1、网络工程师-计算机专业英语(四)及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：50.00)Originally introduced by Netscape Communications, (56) are a general mechanism which HTTP Server side applications, such as CGI (57) , can use to both store and retrieve information on the HTTP (58) side of the connection. Basically,
2、Cookies can be used to compensate for the (59) nature of HTTP. The addition of a simple, persistent, client-side state significantly extends the capabilities of WWW-based (60) .（分数：5.00）(1).A. Browsers B. Cookies C. Connections D. Scripts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. graphics B. processes C. scripts D. te
3、xts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Client B. Editor C. Creator D. Server（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. fixed B. flexible C. stable D. stateless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. programs B. applications C. frameworks D. constrains（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer, net
4、works can be connected by. (31) or hubs, which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept (32) , examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor pro
5、tocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have (33) network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport
6、connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message (34) . As an example, gateways between Internet E-mail and X. 400 e-mail must (35) the e-mail message and change various header fields.（分数：5.00）(1).A. reapers B. relays C. connectors D. modems（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).
7、A. frames B. packets C. packages D. cells（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. special B. dependent C. similar D. dissimilar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. syntax B. semantics C. language D. format（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. analyze B. parse C. delete D. create（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.MIDI enables people to use (51) computers and el
8、ectronic musical instruments. There are actually three components to MIDI, the communications “ (52) “, the Hardware Interface and a distribution (53) called “Standard MIDI Files“. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (54) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequence
9、s of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI Protocol (55) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.（分数：5.00）(1).A. personal B. electronic C. multimedia D. network（分数：1.00）A.B
10、C.D.(2).A. device B. protocol C. network D. controller（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. format B. text C. wave D. center（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Video B. Faxmail C. Graphic D. Audio（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. messages B. packets C. frame D. information（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.The purpose of the requirements definition ph
11、ase is to produce a clear, complete, consistent, and testable (36) of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and de
12、tailed specification of each function that the software must perform and each (37) that it must meet. The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the (38) that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for t
13、he system and then defines (39) showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review (SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives (40) requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operation
14、s concept. Using structured or object-oriented analysis the team specifies the software functions and algorithms needed to satisfy each detailed requirement.（分数：5.00）(1).A. function B. definition C. model D. statement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. criterion B. standard C. scenarios D. system（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
15、D.(3).A. producer B. customer C. specification D. analyser（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. rules B. principles C. programmer D. scenes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. detailed B. outlined C. total D. complete（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.WLANs are increasingly popular because they enable cost-effective connections among people an
16、d applications that were not possible in the past. For example, WLAN-based applications can enable fine-grained management of supply (11) to improve their efficiency and reduce (12) . WLANs can also enable entirely new business processes. To cite but one example, hospitals are using WLAN-enabled poi
17、nt-of-care (13) to reduce errors and improve overall patient care. WLAN management solutions provide a variety of other benefits that can be substantial but difficult to measure. For example, they can protect corporate data by preventing (14) through rogue access points.They can improve overall netw
18、ork management by integrating with customers existing systems. Fortunately, it isnt necessary to measure these benefits to justify investing in WLAN management solutions, which can quickly pay for themselves simply by minimizing time- (15) deployment and administrative chores.（分数：5.00）(1).A. custom
19、B. server C. chains D. chances（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. overhead B. connection C. supply D. effect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. transportations B. applicationsC. connections D. translations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. integration B. interestC. instruction D. intrusion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. capable B. consuming
20、C. effective D. connected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.The metric assigned to each network depends on the type of protocol. Some simple protocol, like RIP, treats each network as equals. The (91) of passing through each network is the same; it is one (92) count. So if a packet passes through 10 network to reach
21、the destination, the total cost is 10 hop counts. Other protocols, such as OSPF, allow the administrator to assign a cost for passing through a network based on the type of service required. A (93) through a network can have different costs (metrics). For example, if maximum (94) is the desired type
22、 of service, a satellite link has a lower metric than a fiber-optic line. On the other hand, if minimum (95) is the desired type of service, a fiber-optic line has a lower metric than a satellite line. OSPF allow each router to have several routing table based on the required type of service.（分数：5.0
23、0）(1).A. number B. connection C. diagram D. cost（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. process B. hop C. route D. flow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. flow B. window C. route D. cost（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. packet B. throughput C. error D. number（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. delay B. stream C. packet D. cost（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Virtu
24、alization is an approach to IT that pools and shares (71) so that utilization is optimized and supplies automatically meet demand. Traditional IT environments are often silos, where both technology and human (72) are aligned around an application or business function. With a virtualized (73) , peopl
25、e, processes, and technology are focused on meeting service levels, (74) is allocated dynamically, resources are optimized, and the entire infrastructure is simplified and flexible. We offer a broad spectrum of virtualization (75) that allows customers to choose the most appropriate path and optimiz
26、ation focus for their IT infrastructure resources.（分数：5.00）(1).A. advantages B. resources C. benefits D. precedents（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. profits B. costs C. resources D. powers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. system B. infrastructure C. hardware D. link（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. content B. position C. power D
27、 capacity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. solutions B. networks C. interfaces D. connections（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the (16) with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back s
28、pecial (17) frame bearing positive or negative (18) about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the frame has arrived safely.On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that something has gone wrong, and the frame must be transmitted a
29、gain. An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a frame to (19) completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame and then waits for
30、an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame is ever lost due to, for example, (20) hardware.（分数：5.00）(1).A. receiver B. controller C. sender D. customer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. data B. control C. request D. session（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. application B. connectionC. stream D
31、 acknowledgement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. vanish B. vary C. appear D. incline（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. acting B. working C. malfunctioning D. functioning（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Serialization delay and (1) delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization de
32、lay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the (2) on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the (3) from a 128Kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can no
33、t be positively affected by an (4) in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the (5) of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.（分数：5.00）(1).A. buffering B. queuing C. receiving D. timing（分
34、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. electricity B. digital C. data D. variable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. memory B. cache C. bandwidth D. delay（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. increase B. decrease C. maintenance D. extension（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. capability B. cost C. amount D. performance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.WebSQL is a SQL-lik
35、e (61) language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for performing navigation of web (62) make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a (63) , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL
36、 through. (64) that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common (65) Interface.（分数：5.00）(1).A. query B. transaction C. communication D. programming（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. browsers B. servers C. hypertexts D. c
37、lients（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. hypertext B. page C. protocol D. operation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. paths B. chips C. tools D. directories（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Router B. Device C. Computer D. Gateway（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.网络工程师-计算机专业英语(四)答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：50.00)Originally introduced
38、 by Netscape Communications, (56) are a general mechanism which HTTP Server side applications, such as CGI (57) , can use to both store and retrieve information on the HTTP (58) side of the connection. Basically, Cookies can be used to compensate for the (59) nature of HTTP. The addition of a simple
39、 persistent, client-side state significantly extends the capabilities of WWW-based (60) .（分数：5.00）(1).A. Browsers B. Cookies C. Connections D. Scripts（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(2).A. graphics B. processes C. scripts D. texts（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(3).A. Client B. Editor C. Creator D. Server（分数：1.00）A. B.C
40、D.解析：(4).A. fixed B. flexible C. stable D. stateless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(5).A. programs B. applications C. frameworks D. constrains（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer, networks can be connected by. (31) or hubs, which just move the bits f
41、rom one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches, which operate at data link layer. They can accept (32) , examine the MAC address, and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer, we have rou
42、ters that can connect two networks. If two networks have (33) network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport connections. Finally, in the application layer, application gateway
43、s translate message (34) . As an example, gateways between Internet E-mail and X. 400 e-mail must (35) the e-mail message and change various header fields.（分数：5.00）(1).A. reapers B. relays C. connectors D. modems（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(2).A. frames B. packets C. packages D. cells（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(
44、3).A. special B. dependent C. similar D. dissimilar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(4).A. syntax B. semantics C. language D. format（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(5).A. analyze B. parse C. delete D. create（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：MIDI enables people to use (51) computers and electronic musical instruments. There are actuall
45、y three components to MIDI, the communications “ (52) “, the Hardware Interface and a distribution (53) called “Standard MIDI Files“. In the context of the WWW, the most interesting component is the (54) Format. In principle, MIDI files contain sequences of MIDI Protocol messages. However, when MIDI
46、 Protocol (55) are stored in MIDI files, the events are also time-stamped for playback in the proper sequence. Music delivered by MIDI files is the most common use of MIDI today.（分数：5.00）(1).A. personal B. electronic C. multimedia D. network（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(2).A. device B. protocol C. network D
47、 controller（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(3).A. format B. text C. wave D. center（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(4).A. Video B. Faxmail C. Graphic D. Audio（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(5).A. messages B. packets C. frame D. information（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：The purpose of the requirements definition phase is to produce a clear,
48、complete, consistent, and testable (36) of the technical requirements for the software product.During the requirements definition phase, the requirements definition team uses an iterative process to expand a broad statement of the system requirements into a complete and detailed specification of eac
49、h function that the software must perform and each (37) that it must meet. The starting point is usually a set of high-level requirements from the (38) that describe the project or problem.In either case, the requirements definition team formulates an overall concept for the system and then defines (39) showing how the system will be operated, publishes the system and operations concept document, and conducts a system concept review (SCR).Following the SCR, the team derives (40) requirements for the system from the high level requirements and the system and operations concept.
