1、 2016 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷） 英语 第二部分：知识运用（共两节， 45 分） 第一节单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21.Jack _in the lab when the power cut occurred. A.works B.has worked C.was working D.would work 解析： 题目考查时态。句意：突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。根据 occurred 可知，这里指过去发生的事情，断电时，杰克正在工作，综合用过去进行时，故选 C。 答案：
2、 C 22.I live next door to a couple _children often make a lot of noise. A.whose B.why C.where D.which 解析： 题目考查定语从句的关系词。 a couple 是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵， children 和couple 是所属关系，故用 whose 作定语，相当于 the children of whom，故选 A。 答案： A 23.Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? The new Star Wars. We _here for mor
3、e than two hours. A.waited B.wait C.would be waiting D.have been waiting 解析 ： 题目 考查 时态。句意： -打扰了，你在等 哪 一部电影？ -在等 着 看星球大战，我们 已经等了两个多小时了。 for+时 间段 ， 与完成时连用 ， 根据语境可知 ， 说话的时候仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时，故选 D。 答案： D 24.Your support is important to our work. _you can do helps. A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever
4、解析： 题目考查主语从句。 Helps 是谓语，“ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中， do 后缺少宾语，因此用 whatever 引导，故选 C。 答案： C 25.I _half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. A.read B.have read C.am reading D.will read 解析： 题目考查时态。句意：我已经看完了这本英文小说的一半，周末把另一半看完。发生在过去的动作，对现在产生影响，用现在完成时。“看小说”这一动作发生在过去，到目前为止看了一半，
5、故用完成时，故选 B。 答案： B 26. _it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make 解析： 题目考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系 到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选 D。 答案： D 27.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _hes in his nineties. A.as long as B
6、.as if C. even though D.in case 解析：题目 考查 状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然可以时不时地打打网球。A. as long as 只要，引导条件句； B. as if 似乎，引导方式状语从句； C. even though 即使，引导让步状语从句； D. in case 以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选 C。 答案： C 28._ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. A. Ordering B. To order C. Having order
7、ed D. Ordered 解析： 题目 考查过去分词作状语。句意： (因为 )那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。 Books 和 order 是动宾关系，即 order books/books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句 because they were ordered.，故选 D。 答案： D 29.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. wh
8、y 解析： 题目考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。Is 后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用 that，只起引导作用，故选 B。 答案： B 30.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_ success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 解析：题目考查时态和语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力 (
9、将来 )一定会得到回报。句意可知，回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用将来时； efforts 和 reward 是被动关系，应该使用被动语态，故选 D。 答案： D 31.I love the weekend,because I_ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A. neednt B. mustnt C. wouldnt D. shouldnt 解析： 题目考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。 A. neednt不需要； B. mustnt禁止； C. wouldnt不愿； D. shouldnt不应该。根据句意可知，周六、周
10、日不用早起， 故选 A。 答案： A 32.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _ the old town into a dreamland. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned 解析： 题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。 turn 的逻辑主语是 cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选 B。 答案： B 33.I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me rela
11、x and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. A. because B.before C. unless D. until 解析： 题目考查原因状语从句。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能让我放松，使我不去想其它的事情。前后是因果关系，故选 A。 答案： A 34.Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped. A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell 解
12、析：题目考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有吿诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你吉诉我 的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟， if 条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选 B。 答案： B 35.I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today. A. so B. and C. for D. but 解析： 题目考查并列连词 。 句意：我不害怕未知的明天，因为我已经经历了 昨天 并且深爱看今天。 So 后跟结果； and 表并列关系； but 表 转折 ； for 补充说明原因，故选
13、C。 答案： C 第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项 。 A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had d
14、iphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的 )disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage. How could the medicine g
15、et to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 42 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They w
16、ould have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇 )driversknown as “mushers”would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力 ). The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine t
17、o the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31,a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Se
18、ppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹 )to get around
19、 them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasens lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by.
20、 Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail. At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered. Nome had been 55 . 36. A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A. e
21、xamined 检査； B. warned 警告 ； C. interviewed 采访，面试； D. cured治愈 。医生 检查 了一个生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故选 A。 答案： A 37. A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless 解析： 考查形容词辨析。 A. harmless 无害的； B. helpless 无望的； C. fearless 不怕的； D. careless 粗心的。如果白喉肆虐诺姆，那里的孩子们都将面临死亡，故选 B。 答案： B 38. A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D
22、.However 解析 ： 考查 副词辨祈。 A. Moreover 而且； B. Therefore 因此； C. Otherwise 否则； D. However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多里，前后是 转折 关系，故选 D。 答案： D 39. A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border 解析： 考查名词辨析。 A.airport 机场； B.station 车站； C. harbor 港口； D.border 边境。根据“ so it couldnt come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选 C。 答案： C 40. A.nar
23、row B. snowy C.busy D.dirty 解析： 考查形容词辨析。 A.narrow 狭窄的； B. snowy 被雪覆盖的； C.busy 繁忙的； D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选 B。 答案： B 41. A.From B.On C.By D.After 解析： 考查介词辨析。 A.From 从，自； B.On 在 .上面； C.By 通过，在 .之前； D.After在 .之后。 By+时间，与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选 C。 答案： C 42. A.tired B.upset C
24、. pale D.sick 解析： 考查形容词辨析。 A.tired 劳累的； B.upset 难过的； C. pale 苍白的； D.sick 生病的。四个孩子相继去世，还有 20 几个患病，故选 D。 答案： D 43. A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic 解析： 考查名词辨析。 A.plan 计划； B.excuse 借口； C.message 信息； D.topic 话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选 A。 答案： A 44. A.air B.rail C. sea D.road 解析： 考查名词辨析。 A.air 空气； B.rail 栏杆，铁轨；
25、C. sea 海洋； D.road 道路。根据下一段“ from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到 Nenana，故选 B。 答案： B 45. A.carry B.return C. mail D.give 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.carry 运送，携带； B.return 返回，归还； C. mail 邮寄； D.give 给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选 A。 答案： A 46. A.Though B.Since C. When D.If 解析： 考查时间状语从句。 A.Though 虽然； B.Since 因为，自从； C. Wh
26、en 当； D.If 如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选 C。 答案： C 47. A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.enter 进入； B.move 移动； C. visit 拜访； D.cross 穿过。根据“ Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知， Norton Sound 是一片冰冻的水域， Seppala 必须穿过这片水域，故选 D。 答案： D 48. A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish 解析： 考查形容词辨析。 A.
27、shameful 惭愧的； B.boring 令人厌烦的； C.dangerous 危险的；D.foolish 愚蠢的。根据“ which could sometimes break up without warning”可知，这是旅途最难的一部分，故选 C。 答案： C 49. A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die 解析： 考查 动词 辨析 。 A. escape 逃跑； B. bleed 流血； C. swim 游泳 ； D.die 死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中， Seppala 会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会去世，故选 D。 答案： D 50. A.memory B.ex
28、it C.way D.destination 解析： 考查名词辨析。 A. memory 记忆； B. exit 出口； C. way 道路； D. destination 目的地。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路， Seppala 不得不绕道行驶，故选 C。 答案： C 51. A.find B.fix C. pass D.change 解析： 考查 动词 辨析 。 A. find 找到； B.fix 固定，安装； C. pass 通过； D. change 改变。当时的天气状况极差， Seppala 找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选 A。 答案： A 52. A.pret
29、ending B.trying C. asking D.learning 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.pretending 假装； B.trying 努力； C. asking 问，要求； D.learning 学会。 Seppala 的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道，故选 B。 答案： B 53. A.run B.leave C. bite D.play 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.run 跑； B.leave 离开； C. bite 咬； D.play 玩耍。 Seppala 的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选 A。 答案： A 54. A.gathered B.stayed C. cam
30、ped D.arrived 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.gathered 聚集； B.stayed 保持； C. camped 露营，借住； D.arrived到达。 arrive in sp 到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选 D。 答案： D 55. A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed 解析： 考查动词辨析。 A.controlled 控制； B.saved 拯救； C.founded 建立； D.developed 发展。所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选 B。 答案： B 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节， 20 分） 第一节（共 15
31、 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项 。 A Dear Alfred, I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADIID(注意力缺陷多动障碍 ). A
32、nxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five
33、relevant pre-college courses. While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses
34、 like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose. Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could
35、 work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. Y
36、ouve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This is why youre saving my life. Yours, Tanis 56. Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school? A. She had learned e
37、nough about computer science B. She had more difficulty keeping focused C. She preferred taking online courses D. She was too slow to learn 解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段 “ my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn t”可知，“我”的多动症加重了，无法上大学，故选 B。 答案： B 57.AS for the working environm
38、ent, Tains prefers_. A .working by herself B. dealing with the public C. competing against others D. staying with ADHD students 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据倒数第三段 “without dealing with the public” 排除 B;根据 “I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. ”可知， “我 ”不想处理复杂的人际关系，想单独工作，故选 A。 答案： A 58. Tanis wrote
39、this letter in order to_. A. explain why she was interested in the computer B. share the ideas she had for her profession C .show how grateful she was to the center D. describe the courses she had taken so far 解析： 写作意图题。根据倒数第二段 “ Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the fir
40、st time, I feel good about myself”可知，作者写信的目的是表达感谢，故选 C。 答案： C B Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪 ) Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “Its the ocean that makes Rockaw
41、ay so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, th
42、ey found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and
43、women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise building
44、s. “My mom tells me that I cant control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalies choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost
45、his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patricks collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-
46、need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars(创痕 )of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I cant imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.” 59.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she found_. A.some friends had lost their lives B.her neighbo
