1、2010 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：66.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.point of view（分数：2.00）_2.Transcendentalism（分数：2.00）_3.heroic couplet（分数：2.00）_4.dramatic monologue（分数：2.00）_5.symbolism（分数：2.00）_6.short story（分数：2.00）_7.reader-response criticism（分数：2.00）_8.antagonist（分数：2.00）_9.postmode
2、rnism（分数：2.00）_10.metaphor（分数：2.00）_二、分析题(总题数：11，分数：46.00)11.Highlight Nobel Prize Laureate Eugene O“Neill.（分数：2.00）_12.Analyze W.B. Yeats“ literary style.（分数：2.00）_13.Analyze with textual examples the literary features of American Southern Literature.（分数：2.00）_The hero of this great history appears
3、 with very bad omens. A little tale of so low a kind that some may think it not worth their notice. A word or two concerning a squire, and more relating to a gamekeeper and a schoolmaster.As we determined, when we first sat down to write this history, to flatter no man, but to guide our pen througho
4、ut by the directions of truth, we are obliged to bring our hero on the stage in a much more disadvantageous manner than we could wish; and to declare honestly, even at his first appearance, that it was the universal opinion of all Mr. Allworthy“s family that he was certainly born to be hanged.Indeed
5、, I am sorry to say there was too much reason for this conjecture; the lad having from his earliest years discovered a propensity to many vices, and especially to one which hath as direct a tendency as any other to that fate which we have just now observed to have been prophetically denounced agains
6、t him; he had been already convicted of three robberies, viz. , of robbing an orchard, of stealing a duck out of a farmer“s yard, and of picking Master Blifil“s pocket of a ball.The vices of this young man were, moreover, heightened by the disadvantageous light in which they appeared when opposed to
7、 the virtues of Master Blifil, his companion; a youth of so different a cast from little Jones, that not only the family but all the neighbourhood resounded his praises. He was, indeed, a lad of a remarkable disposition; sober, discreet, and pious beyond his age; qualities which gained him the love
8、of every one who knew him: while Tom Jones was universally disliked; and many expressed their wonder that Mr. Airworthy would suffer such a lad to be educated with his nephew, lest the morals of the latter should be corrupted by his example.Questions:（分数：8.00）(1).Identify the author and the work fro
9、m which the passages are selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).How do you understand the comments at the beginning of each chapter?（分数：2.00）_(3).What is the relationship between the structure of the story and titular protagonist“s growing process of gaining knowledge?（分数：2.00）_(4).What are the author“s contributio
10、ns to the theory of novel?（分数：2.00）_To speak truly, few adult persons can see nature. Most persons do not see the sun. At least they have a very superficial seeing. The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and the heart of the child. The lover of nature is he whose inward
11、 and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other, who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood. His intercourse with heaven and earth becomes part of his daily food. In the presence of nature, a wild delight runs through the man, in spite of real sorrows. Nature says
12、,he is my creature, and maugre all his impertinent griefs, he shall be glad with me. Not the sun or the summer alone, but every hour and season yields its tribute of delight; for every hour and change corresponds to and authorizes a different state of mind, from breathless noon to grimmest midnight.
13、 Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece. In good health, the air is a cordial of incredible virtue. Crossing a bare common in snow puddles, at twilight, under a clouded sky, without having in my thoughts any occurrence of special good fortune, I have enjoyed a perfect
14、 exhilaration. I am glad to the brink of fear. In the woods too, a man casts off his years, as the snake his slough, and at what period soever of life, is always a child. In the woods, is perpetual youth. Within these plantations of God, a decorum and sanctity reign, a perennial festival is dressed,
15、 and the guest sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years. In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There I feel that nothing can befall me in lifeno disgrace, no calamity(leaving me my eyes)which nature cannot repair. Standing on the bare groundmy head bathed by the blithe air, and
16、 uplifted into infinite spaceall mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. The name of the nearest friend sounds then foreign and accidental: to be brothers, to be acquainta
17、ncesmaster or servant, is then a trifle and a disturbance. I am the lover of uncontained and immortal beauty. In the wilderness, I find something more dear and connate than in streets or villages. In the tranquil landscape, and especially in the distant line of the horizon, man beholds somewhat as b
18、eautiful as his own nature. Questions:（分数：4.00）(1).In the line “I become a transparent eye-ball; I am nothing; I see all“ , why the eye-ball is transparent?（分数：2.00）_(2).Compare and contrast Emerson and British Romanticism.（分数：2.00）_TRENCH: I have no objection to sit down and listen; but I don“t see
19、 how that can make black white; and I am tired of being turned on as if I were in the wrong.He sits down. Cokane sits at his elbow, on his right. They compose themselves for a conference.SARTORIUS: I assume, to begin with, Dr. Trench, that you are not a socialist, or anything of that sort.TRENCH: Ce
20、rtainly not. I“m a Conservativeat least, if I ever took the trouble to vote, I should vote for the Conservative and against the other fellow.COKANE: True blue. Harry, true blue!SARTORIUS; I am glad to find that so far we are in perfect sympathy. I am, of course, a Conservative; not a narrow or preju
21、diced one, I hope, nor at all opposed to true progress, but still a sound Conservative. As to Lickcheese, I need say no more about him than that I have dismissed him from my service this morning for a breach of trust; and you will hardly accept his testimony as friendly or disinterested. As to my bu
22、siness, it is simply to provide homes suited to the small means of very poor people, who require roofs to shelter them just like other people. Do you suppose I can keep up those roofs for nothing?TRENCH: Yes: that“s all very fine; but the point is, what sort of homes do you give them for their money
23、? People must live somewhere, or else go to jail. Advantage is taken of that to make them pay for houses that are not fit for dogs. Why don“t you build proper dwellings, and give fair value for the money you take?SARTORIUS:pitying his innocenceMy young friend, these poor people do not know how to li
24、ve in proper dwellings: they would wreck them in a week. You doubt me; try it for yourself. You are welcome to replace all the missing bannisters, handrails, cistern lids and dusthole tops at your own expense; and you will find them missing again in less than three daysburnt, sir, every stick of the
25、m. I do not blame the poor creatures: they need fires, and often have no other way of getting them. But I really cannot spend pound after pound in repairs for them to pull down, when I can barely get them to pay me four and sixpence a week for a room, which is the recognized fair London rent. No, ge
26、ntlemen; when people are very poor, you cannot help them, no matter how much you may sympathize with them. It does them more harm than good in the long run. I prefer to save my money in order to provide additional houses for the homeless, and to lay by a little for Blanche.He looks at them. They are
27、 silent; Trench unconvinced, but talked down; Cokane humanely perplexed. Sartorius bends his brows; comes forward in his chair as if gathering himself together for a spring; and addresses himself, with impressive significance, to Trench.And now, Dr. Trench, may I ask what your income is derived from
28、?TRENCH;defiantlyFrom interestnot from houses. My hands are clean as far as that goes. Interest on a mortgage.SARTORIUS;forciblyYes, a mortgage on my property. When I, to use your own words, screw, and bully, and drive these people to pay what they have freely undertaken to pay me, I cannot touch on
29、e penny of the money they give me until I have first paid you your 700 out of it. What Lickcheese did for me, I do for you. He and I are alike intermediaries: you are the principal. It is because of the risks I run through the poverty of my tenants that you exact interest from me at the monstrous an
30、d exorbitant rate of seven per cent, forcing me to exact the uttermost farthing in my turn from the tenants. And yet, Dr. Trench, you have not hesitated to speak contemptuously of me because I have applied my industry and forethought to the management of our property, and am maintaining it by the sa
31、me honorable means. Questions:（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the work from which the passages are selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).Comment on the features of the dramatist.（分数：2.00）_(3).Analyze the lines quoted above in terms of the playwright“s artistic view.（分数：2.00）_“Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs.
32、 Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some o
33、f his servants are to be in the house by the end of next week.“What is his name?“Bingley. “Is he married or single?“ Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune, four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!“How so? How can it affect them?“ My dear Mr. Bennet,“ re
34、plied his wife,“ How can you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them. “Is that his design in settling here?“Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he come
35、s. “I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better; for, as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party. “My dear, you flatter me. I certainly have had my share of beauty, but I do
36、not pretend to be any thing extraordinary now. When a woman has five grown up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty. “ In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of. “ But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes into the neighbourhood. “It
37、 is more than I engage for, I assure you. “ But consider your daughters. Only think what an establishment it would be for one of them. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to go, merely on that account, for in general, you know they visit no new comers. Indeed you must go, for it will be imposs
38、ible for us to visit him, if you do not. “Questions:（分数：4.00）(1).Comment on the personality of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet.（分数：2.00）_(2).Compare and contrast the author with Mark Twain.（分数：2.00）_During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively
39、low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country; and at length found myself, as the shades of the evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it wasbut, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insuf
40、ferable gloom pervaded my spirit. I say insufferable; for the feeling was unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable, because poetic, sentiment, with which the mind usually receives even the sternest natural images of the desolate or terrible. I looked upon the scene before meupon the mere house, an
41、d the simple landscape features of the domainupon the bleak wallsupon the vacant eye-like windowsupon a few rank sedgesand upon a few white trunks of decayed treeswith an utter depression of soul which I can compare to no earthly sensation more properly than to the after dream of the reveller upon o
42、piumthe bitter lapse into everyday lifethe hideous dropping off of the veil. There was an iciness, a sinking, a sickening of the heartan unredeemed dreariness of thought which no goading of the imagination could torture into aught of the sublime. What was itI paused to thinkwhat was it that so unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of Usher? It was a mystery all insoluble; nor could I grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered. I was forced to fall back upon the unsatisfactory conc
