1、英语词汇学自考题-28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：23，分数：23.00)1.In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as _ context. A. non-linguistic B. linguistic C. grammatical D. lexical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Which of the following is not one of the type
2、s of context?_ A. Linguistic context. B. Non-linguistic context. C. Extra-linguistic context. D. Intra-linguistic context.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3._ is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. A. Spelling B. Pronunciation C. Context D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Linguistic context ma
3、y cover the following except _. A. a paragraph B. participants C. a whole chapter D. the entire book（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Extra-linguistic context excludes _. A. people B. time C. place D. clauses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire _. A. physical situation B
4、. grammatical structure C. mental activity D. cultural background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Which of the following is not true about extra-linguistic context?_ A. It can be subdivided into grammatical context and non-linguistic context. B. It refers to physical situation or environment relating to the use o
5、f words. C. It embraces the people, time and place. D. It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and _ context. A. words B. clauses C. grammatical D. sentences（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9._ refers to the words that occu
6、r together with the word in question. A. Grammatical context B. Lexical context C. Clauses context D. Sentences context（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.“Do“ in “do a museum“ means “_“. A. study B. visit C. arrange D. clean（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In some cases, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure
7、 in which it occurs. This is called _ context. A. non-linguistic B. lexical C. grammatical D. cultural（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.I dont know what will become of him after the war. “Become of“ means _. A. happen to, often in a bad way B. suit, befit C. begin to be D. none of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Whi
8、ch of the following is one of the main functions of verbal context?_ A. Elimination of ambiguity. B. Indication for referents. C. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning. D. All the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The sentence “He is a hard businessman.“ is ambiguous due to _. A. grammatical structu
9、re B. lexical context C. homonymy D. polysemy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.When a word with multiple meanings is used in an inadequate context, this word may create _. A. semantic motivation B. degradation C. ambiguity D. extension（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The ambiguity in “pass the port“ is caused by _. A. lexical
10、 terms B. a grammatical structure C. homonymy D. polysemy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.The sentence “I lost Bettys picture.“ is ambiguous due to _. A. grammatical context B. polysemy C. antonymy D. hyponymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18._ may prove extremely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. A. Grammar B.
11、Context C. Pronunciation D. Ambiguity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Context clues have _ ones in all. A. seven B. six C. eight D. five（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.Hints given in a context are known as _. A. referents B. clues C. ambiguity D. definition（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.As the fighting on all fronts reached its peak,
12、the economy neared its nadir. In the sentence, _ is applied. A. antonymy B. hyponymy C. synonymy D. word structure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.We may know the meaning of “geocentric“ by analyzing _. A. definition B. antonymy C. word structure D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.In the sentence “Italian artis
13、ts were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed.“ the meaning of quattrocento can be inferred from the clue of _. A. definition B. explanation C. example D. relevant detail（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：9，分数：18.00)24.Context can fall into 1 context and non-linguistic c
14、ontext.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25. 1 context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is 1 context.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.Non-linguistic situation often exercise 1 influence on the meaning of words.（分数：2.00）
15、填空项 1:_28.Against the cultural background of western countries, “trade unions“ have strong political 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.Ambiguity often arises due to 1 and homonymy.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.In the sentence “Copernicus believed in a heliocentric universe, rather than in the geocentric theory.“, the word
16、“heliocentric“ is explained by the clue of 1 structure.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_31.Generally speaking, the immediate verbal context will suffice for interpreting meanings of a word as 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_32.The sentence “I like Mary better than Jean.“ will lead to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：3，分数：12.00)33.contex
17、t（分数：4.00）_34.lexical context（分数：4.00）_35.grammatical context（分数：4.00）_四、B(总题数：7，分数：28.00)36.State the difference among the three terms: linguistic context, grammatical context and context clue.（分数：4.00）_37.Why is context very important for the understanding of word-meaning?（分数：4.00）_38.How many typ
18、es can linguistic context be classified?（分数：4.00）_39.Can you determine the meanings of the following sentences? Explain and make some alterations in the context so as to pin down the meaning. (a)The fish is ready to eat. (b)I like Mary better than Jean.（分数：4.00）_40.How do you account for the context
19、 function as indication of referents?（分数：4.00）_41.What are contextual clues? Guess the meaning of the word underlined in the following sentence and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning. (a)Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of Ukinesics/U, the study of bod
20、y movement, was suggested by Professor Birdwhistell. (b)Its just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessorsthose tiny parts of a computer commonly known as “Usilicon chips/U“.（分数：4.00）_42.What context clues are commonly used?（分数：4.00）_五、B(总题数：4，分数：19.00)43.Rose ran the badminto
21、n game. Study this sentence. Can you find anything wrong? Please explain why and then improve it.（分数：5.00）_44.State the roles of context in determination of word meaning. Illustrate your points with examples.（分数：4.00）_45.Study the following sentence. If you find anything wrong, please explain why an
22、d then improve the sentence. Flying plane is dangerous.（分数：5.00）_46.Study the following sentence. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence. The boy ran after the girl with the flowers.（分数：5.00）_英语词汇学自考题-28 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：23，分数：23.00)1.In a narro
23、w sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as _ context. A. non-linguistic B. linguistic C. grammatical D. lexical（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 In a narrow sense, linguistic context refers to the words, clauses sentences in which a word appears. 狭义上讲，语境是一
24、个词所在的词群、从句和局群环境，这称为语言环境。答案为 B。2.Which of the following is not one of the types of context?_ A. Linguistic context. B. Non-linguistic context. C. Extra-linguistic context. D. Intra-linguistic context.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 语境有不同的含义。狭义地讲，语境指的是所存在的词组、分句和句子，这就是我们所说的语言语境(linguistic context)。从广义上讲，语境还可以包
25、括自然情景，这就是非语言语境(extra-linguistic context或 non-linguistic context)。没有 D项的说法。答案为 D。3._ is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. A. Spelling B. Pronunciation C. Context D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Context is very important for the understanding of word-meaning语境在词义的理解上起着举
26、足轻重的作用。答案为 C。4.Linguistic context may cover the following except _. A. a paragraph B. participants C. a whole chapter D. the entire book（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Linguistic context covers a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book. 语言环境包括一个段落，一个章节，甚至一本书。答案为 B。5.Extra-linguistic context excl
27、udes _. A. people B. time C. place D. clauses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Extra-linguistic context embraces the people, time, place, and even the whole cultural background. 非语言环境包括人物、时间、地点，甚至包括整个文化背景。答案为 D。6.The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire _. A. physical situation B. grammat
28、ical structure C. mental activity D. cultural background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 语境的含义有多种。狭义上讲，语境是指一个词所在的词群、从句和句群环境，这称为语言环境，可以包括一个段落、一个章节，甚至整个一本书；广义上讲，语境还包括物理环境，这称为非语言环境，包括人物、时间、地点，甚至包括整个文化背景。答案为 D。7.Which of the following is not true about extra-linguistic context?_ A. It can be subdivided into gram
29、matical context and non-linguistic context. B. It refers to physical situation or environment relating to the use of words. C. It embraces the people, time and place. D. It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 语法语境不属于非语言环境，而是语言环境的一种。答案为 A。8.Linguistic context
30、can be subdivided into lexical context and _ context. A. words B. clauses C. grammatical D. sentences（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and grammatical context. 语言环境分为词汇语境和语法语境。答案为 C。9._ refers to the words that occur together with the word in question.
31、 A. Grammatical context B. Lexical context C. Clauses context D. Sentences context（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Lexical context refers to the words that occur together with the word in question. 词汇语境是指与讨论中的词一起出现的单词。答案为 B。10.“Do“ in “do a museum“ means “_“. A. study B. visit C. arrange D. clean（分数：1.00）A.B
32、. C.D.解析：解析 实义动词 do有很多意义，只有语境才能决定它的确切意义。do 在这里的意思是“visit(参观)”。答案为 B。11.In some cases, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is called _ context. A. non-linguistic B. lexical C. grammatical D. cultural（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 在有些情况下一个词的意义可能受其所在的结构影响。这就是我们所称的
33、语法语境。答案为 C。12.I dont know what will become of him after the war. “Become of“ means _. A. happen to, often in a bad way B. suit, befit C. begin to be D. none of the above（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 The phrase “become of“ means “happen to, often in a bad way“，意为：“发生(经常以一个不良的方式)”。题目中这句话意为：我不知道战争后他怎么样了。答案为
34、A。13.Which of the following is one of the main functions of verbal context?_ A. Elimination of ambiguity. B. Indication for referents. C. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning. D. All the above.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 语言环境有三大作用：消除歧义、限定所指和提供线索以猜测词义。答案为 D。14.The sentence “He is a hard business
35、man.“ is ambiguous due to _. A. grammatical structure B. lexical context C. homonymy D. polysemy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 由于词的多义性和同音同形异义性，歧义现象经常出现。多义词出现在不完整的语境中时，歧义就出现了，如：He is a hard businessman. 在这样的语境中，hard 一词既可以作“勤劳的”讲，又可以作“难对付的”讲。这句话的语境没能对该词的意义加以限定，所以读者难以确定其确切的含义。如果原句扩展为 He is a hard businessman
36、to deal with，就不会有误解了。答案为 D。15.When a word with multiple meanings is used in an inadequate context, this word may create _. A. semantic motivation B. degradation C. ambiguity D. extension（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 由于词的多义性和同音同形异义性，歧义现象经常出现。多义词出现在不完整的语境中时，歧义就出现了。答案为 C。16.The ambiguity in “pass the port“ i
37、s caused by _. A. lexical terms B. a grammatical structure C. homonymy D. polysemy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 题目中，pass the port 出现在不完整的语境中，而 pass一词是多义词，即 polysemy，因而产生了歧义。答案为 D。17.The sentence “I lost Bettys picture.“ is ambiguous due to _. A. grammatical context B. polysemy C. antonymy D. hyponymy（分数：1
38、.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：“I lost Bettys picture“一句出现歧义的原因是什么?词的多义性是导致歧义现象出现的一个重要原因，本题中“picture”一词既有“照片”的意思，又有“图片”等的意思，因此出现了歧义。答案为 B。18._ may prove extremely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. A. Grammar B. Context C. Pronunciation D. Ambiguity（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Context may prove ext
39、remely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. 语境在新词的意义猜测中证明是极有价值的。答案为 B。19.Context clues have _ ones in all. A. seven B. six C. eight D. five（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Context clues vary a great deal but can be summed up as follows: (1)definition; (2)explanation; (3)example; (4)synonymy; (5)an
40、tonymy; (6)hyponymy; (7)relevant detatails; (8)word structure. 可见一共包括 8个。答案为 C。20.Hints given in a context are known as _. A. referents B. clues C. ambiguity D. definition（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Hints given in a context are known as clues语境里出现的暗示叫做线索。答案为B。21.As the fighting on all fronts reached its
41、 peak, the economy neared its nadir. In the sentence, _ is applied. A. antonymy B. hyponymy C. synonymy D. word structure（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 nadir 意为“天底，最低点”，与前面的 peak(巅峰)形成对立，因此 nadir的词义可以通过 peak推测出。对立的词或陈述常用来解释未知的词，因此本句运用了反义关系，即 antonymy。答案为A。22.We may know the meaning of “geocentric“ by analy
42、zing _. A. definition B. antonymy C. word structure D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 单词的形态结构，特别是复合词和派生词为未知意义的推断提供了大量线索。由 geo-这一形式以及它在句中用于与 helio-相对，因此就不难猜出 geocentric表示的是“地心的”。这种猜测是通过分析单词的结构，得出的。答案为 C。23.In the sentence “Italian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed.“ the meaning of quattrocento can be inferred from the clue of _. A. definition B. explanation C. example D. relevant detail（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 题干译文：句子中“quattrocento”的词义是根据什么线索推测出来的?Relevant details: In some cases, the author provides details rela
