1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 6Metering AssembliesSection 2Loading Rack Metering SystemsTHIRD EDITION, FEBRUARY 2004REAFFIRMED, JULY 2016Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 6Metering AssembliesSection 2Loading Rack Metering SystemsMeasurement CoordinationTHIRD EDITI
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16、American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.iiiCONTENTSPage1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 SCOPE OF APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 PERTINENT PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Referenced Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 LOADING RACK METERING SYSTEMS . . . . .
18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 Loading Rack Metering System Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 Top Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 Bottom Loa
19、ding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 Load Rack Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 Loading Rack Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . 45.1 Displacement Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 Turbine Meters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 Coriolis Meters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 Electrical Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 Flow Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . 55.6 Pressure Drops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 Sizing of Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 Back Pressure Control . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 BLENDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.1 Sequential Blending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.2 Ratio Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.3 Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 ADDITIVES . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.1 Location of Injection Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.2 Additive Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.3 Calibration of Additive Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.4 Multiple Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.5 Additive Accounti
28、ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128METER PROVING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.2 Proving Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.3 Proving of Blending Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.4 Density of Product . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 ELECTRONIC PRESET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.1 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.2 Fall Back Flow Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.3 Meter Factor Linearization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.4 Security . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14vPage10 TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510.1 Electronic Temperature Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510.2 Location of Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510.3 Temperature Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510.4 Calibration/Verification of
34、 Temperature Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1611 PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1611.1 Location of Pressure Measuring Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . 1611.2 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1611.3 Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1611.4 Use of Calculations . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1612 GROUNDING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1713 OVERFILL PROTECTION SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
37、714 SEALING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1715 TERMINAL AUTOMATION SYSTEM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1715.1 Card Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1715.2 Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1715.3 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . 1715.4 Bill of Lading Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1716 LPG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1816.1 Back Pressure. . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1816.2 Odorization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Figures1 Installation DiagramMetered Tank Truck Loading Rack (Top Loading) . . .
41、. . . 22 Installation DiagramMetered Tank Truck Loading Rack (Bottom Loading) . . . 33Typical Displacement Meter Loading Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Typical Turbine Meter Loading Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Typical Coriolis Mete
42、r Loading Rack Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Typical Splash Sequential Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Typical Automated Sequential Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Typic
43、al Wild Stream Blender, Off Rack/On Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Ratio BlendingOff Rack Header Blending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910 Typical Automatic Multi-product On Rack Ratio Blending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10VI1Chapter
44、6Metering AssembliesSection 2Loading Rack Metering Systems1 IntroductionThis standard serves as a guide in the selection, installationand operation of loading rack metering systems for petroleumproducts, including liquefied petroleum gas. This standarddoes not endorse or advocate the preferential us
45、e of any spe-cific type of metering system or meter.In general, metering system installations must meet certainfundamental requirements, including those that ensure propermeter type, size, installation and adequate protective and read-out devices (such as presets, registers counters, strainers,relie
46、f valves, pressure and flow control valves, and air elimi-nators, where required). Descriptions of these and other sys-tem components are covered elsewhere in this standard orother API standards. Also, to ensure compliance with statelaws and regulations the latest editions of NIST Handbook 44,Handbo
47、ok 12, as well as specific local weights and measuresrequirements, should be considered.2 Scope of ApplicationThis standard offers guidance on the design, selection, andoperation of loading rack metering systems and associatedequipment where liquid hydrocarbons are loaded into vehicletanks. 3Pertine
48、nt Publications3.1 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONSThe most recent editions of the following standards, recom-mended practices, and handbooks are cited in this standard.APIManual of Petroleum Measurement Standards(MPMS)Chapter 4.2, “Pipe Provers”Chapter 4.4, “Tank Provers”Chapter 4.5, “Master Meters”Chapter
49、4.6, “Pulse Interpolation”Chapter 4.7, “Field-Standard Test Measures”Chapter 5.1, “General Considerations for Measure-ment by Meters”Chapter 5.2, “Measurement of Liquid Hydrocar-bons by Displacement Meter”Chapter 5.3, “Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbonsby Turbine Meters”Chapter 5.6, “Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbonsby Coriolis Force-Flow Meters”Chapter 6.6, “Pipeline Metering Systems”Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”Chapter 9, “Density Determination”Chapter 11.1, “Physical Properties Data”Chapter 11.2.1, “Compressibility Factors for Hydro-carbons: 0 90 API Gravity Range”Ch
