1、全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 6 及答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Different Types of Parents It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents views of life vary, they love their children in different ways. Generally speaking, in terms of how
2、 they treat their children, parents fall into three basic types: autocratic, democratic, and permissive. The autocratic parents word is the law. He always sets rules, expecting complete obedience from his children. He assumes that he knows what is best for his children and that they will learn disci
3、pline and respect for authority from his orders. He does not realize that he may not know best and that rules without mercy may breed contempt for authority. If the child came home late from a party because a major accident on the highway tied up traffic for miles, this parent would not allow the ch
4、ild to explain his reasons for being late. The child would be immediately punished. This kind of parent probably has good intentions, wanting his child to grow up “right,“ but his approach to the task may lead to conflicts. The democratic parent is not so strict. He is willing to discuss rules with
5、his children and listen to their side of an argument. If his child came home an hour late from a party, he would listen to the explanation instead of punishing the child immediately. In general, the democratic parent lays down fewer rules than his autocratic counterpart because he realizes children
6、must learn certain things in life on their own. He prefers to play the role of an advisor and is always available when his children need help. _ Too few people with children are democratic parents, which is the best of the three types. Too much or too little authority often breeds disrespect and res
7、entment. A good parent should offer guidance and advice; he should not try to rule his children or disregard his children completely.（分数：2.00）_二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.Bill A bill has been introduced in the United States Congress which, if passed, would reduce the minimum wage for working
8、teenagers under the age of 18. The minimum wage would be decreased a small amount for each year under 18 until the age of 15. A few teenagers react negatively towards the bill, but they are probably the lucky ones who have a job. Although these people would have to take a cut in pay, the bill has ma
9、ny advantages and should be passed. First of all, the idea of a reduced minimum wage would allow for the hiring of more teenagers. Unemployment is high for teens under 18, especially in minority groups. If the bill became a law, two teenagers would be hired for the price of one. Even though some peo
10、ple say that a business might hire teenagers in place of older people, this is highly unlikely. Most teens only work part-time and therefore would not interfere with hiring in the older work force. Putting more teenagers in the work force would be beneficial because the wages that they make would he
11、lp their parents out financially. These teenagers would have their own spending money for dates, for gas, and for clothes. Also, putting more teenagers on the job could possibly reduce the crime rate among them. With some money in their pockets, teenagers would not need to shoplift or to commit robb
12、ery. Some teens think the proposed wages would be so low. It would not be worth their working. However, a reduced wage does not mean that employers are free to pay unreasonably low wages. As it is, many small businesses pay below minimum wage now, and they have no trouble finding teenagers who are w
13、illing to work. In addition, no income tax is taken out for teenagers, so almost all their wages are pure income. Some people fear this bill will mark an end to the minimum wage requirements for everyone. These people are misinformed, for this minimum wage reduction would not affect anyone 18 or old
14、er. Instead it would mainly affect the teenagers that work during the summers and after school. These teenagers are making money to save and to spend for extras. They are not, in the main, breadwinners. The older teenagers and adults, who are breadwinners, would continue at their same salaries. The
15、reduced minimum wage could also take a small burden off already aiding business that hires teenagers. If they do not have to pay so much for wages, the business could take the money saved and invest it in their own businesses. They could renew or expand their machinery to increase production. Finall
16、y with the overall decrease in expenditures because of the reduced minimum wage, prices could go down, which would help to fight inflation. Although some younger teenagers do not want to take the wage cuts, this idea has many positive economic possibilities: it might help in solving problems with un
17、employed teens, parents financial burdens, crime, and revitalization of business. The bill deserves a chance. _（分数：2.00）_三、Compose an essay(总题数：1，分数：2.00)3.Some people insist that the family has the most important influence on young adults. Other people think that friends have the most important inf
18、luence on young adults, which view do you agree with? Write a short expository essay about 300 words to explicate your opinion. In your writing, underline your thesis and number your paragraphs.（分数：2.00）_全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 6 答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Different Types o
19、f Parents It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents views of life vary, they love their children in different ways. Generally speaking, in terms of how they treat their children, parents fall into three basic types: autocratic, democratic, and perm
20、issive. The autocratic parents word is the law. He always sets rules, expecting complete obedience from his children. He assumes that he knows what is best for his children and that they will learn discipline and respect for authority from his orders. He does not realize that he may not know best an
21、d that rules without mercy may breed contempt for authority. If the child came home late from a party because a major accident on the highway tied up traffic for miles, this parent would not allow the child to explain his reasons for being late. The child would be immediately punished. This kind of
22、parent probably has good intentions, wanting his child to grow up “right,“ but his approach to the task may lead to conflicts. The democratic parent is not so strict. He is willing to discuss rules with his children and listen to their side of an argument. If his child came home an hour late from a
23、party, he would listen to the explanation instead of punishing the child immediately. In general, the democratic parent lays down fewer rules than his autocratic counterpart because he realizes children must learn certain things in life on their own. He prefers to play the role of an advisor and is
24、always available when his children need help. _ Too few people with children are democratic parents, which is the best of the three types. Too much or too little authority often breeds disrespect and resentment. A good parent should offer guidance and advice; he should not try to rule his children o
25、r disregard his children completely.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The permissive parent has no rules for his children and offers little guidance, Frequently, this parent is too busy to take time with his children and leaves them to TV, school and chance. He allows his children to come and go as they please.
26、 He doesnt care what they do or he thinks they must learn to set their own rules. This parent doesnt understand that all young people need guidance because when they grow up, they will have to abide by rules of society. Not learning to respect order early may cause the children to resent the rules e
27、veryone must obey.)解析：解析： 本文旨在通过对专制型、民主型及纵容型三种不同类型父母对待孩子的不同态度的描写，以形成鲜明的对比，从而得出一位合格的父母所应具备的品质及要求：为孩子提供指导和建议；不要试图对孩子进行统治或者完全忽视他们。文章结构整齐，思路清晰，首段和尾段均对缺省段起到了提示的作用。如果对各段大意及相互关系有了准确的把握，那么补全缺省段落也就迎韧而解了。下面，让我们对文中各段做一下分析： 第一段，父母关爱自己的孩子是一个为大众所公认的真理。然而，父母对待生活的不同态度形成了他们关爱子女的不同方式。一般说来，根据父母对待子女的不同方式，可以将他们分为三类：专制型父
28、母、民主型父母及纵容型父母。 第二段，对于专制型父母来说，他们的话就是法律。他总是立下规矩，期望孩子对他完全顺从。他自认为他知道什么对孩子的成长有利，并确信他的命令会使孩子懂得遵守纪律、尊敬长辈，却没有意识到他那冷酷的统治最终会导致孩子对他们手中权力的反抗。 第三段，相比之下，民主型父母就没有那么严格了，他总是愿意与孩子讨论并听取他们的意见。与专制型父母相比，民主型父母只立下少数规定，因为他们知道孩子必须靠自己在生活中学得一些东西。因此，这类父母更喜欢扮演一个建议者的角色，并在孩子需要帮助的时候向他们伸出援助之手。 最后一段，对孩子实行民主的父母太少了。然而，这类父母是最理想的父母。对孩子要求
29、太多或太少都会使孩子对家长产生不满和愤恨。一位好的父母亲应该对孩子进行指导并给予建议；他不应该对孩子进行统治或者完全忽视他们。 由此可见，第一段首先提出了本文的主题思想句，In terms of how they treat their children，parents fall into three basic types：autocratic，democratic，and permissive其中关键要掌握三个关键词：autocratic，democratic，and permissive，因为下文分别要对这三种类型父母进行描述。由此可推知，在对第一类和第二类父母对孩子的态度的介绍之后，随
30、之而来的应该是对纵容型父母的描述。这时，再参照最后一段，可以得出民主型父母是本文作者所推崇的一种类型，这同时也为我们补写缺省段落起到了点晴的作用，即在阐述纵容型父母时，要着重从强调他她对孩子的态度上所产生的负面影响入手。 原文中一些有用的短语： (1)generally speaking 一般而言(in general) egGenerally speakingIn general，people like her人们一般都喜欢她。 (2)in terms of 根据，按照 eg. In terms of the benefits of sports，they can keep us healt
31、hy，and cultivate our team spirit从体育运动给我们带来的好处讲，它们可以使我们保持身体健康，并且培养我们的合作精神。 (3)fall into：分成(classify into) egThis topic falls naturally into three sections. 这个论题可自然地分成三个部分。 (4)be good for 对有益 egIt isnt good for children to give them everything they want 孩子们要什么就给什么，这对他们并无益处。 (5)tie up 阻碍；使动弹不得 ega)：The
32、 accident tied up the traffic for hours这宗事故使交通阻塞了好几个小时。 b)I cant come out tonightIm a bit tied up at work今晚我来不了，我有工作实在脱不开身。 (6)be willing to do sth 乐于做 egAs an eloquent girl，she is always willing to participate in various debates held in her school她很善辩，总是愿意参加学校组织的各种形式的辩论赛。 (7)lay down(坚定或正式)阐述；声明；规定
33、 egThe regulations lay down that members must always sign guests in规则规定会员必须为带来的客人签字。 (8)on ones own单独地；独自地 egHow do you like living on your own?你觉得独自生活怎么样?二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.Bill A bill has been introduced in the United States Congress which, if passed, would reduce the minimum wage
34、for working teenagers under the age of 18. The minimum wage would be decreased a small amount for each year under 18 until the age of 15. A few teenagers react negatively towards the bill, but they are probably the lucky ones who have a job. Although these people would have to take a cut in pay, the
35、 bill has many advantages and should be passed. First of all, the idea of a reduced minimum wage would allow for the hiring of more teenagers. Unemployment is high for teens under 18, especially in minority groups. If the bill became a law, two teenagers would be hired for the price of one. Even tho
36、ugh some people say that a business might hire teenagers in place of older people, this is highly unlikely. Most teens only work part-time and therefore would not interfere with hiring in the older work force. Putting more teenagers in the work force would be beneficial because the wages that they m
37、ake would help their parents out financially. These teenagers would have their own spending money for dates, for gas, and for clothes. Also, putting more teenagers on the job could possibly reduce the crime rate among them. With some money in their pockets, teenagers would not need to shoplift or to
38、 commit robbery. Some teens think the proposed wages would be so low. It would not be worth their working. However, a reduced wage does not mean that employers are free to pay unreasonably low wages. As it is, many small businesses pay below minimum wage now, and they have no trouble finding teenage
39、rs who are willing to work. In addition, no income tax is taken out for teenagers, so almost all their wages are pure income. Some people fear this bill will mark an end to the minimum wage requirements for everyone. These people are misinformed, for this minimum wage reduction would not affect anyo
40、ne 18 or older. Instead it would mainly affect the teenagers that work during the summers and after school. These teenagers are making money to save and to spend for extras. They are not, in the main, breadwinners. The older teenagers and adults, who are breadwinners, would continue at their same sa
41、laries. The reduced minimum wage could also take a small burden off already aiding business that hires teenagers. If they do not have to pay so much for wages, the business could take the money saved and invest it in their own businesses. They could renew or expand their machinery to increase produc
42、tion. Finally with the overall decrease in expenditures because of the reduced minimum wage, prices could go down, which would help to fight inflation. Although some younger teenagers do not want to take the wage cuts, this idea has many positive economic possibilities: it might help in solving prob
43、lems with unemployed teens, parents financial burdens, crime, and revitalization of business. The bill deserves a chance. _（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：I. The introduction of the bill . The advantages of the bill A. Benefits to teenagers 1. Increasing of hiring chance 2. Helping parents by earning ones own
44、spending money 3. Reducing the crime rate among teenagers 4. Pure income B. No affection to others C. Benefits to business . The positive possibilities of the bill)解析：解析： 这样的题相对来说比较容易，我们在答题时，只要找出文章中相应的句子，对号入座即可。下面我们具体来分析一下本题。 第一段：作者介绍了 bill 的由来。说到 bill 的出现，对于已经工作的十八岁以下的青少年来说，他们的最低工资额度减少了。 第二段：讲到了 bi
45、ll 的出现给青少年带来的很多优势。首先，可以让青少年们获得更多被雇佣的机会。 第三段：青少年工作可以使得他们的父母在经济上减轻了一些负担。 第四段：对于青少年的薪水，国家是不收税的，这样他们挣的工资是净工资。 第五段：讲到 bill 的出现除了对青少年有影响之外，不会影响其他人。 第六段：bill 的另一个好处就是在生意上带来优势。 第七段：作者强调了 bill 带来的积极影响。三、Compose an essay(总题数：1，分数：2.00)3.Some people insist that the family has the most important influence on yo
46、ung adults. Other people think that friends have the most important influence on young adults, which view do you agree with? Write a short expository essay about 300 words to explicate your opinion. In your writing, underline your thesis and number your paragraphs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Friends Do Mo
47、st of the Influence on Young Adults (l)Some people think that the family has the most important influence on the young adults. For example, some scientists and statesmen owe their successes to the good upbringing their families have given them. But others think that friends have the most important influence on young adults. As a popular
