1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 34 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Stomach Ulcer Stomach ulcers(溃疡) are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have f
2、ound a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can ha
3、rm the tissue (生物组织) in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines (肠). Fluids (液体) in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their ches
4、t or stomach. This pain often is called heart-burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged s
5、tomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial (细菌的) organism (有机体) called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics(抗生
6、素). Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts
7、of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say i
8、t is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：20.00）(1).Doctors have been able to reduce the pain caused by stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A
9、.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).People with ulcers usually feel a burning pain in their chest or sto
10、mach when they are eating.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(6).Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).People who eat a lot of spicy food are als
11、o easy to have stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).H Pilorie bacteria cannot be killed.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).If a persons family has had an ulcer, he is three times more likely to get ulcer than people without a family history of ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Give
12、n(10).Tension in life can increase the likelihood of getting a stomach ulcer.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Evolution of Sleep Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的) sense we share it with all the primates(灵长类动物) and almost all the other mammals and bir
13、ds; it may extend back as far as the reptiles (爬行动物). There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life-style of the animal, and that predators(食肉动物) are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience d
14、reamless sleep. In dream sleep, the animal is powerfully immobilized (使固定不动) and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare am
15、ong prey today seems clearly to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilizatio
16、n ever have evolved? Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animal s
17、vulnerability, the function of sleep is to decrease it? Wilse Webb of the University of Florida and Ray Meddis of London University have suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals who are too stupid to be quiet on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized
18、by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an interesting notion and probably at least partly true.（分数：10.00）(1).The author states that during dream sleep, the animal sleeps_.（分数：2.00）A.without movingB.shallowlyC.intermittentlyD.on
19、its side(2).It can be inferred from the passage that animals that are prey rarely experience dream sleep because they_.（分数：2.00）A.have evolved further than predatorsB.are particularly intelligent animalsC.need less sleep than predatorsD.would be caught if deeply asleep(3).The author suggests that, b
20、ecause there are no hiding places in the oceans, whales and dolphins_.（分数：2.00）A.sleep only when they are very youngB.cannot afford to sleep very muchC.usually dream while awakeD.take turns to sleep(4).The passage is mainly concerned with the_.（分数：2.00）A.types and function of sleepB.psychological ro
21、le of dreamsC.history of reptilian sleep patternsD.influence of evolution on young animals(5).Compared with dreamless sleep, deep dream sleep is_.（分数：2.00）A.not the result of natural selectionB.less likely to appear to monkeysC.more protective to the animalsD.at a higher stage of evolution三、概括段落大意和补
22、全句子(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Radar 1 Children enjoy shouting at a high wall and hearing the sound come back to them. These sounds are called echoes (回声). Echoes have given us a number of valuable tools. 2 Echo sounding devices were early used in making maps of the ocean floor. Sounds or ultrasonic (超声的) sound
23、s make good tools for determining how deep the water is under ships. Sometimes echoes from ultrasonic distance finding devices were prevented from working by fish swimming past or by the presence of large objects. So ultrasonic devices have been replaced by other tools. 3 Radar is now a familiar too
24、l. Like many others it was an unexpected discovery. It was first observed by two researchers, who were studying sound communication. They were sending signals from a station on one side of a river in Washington. DC. to a vehicle across the river. They discovered that their signals were stopped by pa
25、ssing ships. They recognized the importance of this discovery at once. 4 All this was of course just a start, from which our present radar has developed. The word “radar,“ in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection (检测) and ranging“. “Ranging“ is the term for detection of the distance bet
26、ween an object and the radar set. Today, in our scientific age, it would be difficult to manage without radar. 5 One of the many uses of radar is as a speed control device on highways. When a person in an automobile is driving faster than the speed limit, radar will show this clearly and the traffic
27、 police can take measures to stop him. 6 A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone. Many conditions such as flying at night and landing in dense fog require the pilot to use radar. Human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, but radar can show the pilot how fast nearby
28、 planes are moving.A. Study of SoundB. Highway PoliceC. Present Radar Is Developed and UsedD. Early Use of Echo Sounding DevicesE. EchoesF. Discovery by Chance（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Par
29、agraph 5（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A. detect nearby objectsB. determine the depth of the ocean waterC. decide how fast you driveD. in need of radarE. map the ocean floorF. observe water flow（分数：10.00）(1).Echo-sounding devices were early used to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Ultrasonic devices were used to 1.（分数：2.00）填
30、空项 1:_(3).Scientific age is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Police use radar on highways to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Radar helps pilots to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_四、填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Michael Jacksonthe Ups and Downs Michael Jackson, the seventh of nine children, started his musical career with his brothers in 1964.
31、1Michael quickly became the centre of attention. During the following years the band released hit after hit and became the most successful Motown group, In 1975 the Jackson Five decided to leave Motown for more money at CBS records. Young Michael began his solo (独唱) career while he was still with th
32、e group. His big breakthrough came in 1982 with the arrival of his biggest selling album, Thriller. The album had seven hit singles and became famous for its video clip. 2In 1984 he set his hair on fire for a commercial in Los Angeles. He was injured and carried out on a stretcher (担架). This and man
33、y other strange stories about Jackson brought him the nickname Wacko Jack (怪人杰克). Nevertheless the sales of his records went up. Black and White was the biggest hit of the 1991 album Dangerous. During the promotion of his album he invited US talk master Oprah Winfrey to Neverland (梦幻岛). There he gav
34、e the world insights into his private life. 3And he also admitted that he had undergone plastic surgery. In 1993 the King of Pop was accused of harassing (骚扰) children, but a settlement with the 13-year old s parents saved him from prison. 4But unluckily, the couple separated a year and a half later
35、. By the mid 1990s Jacksons popularity had started to fall. History was a collection of greatest hits plus a few new recordings. The pop star appeared at the Brit Awards to perform his number one single Earth Song, together with a group of children. A second marriage with Nurse Deborah Rowe produced
36、 a son Michael and a daughter Paris. 5It took almost 6 years to finish the album Invincible. But when it was released in 2001 ,it was only in the charts (排行榜) for six weeks. In March 2009 Jackson surprised the pop world by announcing were that he would go on stage one last time. A series of ten conc
37、erts, definitely his last ones, were planned for July 2009 in the 02 Arena in London. But on June 25, 2009, less than a month before he was scheduled to begin a series of comeback concerts, paramedics were called to Michael Jacksons rented home in Holby Hills near Los Angeles where they found him un
38、conscious and not responding. They were unable to revive the “King of Pop,“ and Jackson was pronounced dead at the L. A. Medical Center.A. They called themselves the Jackson Five.B. The following year Jackson married Lisa Marie Presley.C. He said that he was lonely.D. Michael Jackson was not only a
39、great singer, he also did crazy things.E. Elizabeth Taylor and Michael Jackson were two peas in one odd pod.F. Jacksons downturn continued into the new millennium.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、填词补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)English and English Community There is no denying that English is a us
40、eful language. The people who speak English today make up the 1 speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. Originally they were small tribes of people from northern Europe who 2 in England. Their languages became more and more 3 to each other. Finally, the language had
41、enough uniformity to be used by all speakers in England. The people were united into a speech community through their shared language. Speech community is similar to other kinds of 4 The people who make up the community share common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhoo
42、d, a village, or a city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is any group of people who 5 the same language no matter where they happen to live. We may say that anyone who speaks Engli
43、sh 6 to the English speech community. For convenience, we may classify the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the 7 of education, commerce, and so on. English serves as an al
44、ternative language in several areas of public activity for most nations in the world which employ it as an 8 second language. English has been adopted as the language of air traffic, commerce, as well as international diplomacy. Moreover, English is the 9 of the majority of published materials in th
45、e world so that education has come to rely 10 on an understanding of English.A. international B. native C. speakD. belongs E. purpose F. languageG. communities H. settled I. similarJ. same K. heavily L. largest（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、完形补文(总题数
46、：1，分数：20.00)Why do We Use E-mail? Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time.Some may use this【C1】_(free) to share some time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care about mo
47、st. I know this from【C2】_(person) experience. E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My【C3】_(work) hours aren t necessarily much【C4】_(short) than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young d
48、aughter than I might have if she d been born before electronic mail became such a【C5】_(practice) tool. The Internet also makes it easy to share【C6】_(think) with a group of friends. Say you do something fun, see a great movie perhaps, and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may tire of【C7】_(tell) the story. With E-mail, you just write one note about
