1、2015 年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.GMO（分数：2.00）_3.CFR（分数：2.00）_4.ISBN（分数：2.00）_AI_6.BSE（分数：2.00）_7.DNA（分数：2.00）_8.GMS（分数：2.00）_9.IMF（分数：2.00）_10.NGO（分数：2.00）_11.UNSCO（分数：2.00）_12.the apple of ones eye（分数：2.00）_13.the writing on the wall（分数：2.00）_14.price f
2、loor（分数：2.00）_15.variable cost（分数：2.00）_16.Chancellor of the Exchequer（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.易经（分数：2.00）_19.雾霾指数（分数：2.00）_20.中国译协（分数：2.00）_21.清真食品（分数：2.00）_22.城际列车（分数：2.00）_23.联络口译（分数：2.00）_24.海洋性气候（分数：2.00）_25.国家发改委（分数：2.00）_26.粗放型经济（分数：2.00）_27.翻译硕士专业学位（分数：2.00）_28.防止核扩散条约（分数：2.00）_29.中国海洋石油总公司（分数：2.
3、00）_30.(网络新词)不作死就不会死（分数：2.00）_31.中国外交部新闻发言人（分数：2.00）_32.科教兴国战略和人才强国战略（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.For some time past I had been ascending a low, broad, flat-topped hill, and on forcing my way through the undergrowth into the open I found myself on the level plateau, an unenclosed spot ov
4、ergrown with heather and scattered furze bushes, with clumps of fir and birch trees. Before me and on either hand at this elevation a vast extent of country was disclosed. The surface was everywhere broken, but there was no break in the wonderful greenness, which the recent rain had intensified. The
5、re is too much green, to my thinking, with too much uniformity in its soft, bright tone, in South Devon. After gazing on such a landscape the brown, harsh, scanty vegetation of the hilltop seemed all the more grateful. The heath was an oasis and a refuge; I rambled about in it until my feet and legs
6、 were wet; then I sat down to let them dry and altogether spent several agreeable hours at that spot, pleased at the thought that no human fellow-creature would intrude upon me. Feathered companions were, however, not wanting. The crowing of cock pheasants from the thicket beside the old road warned
7、 me that I was on preserved grounds. Not too strictly preserved, however, for there was my old friend the carrion crow out foraging for his young. He dropped down over the trees, swept past me, and was gone. At this season, in the early summer, he may be easily distinguished, when flying, from his r
8、elation the rook (白嘴鸭). When on the prowl the crow glides smoothly and rapidly through the air, often changing his direction, now flying close to the surface, anon mounting high, but oftenest keeping nearly on a level with the tree tops. His gliding and curving motions are somewhat like those of the
9、 herring gull, but the wings in gliding are carried stiff and straight, the tips of the long flight-feathers showing a slight upward curve. But the greatest difference is in the way the head is carried. The rook, like the heron and stork, carries his beak pointing lance-like straight before him. He
10、knows his destination, and makes for it; he follows his nose, so to speak, turning neither to the right nor the left. The foraging crow continually turns his head, gull-like and harrier (猎兔狗) -like, from side to side, as if to search the ground thoroughly or to concentrate his vision on some vaguely
11、 seen object. (404 words)（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.沙博理给自己取了中文名字“沙博理”，意思是“博学明理”。19511966 年间，沙博理共翻译了111 部作品，发表在中国文学，总计 3237 页。“文革”十年里，沙博理翻译了他最具影响力的水浒传，甚至把他卷入了一场同“四人帮”的斗争。据他回忆，他的译本书名原为 Heroes of the Marsh，可是“四人帮”觉得水浒传里的人物不能标榜为“heroes”，要他更换书名。沙博理提出用outlaws，看似贬义，他仍然认为是褒义的，可以应付“四人帮”。这个水浒传译本为沙博理赢得了极大声誉，他为此荣获中国文联
12、颁发的“翻译终身成就奖”。 沙博理在青年时代接受的是美国教育，他的社会价值观和审美观自然带有美国特色。他后来的生活受到中国文化的影响，他的自传和发言都流露出对中国的热爱，沙博理在其自传中说：“凤子对我而言不仅仅是妻子，她是中国不可分割的一部分，是流淌在中国和我之间一条不断的溪流，其间流淌着一个民族、一个文化、一个社会的精髓”。(384 字)（分数：2.00）_2015 年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.GMO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：转基因生物(genetica
13、lly modified organism)解析：3.CFR（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：成本加运费(Cost and Freight)解析：4.ISBN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际标准图书编号(International Standard Book Number)解析：AI_正确答案：(正确答案：人工智能(Artificial Intelligence)解析：6.BSE（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：牛脑海绵状病，俗称疯牛病(Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)解析：7.DNA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：脱氧
14、核糖核酸(Deoxyribonucleic acid)解析：8.GMS（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：谷歌移动服务(Google Mobile Service)解析：9.IMF（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)解析：10.NGO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：非政府组织(NonGovernmental Organization)解析：11.UNSCO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational，Scientific，and C
15、ultural Organization)解析：12.the apple of ones eye（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：掌上明珠)解析：13.the writing on the wall（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：凶兆；不祥之兆)解析：14.price floor（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：价格下限)解析：15.variable cost（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：变动成本)解析：16.Chancellor of the Exchequer（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：财政大臣)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.易经（分数
16、：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Book of Changes)解析：19.雾霾指数（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：haze index)解析：20.中国译协（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Translators Association of China(TAC)解析：21.清真食品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Halal Food)解析：22.城际列车（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Intercity trains)解析：23.联络口译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：liaison interpreting)解析：24.海洋性气
17、候（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：maritime climate)解析：25.国家发改委（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：National Development and Reform Commission)解析：26.粗放型经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：extensive economy)解析：27.翻译硕士专业学位（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Master of Translation and Interpreting(MTI)解析：28.防止核扩散条约（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Treaty on the Non-Prolif
18、eration of Nuclear Weapons)解析：29.中国海洋石油总公司（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC)解析：30.(网络新词)不作死就不会死（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：no zuo no dieIf you dont do stupid things，they wont come back and bite you in the ass)解析：31.中国外交部新闻发言人（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese Foreign Ministry sp
19、okesman)解析：32.科教兴国战略和人才强国战略（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through human resource development)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.For some time past I had been ascending a low, broad, flat-to
20、pped hill, and on forcing my way through the undergrowth into the open I found myself on the level plateau, an unenclosed spot overgrown with heather and scattered furze bushes, with clumps of fir and birch trees. Before me and on either hand at this elevation a vast extent of country was disclosed.
21、 The surface was everywhere broken, but there was no break in the wonderful greenness, which the recent rain had intensified. There is too much green, to my thinking, with too much uniformity in its soft, bright tone, in South Devon. After gazing on such a landscape the brown, harsh, scanty vegetati
22、on of the hilltop seemed all the more grateful. The heath was an oasis and a refuge; I rambled about in it until my feet and legs were wet; then I sat down to let them dry and altogether spent several agreeable hours at that spot, pleased at the thought that no human fellow-creature would intrude up
23、on me. Feathered companions were, however, not wanting. The crowing of cock pheasants from the thicket beside the old road warned me that I was on preserved grounds. Not too strictly preserved, however, for there was my old friend the carrion crow out foraging for his young. He dropped down over the
24、 trees, swept past me, and was gone. At this season, in the early summer, he may be easily distinguished, when flying, from his relation the rook (白嘴鸭). When on the prowl the crow glides smoothly and rapidly through the air, often changing his direction, now flying close to the surface, anon mountin
25、g high, but oftenest keeping nearly on a level with the tree tops. His gliding and curving motions are somewhat like those of the herring gull, but the wings in gliding are carried stiff and straight, the tips of the long flight-feathers showing a slight upward curve. But the greatest difference is
26、in the way the head is carried. The rook, like the heron and stork, carries his beak pointing lance-like straight before him. He knows his destination, and makes for it; he follows his nose, so to speak, turning neither to the right nor the left. The foraging crow continually turns his head, gull-li
27、ke and harrier (猎兔狗) -like, from side to side, as if to search the ground thoroughly or to concentrate his vision on some vaguely seen object. (404 words)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 相当长一段时间，我一直在攀登一座低矮宽阔的平顶小山；当我拨开灌丛，又出现在空地时，我已置身于一片平坦高地，四面空旷，石南与零星荆豆杂生，其间也有几处稠密的冷杉桦木。在我面前以及高地两侧，弥望尽是一带旷野。那田垄地亩时有中断，唯独那惊人的青葱翠绿绵延
28、不绝，由于新近降雨丰沛，那绿色愈发浓烈。依我看，南德文郡里的绿色未免过多，色调的柔和与亮度也过趋单一。在眼睛饱餍这种景色之后，山顶上那些棕褐刺目的稀疏草木反而给人一种爽心怡目之感。这块石楠地宛如一片绿洲与趋避之地；我在那里漫步许久，一直弄得腿脚淋湿；然后坐下来等脚晒干，就这样在这里愉快地度过了几个小时，高兴的是这里再没有人前来打搅。不过鸟类友伴并不缺乏。路边丛林间一只雄雉的鸣叫似乎已在警告我说我已闯入了禁猎地带。或许这里的禁猎并不严格，因为我看到我所熟识的乌鸦出来为它的幼雏觅食。它在树上稍停了停，接着掠我而过，不见了踪影。在这个季节，即初夏时期，当飞起时，很容易区分乌鸦与它的近亲白嘴鸭。前者觅
29、食时，在空中流畅而迅速的滑过，并不断地改变着方向，时而贴近地面，继而又升得很高，但一般保持着约与树齐的高度。它的滑翔与转弯动作与鲱鱼鸥略相似，只是滑翔时翅膀挺得直直，那长长的飞羽尖端呈现一条稍稍上翘的曲线。但最主要的区别在于飞行时的头部姿势。白嘴鸭，像苍鹭与鹤，总是将长矛般的利喙笔直地伸向前面。飞行时，它方向明确，毫不犹豫；直着飞，既不左顾，也不右盼。而那觅食的乌鸦则不停地转动头部，像海鸥或猎兔狗那样，忽而这边，忽而那边，仿佛在对地面进行彻底搜查，或集中其视力于某个模糊难辨的事物。)解析：解析： 本文选自威廉.亨利.赫德逊(William Henry Hudson)的散文林鸟(Birds)。英国博物学家兼作家赫德逊自幼酷爱自然，尤其喜欢观察鸟类的生活习惯，他的
