over 100 GHz 8 5.1 Overview. 8 5.2 100-GHz spectrum analyser system configuration . 9 5.3 Key technologies 9 5.3.1 General . 9 5.3.2 mm-wav
14、e tunable filter . 10 5.3.3 RoF-technologies-based local signal generator (RoF Sig Gen) 11 5.4 Performance of 100-GHz spectrum analyser . 12 5.4.1 General . 12 5.4.2 Level calibration 12 5.4.3 Spectrum measurement . 13 5.4.4 Image response . 14 5.4.5 Displayed average noise level . 15 5.4.6 Third or
15、der intercept point . 16 5.4.7 Residual response . 17 6 Measurement examples . 18 6.1 120-GHz mm-wave link . 18 6.2 FM CW radar signal observation . 20 6.3 Summary of measurement examples . 21 Bibliography 22 Figure 1 External appearance of a 100-GHz spectrum analyser 8 Figure 2 100-GHz spectrum ana
16、lyser block diagram 9 Figure 3 Fabry-Perot tunable filter . 10 Figure 4 Pre-selector frequency characteristics 10 Figure 5 S21 transmission characteristics 11 Figure 6 RoF Sig Gen block diagram 11 Figure 7 Comparison of harmonic component levels 12 Figure 8 Level calibration system . 12 Figure 9 Sta
17、ndard deviation of calibration 13 Figure 10 Calibration result 13 Figure 11 Spectrum measurement . 14 IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 3 Figure 12 Image response . 14 Figure 13 Image response comparison. 15 Figure 14 Displayed average noise level 16 Figure 15 Third order intercept point 16 Figure 16 TOI m
18、easurement result . 17 Figure 17 Residual spurious response . 18 Figure 18 Measurement system block diagram . 18 Figure 19 120-GHz mm-wave link measurement results . 19 Figure 20 Experimental system block diagram . 20 Figure 21 Observed 5-GHz BW 5-s chirp signal at 10-GHz span . 20 Table 1 Design sp
19、ecifications. 9 Table 2 Measured image response 15 Table 3 SPA setting at residual response measurement 17 Table 4 120-GHz mm-wave link specifications . 18 Table 5 SPA setting at 120-GHz mm-wave link measurement . 19 Table 6 SPA settings FM CW radar 20 4 IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 INTERNATIONAL ELEC
20、TROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT FOR RADIOCOMMUNICATION RADIO-OVER-FIBRE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT 100-GHZ SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all nationa
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32、ional Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC TR 63100, which is a Technical Report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 103: Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication: IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 5 The text of this Technical Report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draf
33、t Report on voting 103/157/DTR 103/163/RVDTR Full information on the voting for the approval of this Technical Report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that th
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36、inter. 6 IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT FOR RADIOCOMMUNICATION RADIO-OVER-FIBRE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT 100-GHZ SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT 1 Scope This document describes 100-GHz spectrum measurement methods using RoF technologies. It covers the background to mea
37、surement over 100 GHz, the configuration of a spectrum analyser, the key technologies, such as mm-wave tunable filter, and RoF-technologies-based local oscillator, and provides some measured examples. 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Terms, definitions and
38、 abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions No terms and definitions are listed in this document. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available a
39、t http:/www.iso.org/obp 3.2 Abbreviated terms mm-wave millimeter-wave ADAS advanced driving assistant systems FOD foreign object and debris ODU outdoor unit IDU indoor unit HDTV high-definition television MPEG moving pictures experts group DUT device under test UTC-PD uni-travelling-carrier photodio
40、de SD standard deviation LSB lower sideband USB upper sideband DANL displayed average noise level TOI third order intercept ACLR adjacent channel leakage power ratio SNR signal-to-noise ratio IR infra-red SPA spectrum analyser IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 7 LIDAR light detection and ranging RBW resolu
41、tion bandwidth OBW occupied bandwidth VBW video bandwidth FM CW frequency modulated continuous wave ATT attenuator ASK amplitude shift keying BPSK binary phase shift keying QPSK quadrature phase shift keying LO local oscillator RF radio frequency IF intermediate frequency RoF Sig Gen radio over fibr
42、e technologies-based local signal generation 4 Background to measurement over 100 GHz 4.1 General The following applications depend heavily on the development of mm-wave technology: IEEE 802.11ad wireless devices; automotive radar; airport ground radar; mobile backhaul; uncompressed HD signal transm
43、ission. 4.2 IEEE 802.11ad wireless devices IEEE 802.11ad wireless devices uses the 60-GHz band to implement multi-gigabit speeds, low latency, and secure connections between devices. Popular applications are replacement of display cables, and wireless connection between laptops. IEEE 802.11ad wirele
44、ss devices should be checked for bandwidth, 60-GHz in-band emissions, and out-of-band emissions up to 130 GHz. However, there is currently no commercial spectrum analyser with a pre-selector to remove unwanted internal frequency responses at bands over 100 GHz. 4.3 Automotive radar Advanced driving
45、assistant systems (ADAS) are being developed as a key technology for autonomous vehicles. ADAS uses various sensors, including radar, LIDAR and cameras. An ADAS radar detects small objects at high distance, velocity, and angle resolution using wideband FM CW modulation as the key technology. The wor
46、ld radio communication conference of November 2015 (WRC-15), agreed on the use of the contiguous 4-GHz band from 77 GHz to 81 GHz, and that demand for high-resolution mm-wave radar in the 79-GHz band will increase as ADAS becomes more widespread. 4.4 Airport ground radar Following the Air France Con
47、corde disaster in 2000, which was caused by engine ingress of runway debris, airport operators have been focusing on foreign object and debris (FOD) detection systems. Several technologies, such as cameras, IR, LIDAR, and other sensors are being tested. One candidate is the mm-wave radar because it
48、can detect small metallic objects using converted automotive radar in the 77-GHz and 90-GHz bands. Both bands require a wider bandwidth for finer resolution and the 92-GHz to 100-GHz band could be used for industrial radio location. 8 IEC TR 63100:2017 IEC 2017 4.5 Mobile backhaul Mobile phones and
49、terminals communicate by connecting to base stations that transfer data to the core network. Data from multiple base stations distributed throughout the communications area is transferred by a network of systems that collect and transfer data using various exchanges and wired and wireless technologiesthis is called the “mobile backhaul“. Wired technologies use optical fibres featuring larger traffic capacity than wireless and st
