1、专升本英语-601 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.passB.pasteC.ladyD.lakeA.cupB.mudC.justD.tuneA.sizeB.prizeC.existD.pineA.whatB.wantC.chalkD.wanderA.theyB.thinkC.thatD.there二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1._, I should not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you.（
2、分数：1.00）A.I had not realized what you intendedB.Had I not realized what you intendedC.I had realized what you intendedD.Had I realized what you intended2.I remember hes written a book _ Ive completely forgotten.（分数：1.00）A.which nameB.the name whichC.the name of itD.whose name3.No sooner _ than it be
3、gan to rain.（分数：1.00）A.they had reached homeB.reached home they hadC.had they reached homeD.did they reach home4.-What do you think of his _ play?-I like it much-better than his _ one.（分数：1.00）A.last.latestB.latest.lastC.later.lastD.later.latest5.If only _ the violin in the middle of the night, shed
4、 be an ideal guest.（分数：1.00）A.playedB.would playC.didnt playD.wouldnt play6.The boy showed complete _ of his parents advice.（分数：1.00）A.ignoranceB.disregardC.neglectD.avoidance7.It is very _ of you to let us know you were going to be late. Otherwise, we_ on time.（分数：1.00）A.considerate.wouldnt have be
5、gunB.inconsiderate.would have begunC.considerable.wouldnt have begunD.inconsiderable.wouldnt begin8.“Would you be _ do it for me, please?“Of course, with pleasure.“（分数：1.00）A.kind enoughB.as kind toC.so kind as toD.so kind to9.It was _ late to catch a bus after the party; therefore wd called a taxi.
6、分数：1.00）A.too veryB.much tooC.too muchD.far10.Our maths teacher is a man whom everyone looks _.（分数：1.00）A.upB.up toC.onD.in11.Michael Creuse, _ help Whymper climbed the Matterhom, was one of the first of the professional guides.（分数：1.00）A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.with whose12.That job is quite difficult.
7、I can understand why you have _ so many problems.（分数：1.00）A.run forB.run overC.run offD.run into13.I cant thank you _ much for your kindness, because without your help I cant have succeeded in the exam.（分数：1.00）A.tooB.veryC.quiteD.that14.He will get everything ready _ three days.（分数：1.00）A.afterB.fo
8、rC.inD.since15.He made a proposal that the problem _ at the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.discussB.be discussedC.will be discussedD.would be discussed三、 Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)The cost is going (21) for just about everything, and college tuition is no exception. According to a nationwide survey (22) by the Colle
9、ge Boards Scholarship Service, (23) at most American universities will be (24) of 9 percent higher this year over last.The biggest increase will occur at private colleges. Public colleges, heavily subsidized by tax funds, will also (25) their tuition, but the increase will be a few percentage points
10、 (26) than their privately sponsored neighbors.(27) a follow-up, the United Press international did their own study (28) Massachus-setts Institute of Technology. At M. I. T. advisors recommended (29) students have $ 8,900 (30) for one years expenses, including $ 5,300 (31) tuition, $ 2,685 for room
11、and (32) , $ 630 for personal expenses, and $ 285 for books and supplies. Ten years ago the tuition (33) only $ 2,150. To (34) that another way, the cost has climbed 150 percent in the last (35) .（分数：30.00）A.downB.upC.awayD.offA.publishedB.declaredC.writtenD.quotedA.expenseB.tuitionC.payD.fineA.at t
12、his rateB.above allC.on an averageD.by way ofA.decreaseB.reduceC.lowerD.increaseA.higherB.lowerC.largerD.smallerA.AsB.ForC.FromD.ByA.atB.forC.profitableD.asA.whatB.whichC.thatD.itA.responsibleB.avoidableC.profitableD.availableA.ofB.inC.toD.forA.diningB.fareC.clothingD.boardA.areB.wasC.isD.wereA.read
13、B.writeC.putD.illustrateA.yearB.weekC.decadeD.month四、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Since the early 1980s, scientists have revealed some 40 human genes involved in cancer. These genes are essential for normal growth, but can be subverted to cause a tumor.Dr. Jorge Yun
14、is of the University of Minnesota Medical School in Minneapolis has found that 70 percent of oncogenes, or cancer-causing genes, are located near inherited weak points on chromosomes(染色体). Varying from individual to individual, vulnerable to chemical carcinogens(致癌剂) ,X rays and other cancer-inducin
15、g agents.“If a chromosome snaps apart in the immediate vicinity of an oncogene,“ says Yunis, “normal genetic control mechanisms could break down and the stage would be set for the formation of cancer.“ Younis hag shown that such a sequence occurs at the beginning of numerous leukemias (白血病), lymphom
16、as (淋巴瘤) and some tumors of the lung, colon (结肠) and breast.Yunis and Other investigators have found that petroleum-based products-notably pesticides and insecticides-damage specific sites on at least two of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes that carry genetic information. Similarly, tobacco smoke t
17、ends to attack a part of another chromosome.（分数：12.00）(1).From paragraph 1, we know that some 40 genes involving in cancer are _.（分数：3.00）A.harmful to the human bodyB.necessary to the human bodyC.the elements that form cancerD.useless to the human body(2).Where are most likely to be affected by cane
18、r-inducing agents according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The lung.B.The colon.C.The chromosomes.D.The breast.(3).According to the context, the word in “oncogenes“ in par（分数：3.00）A.2 means _.A. genes that can kill cancerB. genes that will lead to leukemiaC. viruses that can kill AIDSD. genes that will l
19、ead to cancer(4).Under what conditions will the formation of cancer begin?（分数：3.00）A.When a chromosome breaks apart neat an oncogene and its control functions fail.B.When people drink too much and are easy to get tired.C.When people smoke too much and are difficult to get to sleep.D.When people eat
20、too much petroleum-based products.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Your mind like your body is a thing where the powers are developed by effort. This is a principal use, as I see it, of hard work in studies. Unless you train your body you cant be a good sportsman, and unless you train your mind you cant
21、 be much of a scholar. The four mi- les a boatman covers at top speed is in itself nothing to the good, but the physical capacity to hold out over the distance is thought to be of some value. So a good part of what you learn by hard study may not be retained forever, and may not seem to be of much f
22、inal value, but your mind is a better and more powerful instrument because you have learned it. “Knowledge is power,“ but still more the ability of acquiring and using knowledge is power. If you have a trained and powerful mind, you are bound to have stored it with something, its value is more in wh
23、at it can do, what it can grasp and use, than in what it contains; and if it were possible, as it is not, to come out of college with a trained mind and nothing useful in it, you would still be ahead, and still, in a manner, educated.（分数：12.00）(1).The title that best expresses the main idea of this
24、passage is _.（分数：3.00）A.Knowledge Is PowerB.How to Retain and Use KnowledgeC.Physical and Mental EffortsD.The Trained Mind Is What One Needs(2).In his example the author tells his readers that _.（分数：3.00）A.it is important to build up ones physical capacityB.it is no good having much physical trainin
25、gC.it is more important to know ones capacity than to win the raceD.it is important to have physical training while one trains his mind(3).The author emphasizes that many of the facts you acquire by hard study _.（分数：3.00）A.deal with rules of healthB.will be forgottenC.are of no valueD.will be very u
26、seful(4).The man leaving college with a trained mind _.（分数：3.00）A.is certain to succeedB.is successful in his studiesC.is considered an educated personD.can grasp any problem七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital the best patient care possible, If we are to solve the nursing
27、shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israels example.At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emo
28、tional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patients illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth
29、larael is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a sel
30、f-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each units nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.Beth Israel
31、s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital
32、分数：3.00）A.The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.B.Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night.C.The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient.D.The primary nurse keeps records of the patients health conditions every day.(2).It can be inf
33、erred from the passage that _.（分数：3.00）A.compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patientB.in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional point of viewC.in most hospitals nurses get low salariesD.compared with other hospitals, nurses have to work long
34、er hours at Beth Israel Hospital.(3).A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when _.（分数：3.00）A.the present one is refused by the patientB.the patient complains about the present oneC.the present one proves to be ineffectiveD.the patient is found unwilling to cooperate(4).The ma
35、in difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former _.（分数：3.00）A.is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospitalB.has to arrange the work shifts of the units nursesC.can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patientD.has full responsibility in the
36、administration of the units nurses八、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet awaystraight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning techn
37、ology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers pre-cisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, whi
38、ch in- variably includes plants that dont have pest (害虫) problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems be- fore they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infra- red scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The da
39、ta were transformed into a color-code map showing where plants were running“ fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology an
40、d long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the
41、 United States“, says George Oerther of Texas A here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant.“ It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nine-teenth-century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers c
42、ould have carded practically all of the existing agricultural implements (家具) on their backs; by 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1790 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working
43、on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869 James Oliver of South
44、 Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel (冷淬钢) plow.（分数：12.00）(1).What is the main topic of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The need for agricultural advances to help feed a growing population.B.The development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement.C.Machinery that contributed to the agr
45、icultural revolution.D.New Jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution.(2).The expression “make the most of“ in Line 4 is closest in meaning to which of the following?（分数：3.00）A.Get the best yield from.B.Raise the price of.C.Exaggerate the worth of.D.Earn a living on.(3).Which of the following
46、 can be inferred from what Thomas Jefferson said?（分数：3.00）A.Europe was changing more quickly than America.B.Europe had greater need of farm machinery than America did.C.America was finally running out of good farmland.D.There was a shortage of workers on American farms.(4).What point is the author m
47、aking by stating that farmers could carry nearly all their tools on their backs?（分数：3.00）A.Farmers had few tools before the agricultural revolutions.B.Americans were traditionally self-reliant.C.life on the farm was extremely difficult.D.New tools were designed to the portabl十、 Daily Conversation(总题
48、数：1，分数：15.00) A. I will take it. B. How much is it? C. What can I do for you? D. Which one do you like? E. Let me help you. F. How many ones do you want? G. Here you are. H: Thank you so much!(S=Shopkeeper, P=Peter)S: (56) P: I want to buy a notebook.S: The notebooks are over there. (57) P: The blue one looks nice. (58) S: Two yuan.P: Thats all right. (59) S: (60) P: Thank you.（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、 Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)16.1随着经济的发展，越来越多的人涌向城市。2但是存在一些问题。3要解决这些问题，政府必须采取行动。（分数：25.00）_专升本英语-601 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：
