1、华中师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2013年及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)A1.Chevrolet （分数：1.00）_2.Nokia （分数：1.00）_3.Greyhound （分数：1.00）_4.International Herald Tribune （分数：1.00）_5.The Merchant of Venice （分数：1.00）_6.Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) （分数：1.00）_7.Out of Africa （分数：1.00）_8.Roman Holidays （分数：
2、1.00）_9.The Lion King （分数：1.00）_10.The Women Warrior （分数：1.00）_11.Play Boy （分数：1.00）_12.New Yorker （分数：1.00）_13.Fortune （分数：1.00）_14.Olay （分数：1.00）_15.Starbucks （分数：1.00）_B16.本地化 （分数：1.00）_17.时间表 （分数：1.00）_18.审校 （分数：1.00）_19.钉子户 （分数：1.00）_20.房产证 （分数：1.00）_21.商品房 （分数：1.00）_22.停车位 （分数：1.00）_23.物业税 （分数
3、：1.00）_24.社会保障体系 （分数：1.00）_25.人才战略 （分数：1.00）_26.廉租房 （分数：1.00）_27.强国战略 （分数：1.00）_28.人才政策 （分数：1.00）_29.高雅艺术 （分数：1.00）_30.秒杀 （分数：1.00）_31.A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had bec
4、ome less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946, for the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males. Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than women, drink more and take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered (usually by other men) three times as of
5、ten as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate and have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities. Men drivers! But behavior doesn“t explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer. In the 1950s, as hear
6、t disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure in the corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line office, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral. Between 1950 and 1985, the
7、 percentage of employed women in the United States nearly doubled. Those working women, several studies have found, are as healthy as women at home. （分数：30.00）_32.In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propit
8、iate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following catego
9、ry, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife, to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies t
10、he failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper familythey need children to enrich the
11、circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. （分数：30.00）_33.这本中国文化读本的出版正当其时。全书不仅对中国文化一些有特色的内容和亮点做了具体生动的介绍，而且力求讲出中国文化的精神，讲出中国文化的内在意味，讲出中国文化的核心价值，力求进一步展示中国人的心灵世界、文化性格、生活态度和审美情趣，并注意发掘中国文化中具有普世价值的意义世界。他们希望这本读物不仅能向国内外读者通俗地介绍中国文化，而且能提供一个新颖的视角来对中国文化进行有深度的认识。只有这种
12、有深度的认识，才能照亮中国文化的本来面貌。我赞同他们的这种努力和追求。 该书写得有声有色，读起来有“活的风味”。书中写到了紫禁城、天坛、兵马俑、民居建筑等一处处有形实物，又写到了书法、绘画、园林、京剧、瓷器等一件件艺术作品。 （分数：60.00）_华中师范大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI考试真题 2013年答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)A1.Chevrolet （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：雪佛兰2.Nokia （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：诺基亚3.Greyhound （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：美国灰狗长途汽车4.International
13、 Herald Tribune （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：国际先驱论坛报5.The Merchant of Venice （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：威尼斯商人6.Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：东南亚国家联盟7.Out of Africa （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：走出非洲8.Roman Holidays （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：罗马假日9.The Lion King （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：狮子王10.The Wome
14、n Warrior （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：女战士11.Play Boy （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：花花公子12.New Yorker （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：纽约客13.Fortune （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：财富14.Olay （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：玉兰油15.Starbucks （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：星巴克B16.本地化 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：localization17.时间表 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：time-table18.审校 （分数：1.00）_正
15、确答案：()解析：proofreading19.钉子户 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：nail household (a Chinese term for those who refuse to give up the house or land when it is called for by the government)20.房产证 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：property ownership certificate21.商品房 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：commercial residential building22.停车位 （分数：1.00）
16、_正确答案：()解析：parking lot23.物业税 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：property tax24.社会保障体系 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：the social security system25.人才战略 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：talent strategy26.廉租房 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：low-rent house27.强国战略 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：strategy of invigorating the country28.人才政策 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：personn
17、el policy29.高雅艺术 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：high art30.秒杀 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：()解析：seckill31.A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. But in the 20th century, women began living longer, primarily because pregnancy and childbirth had become less dangerous. The gap grew steadily. In 1946, fo
18、r the first time ever in the United States, females outnumbered males. Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. Men smoke more than women, drink more and take more life-threatening chances. Men are murdered (usually by other men) three times as often as women are. They commit suicide at a higher rate
19、 and have more than twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. Men are more likely to be involved in alcohol-related fatalities. Men drivers! But behavior doesn“t explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer. In the 1950s, as heart disease claimed more and more male victims, pressure
20、 in the corporate boardroom was blamed. Let women venture out of the home and into the line office, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral. Between 1950 and 1985, the percentage of employed women in the United States nea
21、rly doubled. Those working women, several studies have found, are as healthy as women at home. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：一个世纪以前，美国男人的数量和寿命都超过女人。但到了 20世纪，女人开始活得更长，这主要是因为怀孕与分娩的危险降低了。这种差距一直在扩大。到 1946年，美国的女性人数首次超过了男性。 究其原因，一部分是其咎由自取。男人吸烟多，酗酒也多，遭遇凶险的机会也多。男人遇害(通常是其他男人所为)的案例数是女人的三倍之多。他们自杀的比率较高，因车祸死于非命的也比女人多出倍有余
22、。男人更易招致酒后身亡的事故。且看男人开车! 但是行为说明不了长寿的差距，工作紧张也不应成为其理由。在 20世纪 50年代，死于心脏病的男性越来越多，人们往往把这归咎于公司董事会给的压力太大。医生都说了，让妇女大胆走出家门，走上“火线”，她们的死亡率也会向男人的看齐。不过在“送终”的路上发生了一件怪事。在 1950年到 1985年间，美国就业妇女的比率几乎增长了一倍。但各种研究资料表明，这些职业妇女与家庭妇女一样健康。 解析 A century ago American men outnumbered and outlived the women. 这句话中出现了“outnumbered”和“
23、outlived”两个动词，前者表示“数量上超过”，后者表示“寿命长度上超过”，因此翻译时合并在一起译为“数量和寿命都超过”。 一个世纪以前，美国男人的数量和寿命都超过女人。 Part of the reasons are self-inflicted. 通读文章，我们能够明显感觉到作者对于男性这部分原因的态度，是一种指责的语气，因此翻译“self-inflicted”这个词语的时候，使用了较为贬义的“咎由自取”，虽然语气重了些，但确实是作者想要表达的含义。 究其原因，一部分是其咎由自取。 They commit suicide at a higher rate and have more t
24、han twice as many fatal car accidents as women do. 这句话翻译时需要注意的是对表示倍数的数量词的翻译。这里的倍数关系为“twice as many as”也就是男性自杀的概率是女性的两倍，可以译为“A 是 B的两倍”，也可以像参考译文那样译为“A 比 B多出一倍”。 他们自杀的比率较高，因车祸死于非命的也比女人多出一倍有余。 But behavior doesn“t explain away the longevity gap. Nor is stress the answer. 英文中有许多使用倒装结构的情况，“Nor be”这个结构就经常使
25、用。由于这里阐述的含义是这两个因素都不是长寿差距的原因，因此翻译时可将两个简单句合并为一句话。 但是行为说明不了长寿的差距，工作紧张也不应成为其理由。 Let women venture out of the home and into the line office, doctors said, and they would begin dying at the same rate as men. 这句话是调侃医生的观点的，且医生作为整句话的发言人，按照中文习惯要放在句首，因此将“doctors said”(医生都说了)提前至句首。根据之前医生认为是办公室的压力造成了男性寿命的缩短，可以看出
26、他们将办公室看作了危险的地方，因此可将“into the line office”译为“火线”。“at the same rate as men”指的是死亡率会持平，这里使用了较为幽默的语言“向看齐”，译出了原文幽默的风格。 医生都说了，让妇女大胆走出家门，走上“火线”，她们的死亡率也会向男人的看齐。 But a funny thing happened on the way to the funeral. 这句话中的“funny”并非是字面含义的“好笑、滑稽”，而是表示“奇怪”的含义。因此“funny thing”可译为“怪事”。 不过在“送终”的路上发生了一件怪事。32.In some s
27、ocieties people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have
28、been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife, to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number
29、 of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very insti
30、tution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper familythey need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：传宗接代，光宗耀祖，博取祖辈的欢心，并维系礼仪。此类理由在现代世俗化的社会中似显苍白，但它们在其他地方曾一度并确实仍是强有力的理由。 此外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是：生儿育女是为着维系或改善婚姻能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不至于无所事事；修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力；多子多孙，以为家庭幸福维系于此。这一点更可能因为其相反情形而得以凸显：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女(或无法生育男孩)对婚姻可能构成一种威胁，并且
