1、2008 年天津外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：44.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Thomas Hardy is a prolific writer whose works include the following except_.（分数：2.00）A.Far from the Madding CrowdB.To the Light HouseC.Under the Greenwood TreeD.Jude the Obscure2.In the first half of the 19th century Engli
2、sh drama experienced a general decline; _ two famous English playwrights revived the British theatre after this period of time.（分数：2.00）A.William Shakespeare and Christopher MarloweB.Harold Pinter and Samuel BeckettC.George Bernard Shaw and Oscar WildeD.Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg3.The three
3、most eminent novelists who represent the three phases of the Victorian novels are Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy and_.（分数：2.00）A.George MooreB.Louis StevensonC.James JoyceD.George Eliot4.Which of the following books deals with American Civil War?（分数：2.00）A.The Red Badge of CourageB.For Whom the Bell
4、TollsC.Slaughterhouse-FiveD.Catch 225.The first writer who took the vernacular as a serious way of presenting reality after Mark Twain is_.（分数：2.00）A.Robert FrostB.Ernest HemingwayC.William Carlos WilliamsD.Sherwood Anderson6.Direct treatment of the “thing“ , whether subjective or objective, is one
5、of the poetic principles advocated by_.（分数：2.00）A.ImagistsB.RealistsC.NaturalistsD.Romanticists二、填空题(总题数：7，分数：14.00)7.Geoffrey Chaucer“ s famous work 1contains 20-odd stories unified by a fictitious pilgrimage.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.In 1, Thomas More offers an ideal social system, with which people repla
6、ce tyranny with 2.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.The definition that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings“ was written by 1in 2.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.Harold Pinter, who 1, is one of the most gifted English playwrights in the post-war period.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.In his 1Benjamin Franklin c
7、reates the image of a boy“ s rise from 2to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world of America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard work and wise management.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.As a reflection of Hester Prynne“ s moral development, the 1symbolically undergoes a gra
8、dual and imperceptible change from “ 2“to “able“ and last to “angel“.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.Known as African Americans“ poet laureate, 1articulates the miseries and agonies of the blacks in face of racial discrimination.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、名词解释(总题数：3，分数：6.00)14.Briefly explain fiveonly the first Ave will
9、be assessed in case more than five answers are providedout of the following seven terms. Provide an example where you feel adequate. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)allegory（分数：2.00）_15.Oedipus Complex（分数：2.00）_16.tragedy（分数：2.00）_四、问答题(总题数：5，分数：10.00)17.Questions in this section ar
10、e set for applicants to the MA program of American _ two famous English playwrights revived the British theatre after this period of time.（分数：2.00）A.William Shakespeare and Christopher MarloweB.Harold Pinter and Samuel BeckettC.George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde D.Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg
11、解析：解析：萧伯纳和奥斯卡瓦尔德是是十九世纪下半叶有名的剧作家。3.The three most eminent novelists who represent the three phases of the Victorian novels are Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy and_.（分数：2.00）A.George MooreB.Louis StevensonC.James JoyceD.George Eliot 解析：解析：维多利亚时期小说是以 Charles Dickens，Thomas Hardy 和 George Eliot 三个人为代表的。4.
12、Which of the following books deals with American Civil War?（分数：2.00）A.The Red Badge of Courage B.For Whom the Bell TollsC.Slaughterhouse-FiveD.Catch 22解析：解析：红色英勇勋章是美国作家 Stephen Crane 的小说，描绘了美国内战的残酷。丧钟为谁而鸣是美国作家 Ernest Miller Hemingway 以西班牙内战为背景的小说。第五屠宰场是美国小说家Kurt Vonnegut 关于第二次世界大战的反战科幻小说。第二十二条军规是美国作
13、家 Joseph Heller 以第二次世界大战为背景的小说。5.The first writer who took the vernacular as a serious way of presenting reality after Mark Twain is_.（分数：2.00）A.Robert Frost B.Ernest HemingwayC.William Carlos WilliamsD.Sherwood Anderson解析：解析：美国诗人 Robert Frost 坚持用美国本土语言写作，把朴素随和、鲜活自然又具有地域特色的新英格兰口语融入了传统的抑扬格律之中，流露出浓重的乡
14、土气息。弗罗斯特被誉为“新英格兰诗人”及“美国民族诗人”。6.Direct treatment of the “thing“ , whether subjective or objective, is one of the poetic principles advocated by_.（分数：2.00）A.Imagists B.RealistsC.NaturalistsD.Romanticists解析：解析：意象主义在其宣言中提出了三大原则，分别是：1Direct treatment of thethingwhether subjective or objective；2To use abs
15、olutely no word that does not contribute to thepresentation；3As regarding rhythm：to compose in the sequence of musical phrase，not insequence of a metronome二、填空题(总题数：7，分数：14.00)7.Geoffrey Chaucer“ s famous work 1contains 20-odd stories unified by a fictitious pilgrimage.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Th
16、e Canterbury Tales）解析：8.In 1, Thomas More offers an ideal social system, with which people replace tyranny with 2.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Utopia, communalism）解析：9.The definition that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings“ was written by 1in 2.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确
17、答案：Wordsworth, Lyrical Ballads）解析：10.Harold Pinter, who 1, is one of the most gifted English playwrights in the post-war period.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2005）解析：11.In his 1Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy“ s rise from 2to riches and demonstrates h
18、is belief that the new world of America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard work and wise management.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：autobiography, poor）解析：12.As a reflection of Hester Prynne“ s moral development, the 1symbolically undergoes a gradual and imperceptible change fro
19、m “ 2“to “able“ and last to “angel“.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：scarlet letter A, adultery）解析：13.Known as African Americans“ poet laureate, 1articulates the miseries and agonies of the blacks in face of racial discrimination.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：Langston Hughes）解析：三、名词解释(总题数：3，分数：6.00)14.Brie
20、fly explain fiveonly the first Ave will be assessed in case more than five answers are providedout of the following seven terms. Provide an example where you feel adequate. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)allegory（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Allegory is a story or visual image with a second
21、 distinct meaning partially hidden behind its literal or visible meaning. The principal technique of allegory is personification, whereby abstract qualities are given human shape. An allegory may be conceived as a metaphor that is extended into a structured system. In written narrative, allegory inv
22、olves a continuous parallel between two(or more)levels of meaning in a story, so that its persons and events correspond to their equivalents in a system of ideas or a chain of events external to the tale: each character and episode in John Bunyan“ s The Pilgrim“ s Progress, for example, embodies an
23、idea within a pre-existing Puritan doctrine of salvation. Allegories are often moral, religious, or political.)解析：15.Oedipus Complex（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Oedipus Complex is a Freudian term originating from a Greek tragedy, in which King Oedipus unknowingly killed his father and married his mother. Oe
24、dipus Complex is a group of largely unconscious(dynamically repressed)ideas and feelings which centre around the desire to possess the parent of the opposite sex and eliminate the parent of the same sex. D. H. Lawrence described this complex in his novel Son and Lovers, in which the son has passion
25、toward his mother and desire to posses to her.)解析：16.tragedy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Tragedy is a serious play(or by extension, a novel)representing the disastrous downfall of a central character, the protagonist. Unlike comedy, tragedy depicts the actions of a central character that is usually dignifie
26、d or heroic. The tragic effect usually depends on our awareness of admirable qualitiesmanifest or potentialin the protagonist, which are wasted terribly in the fated disaster. The most painfully tragic plays, like Shakespeare“ s King Lear, display a disproportion in scale between the protagonist“ s
27、initial error and the overwhelming destruction with which it is punished.)解析：四、问答题(总题数：5，分数：10.00)17.Questions in this section are set for applicants to the MA program of American and the lady is an imagined persona of the poet. The whole poem and other images are extended from this image. The poem
28、is a dramatic representation of the passage from this world of the living to the afterlife. In the first stanza, the gentleman has called on persona as a beau; and, like a true gentleman, he has included, “Immortality“ as an image of a chaperone. The second stanza indicates the peacefulness and plea
29、santness surrounding an appointment with a beau. By the third stanza, they are nearing the edge of town. Rich images are used. The seemingly disparate elements of children, “Gazing Grain“ , and “Setting Sun“ , the sensations that dying lady experiences, are transferred to these parts of the world. S
30、he is gazing, and the notion is transferred to the grain; she is “setting“ , and this notion is transferred to the sun. The mention of children “striving“ at recess is a subtle preparation for the stasis, or lack of motion, described in the succeeding images. In addition, the three elements summariz
31、e the progress and passage of a lifetime. It includes the three states of youth, maturity, and age, the cycle of day from morning to evening, and even a suggestion of seasonal progression from spring through ripening to decline. In the fourth stanza, the lady is getting closer to death; for “The Dew
32、s“ now grow “quivering and chill“ upon her skin, the traditional associations of the coldness of death. Her tippet made of lace is something one might expect to see around the shoulders of a deceased woman lying in repose. In the fifth stanza, they have arrived at a country cemetery. The House is a
33、fresh grave. The roof is a small tombstone; and the cornice, the molding around a coffin“ s lid, is already placed “ in the Ground“. The lady is alone now; her gentleman friend has vanished unexplained. In the sixth stanza it was not until after the school children, the “Gazing Grain“ , the “Setting
34、 Sun“ , and the “Swelling of the Ground“ that she began to realize where she was heading. She had, therefore, apparently been tricked, seduced, and then abandoned.)解析：解析：(本题考查了对艾米丽狄金森诗歌的掌握，可结合一首诗歌对其中的意象进行分析。)20.In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams successfully portrays a family of escapists. E
35、xplain how the theme of escapism is developed in this play.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams uses the theme of escape to help drive the play forward. None of the characters are capable of living in the real world. Laura, Amanda, Tom and Jim use various methods to escape
36、 the brutalities of life. The fire escape helps develop the theme of the story. This entrance into the apartment provides a different purpose for each of the characters. The fire escape allows Tom the opportunity to escape the apartment and get away from his nagging mother. Amanda sees the fire esca
37、pe as an opportunity for gentleman callers to enter their lives. Laura“ s view is different from her mother and her brother. Her escape seems to be hiding inside the apartment, not out. Laura finds herself escaping at every turn. She induces sickness in her typing class and even as a gentleman calle
38、r waits in the living room. Another escape for Laura is her glass menagerie. Her collection of glass represents her own private world set apart from reality, a place where can hide and be safe. Even when it appears that Laura is finally overcoming her shyness with Jim, she is unable to cope with rea
39、lity and she escapes back into her fantasy world of old records and glass figurines. Amanda is obsessed with her past, and uses it to escape reality, as she constantly reminds Tom and Laura of the time she received seventeen gentlemen callers. She refuses to acknowledge that her daughter is crippled
40、 and refers to her handicap as “a little defect hardly noticeable“. A-manda doesn“ t perceive anything realistically. She believes that Jim is going to be the man to rescue Laura. When Jim arrives, Amanda regresses to the childish, giddy days of entertaining gentleman callers. Amanda uses her past a
41、s a means to escape the reality she does not want to face. Tom escapes reality in many different ways. The first and most obvious is the fire escape that leads him away from his unhappy home. He also escapes into his world of poetry writing and movies. The more Amanda nags, the more Tom seems to nee
42、d his movie escapes. They take him to another world, where mothers, sisters, and runaway father do not exist. It is getting harder and harder for Tom to escape real life. Amanda eventually pushes him over the edge and he leaves. Unfortunately, Tom realizes that leaving home was not the true escape h
43、e wanted all along. Jim uses his past as a means of escape. Only by entering into the Wingfield“ s world can Jim become this high school hero again. Unlike the Wingfields, Jim lives only temporarily in the past, therefore he leaves the dream world of the Wingfields. Mr. Wingfield is the ultimate sym
44、bol of escape. This is because he has managed to remove himself from the desperate situation that the rest of the family is still living in. Tennesse Williams uses the theme of escape throughout his play to demonstrate the hopelessness of each character. Tom, Laura, and Amanda all seem to think esca
45、pe is possible. In the end however, no character can completely escape their illusionary world. Perhaps Williams is trying to send a message that running away is not the way to solve life“ s problems. The only escape in life is solving your problem, not avoiding them.)解析：解析：(本题考查了对田纳西威廉斯逃离主题的掌握。)21.
46、Marxist literary criticism, psychoanalytic criticism, deconstruction and feminist criticism are some of the popular approaches that Chinese students take in the study of literature. Try to explain any one of the four approaches to literature.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Feminist criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theory or by the politics of feminism more broadly. Its history has been broad and varied, from classic works of nineteenth-century women authors such a
