1、管理类专业学位联考（英语）-试卷 1及答案解析(总分：148.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section II ClozeDirections: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choices the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（分数：40.00）_The United States has historicall
2、y had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage【1】in the United Statesabout 9 new marriages for every 1,000 peopleis【2】higher than it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is【3】as widespread as it was several decades ago.【4】o
3、f American adults who are married【5】from 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002. This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried【6】their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some【7】in their lives. Experts【8】that about the same proportio
4、n of todays young adults will eventually marry. The timing of marriage has varied【9】over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the【10】of their first marriage was 25. The average age of men was about 27. Men and women in the United States marry【11】the first time a
5、t an average of five years later than people.【12】in the 1950 s.【13】, young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous【14】in U.S. history. Today“s later age of marriage is【15】the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940.【16】, a greater proportion of the population was married(95 percent)
6、during the 1950s than at any time before【17】. Experts do not agree on【18】the “marriage rush“ of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a【19】to the return of peaceful life and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic【20】and war.（分数：40.00）A.ratioB.rate
7、C.percentageD.pollA.potentiallyB.intentionallyC.substantiallyD.randomlyA.not any longerB.no moreC.not any moreD.no longerA.The proportionB.A proportionC.The numberD.A numberA.deterioratedB.declinedC.deducedD.demolishedA.pastB.passingC.throughoutD.throughA.periodB.levelC.pointD.respectA.projectB.plan
8、C.promiseD.proposeA.unexpectedlyB.irregularlyC.flexiblyD.consistentlyA.timeB.yearC.stageD.ageA.atB.inC.ofD.forA.doB.didC.marryD.marriedA.BesidesB.HoweverC.WhereasD.NeverthelessA.descendantsB.ascendantsC.generationD.populationA.in line withB.according toC.based onD.caused byA.MoreoverB.LikewiseC.Simi
9、larlyD.ThereforeA.and afterB.or afterC.ever sinceD.or sinceA.whyB.howC.whenD.whatA.refusalB.realizationC.realityD.responseA.repressionB.aggressionC.depressionD.restriction二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)2.Section III Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the
10、 questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（分数：10.00）_Office jobs are among the positions hardest hit by compumation. Word processors and typists will lose about 93,000 jobs over the next few years, while 57,000 secretarial jobs will vanish. Blame the
11、 PC Today, many executives type their own memos and carry their “secretaries“ in the palms of their hands. Time is also hard for stock clerks, whose ranks are expected to decrease by 68,000. And employees in manufacturing firms and wholesalers are being replaced with computerized systems. But not ev
12、eryone who loses a job will end up in the unemployment line. Many will shift to growing positions within their own companies. When new technologies shook up the telecomm business, telephone operator Judy Dougherty pursued retraining. She is now a communications technician, earning about $64,000 per
13、year. Of course, if you“ve been a tollbooth collector for the past 30 years, and you find yourself replaced by an E-ZPass machine, it may be of little consolation(安慰) to know that the telecomm field is booming. And that“s just it: The service economy is fading; welcome to the expertise economy. To s
14、ucceed in the new job market, you must be able to handle complex problems. Indeed, all but one of the 50 highest-paying occupations-air-traffic controller-demand at least a bachelor“s degree. For those with just a high school diploma, it“s going to get tougher to find a well-paying job. Since fewer
15、factory and clerical jobs will be available, what“s left will be the jobs that compumation can“t kill: Computers can“t clean offices, or care for Alzheimer“s patients(老年痴呆病人). But, since most people have the skills to fill those positions, the wages stay painfully low, meaning compumation could driv
16、e an even deeper wedge(楔子) between the rich and poor. The best advice now: Never stop learning, and keep up with new technology. For busy adults, of course, that can be tough. The good news is that the very technology that“s reducing so many jobs is also making it easier to go back to schoolwithout
17、having to sit in a classroom. So-called Internet distance learning is hot, with more than three million students currently enrolled, and it“s gaining credibility with employers. Are you at risk of losing your job to a computer? Check the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics“ Occupational Outlook Handb
18、ook, which is available online at bls.gov.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we can infer that all of the following persons are easily thrown into unemployment EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.secretaries.B.stock clerks.C.managers.D.wholesalers.(2).In the second paragraph the author mentions the tollbooth colle
19、ctor to（分数：2.00）A.mean he will get benefits from the telecomm field.B.show he is too old to shift to a new position.C.console him on having been replaced by a machine.D.blame the PC for his unemployment.(3).By saying “compumation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor“(Line 5, Pa
20、ra.4 ) the author means（分数：2.00）A.people are getting richer and richer.B.there will be a small gap between rich and poor.C.the gap between rich and poor is getting larger and larger.D.it“s time to close up the gap between the rich and poor.(4).What is the author“s attitude towards computers?（分数：2.00
21、）A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.prejudiced(5).Which of the following might serve as the best title of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Blaming the PCB.The booming telecomm fieldC.Internet distance learningD.Keeping up with compumationTens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed mean
22、ingless diplomas. These diplomas won“t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates. Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate(半文盲). Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational-repair shopsadult-li
23、teracy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high-school graduates and high-school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school. They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational syste
24、m. I will never forget a teacher who got the attention of one of my children by revealing the trump card of failure. Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by. Until Mrs. Stifter. Our son was a high-school senior when he had her for English
25、. “He sits in the back of the room talking to his friends,“ she told me. “Why don“t you move him to the front row?“ I urged, believing the embarrassment would get him to settle down. Mrs. Stifter said, “I don“t move seniors. I flunk(使不及格) them.“ Our son“s academic life flashed before my eyes. No tea
26、cher had ever threatened him. By the time I got home I was feeling pretty good about this. It was a radical approach for these times, but, well, why not? “She“s going to flunk you,“ I told my son. I did not discuss it any further. Suddenly English became a priority(头等要事) in his life. He finished out
27、 the semester with an A. I know one example doesn“t make a case, but at night I see a parade of students who are angry for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up. Of average intelligence or better, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to fin
28、ish. “I should have been held back,“ is a comment I hear frequently. Even sadder are those students who are high-school graduates who say to me after a few weeks of class, “I don“t know how I ever got a high-school diploma.“ Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employe
29、rs who expect graduates to have basic skills. We excuse this dishonest behavior by saying kids can“t learn if they come from terrible environments. No one seems to stop to think that most kids don“t put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at risk. They“d rather be sailing. M
30、any students I see at night have decided to make education a priority. They are motivated by the desire for a better job or the need to hang on to the one they“ve got. They have a healthy fear of failure. People of all ages can rise above their problems, but they need to have a reason to do so. Youn
31、g people generally don“t have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it. But fear of failure can motivate both.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the subject of this essay?（分数：2.00）A.view point on learningB.a qualified teacherC.the importance of examinationD.the generation gap(2)
32、.How did Mrs. Sifter get the attention of one of the author“s children?（分数：2.00）A.flunking himB.moving his seatC.blaming himD.playing card with him(3).The author believes that the most effective way for a teacher is to（分数：2.00）A.purify the teaching environments.B.set up cooperation between teachers
33、and parents.C.hold back student.D.motivate student.(4).From the passage we can draw the conclusion that the authors“ attitude toward flunking is（分数：2.00）A.negative.B.positive.C.biased.D.indifferent.(5).Judging from the content, this passage is probably written for（分数：2.00）A.administrators.B.students
34、.C.teachers.D.parents.Names have gained increasing importance in the competitive world of higher education. As colleges strive for market share, they are looking for names that project the image they want or reflect the changes they hope to make. Trenton State College, for example, became the Colleg
35、e of New Jersey nine years ago when it began raising admissions standards and appealing to students from throughout the state. “All I hear in higher education is, “Brand, brand, brand,“ said Tim Westerbeck, who specializes in branding and is managing director of Lipman Hearne, a marketing firm based
36、 in Chicago that works with universities and other nonprofit organizations. “There has been a sea change over the last 10 years. Marketing used to be almost a dirty word in higher education.“ Not all efforts at name changes are successful, of course. In 1997, the New School for Social Research becam
37、e New School University to reflect its growth into a collection of eight colleges, offering a list of majors that includes psychology, music, urban studies and management. But New Yorkers continued to call it the New School. Now, after spending an undisclosed sum on an online survey and a marketing
38、consultant“s creation of “naming structures,“ “brand architecture“ and “identity systems,“ the university has come up with a new name: the New School. Beginning Monday, it will adopt new logos(标识), banners, business cards and even new names for the individual colleges, all to include the words “the
39、New School.“ Changes in names generally reveal significant shifts in how a college wants to be perceived. In altering its name from Cal State, Hayward, to Cal State, East Bay, the university hoped to project its expanding role in two mostly suburban counties east of San Francisco. The University of
40、Southern Colorado, a state institution, became Colorado State University at Pueblo two years ago, hoping to highlight many internal changes, including offering more graduate programs and setting higher admissions standards. Beaver College turned itself into Arcadia University in 2001 for several rea
41、sons: to break the connection with its past as a women“s college, to promote its growth into a full-fledged(完全成熟的) university and, officials acknowledged, to eliminate some jokes about the college“s old name on late-night television and “morning zoo“ radio shows. Many college officials said changing
42、 a name and image could produce substantial results. At Arcadia, in addition to the rise in applications, the average student“s test score has increased by 60 points. Juli Roebeck, an Arcadia spokeswoman, said.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT the reason for colleges to change their names?
43、（分数：2.00）A.They prefer higher education competition.B.They try to gain advantage in market share.C.They want to project their image.D.They hope to make some changes.(2).It is implied that one of the most significant changes in higher education in the past decade is（分数：2.00）A.the brand.B.the college
44、names.C.the concept of marketing.D.list of majors.(3).The phrase “come up with“(Line 3, Para.4) probably means（分数：2.00）A.catch up with.B.deal with.C.put forward.D.come to the realization.(4).The case of name changing from Cal State, Hayward, to Cal State indicates that the university（分数：2.00）A.is pe
45、rceived by the society.B.hopes to expand its influence.C.prefers to reform its teaching programs.D.expects to enlarge its campus.(5).According to the spokeswoman, the name change of Beaver College（分数：2.00）A.turns out very successful.B.fails to attain its goal.C.has eliminated some jokes.D.has transf
46、ormed its status.It looked just like another aircraft from the outside. The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964. But appearances were deceptive, and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives. Inside, the area that nor
47、mally had seats had become a long white tunnel. Heavily padded(填塞) from floor to ceiling, it looked a bit strange. There were almost no windows, but lights along the padded walls illuminated it. Most of the seats had been taken out, apart from a few at the back, where the young scientists quickly to
48、ok their places with a look of fear. For 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions. For the next t
49、wo hours, the flight resembled that of an enormous bird which had lost its reason, shooting upwards towards the heavens before rushing towards Earth. The invention was to achieve weightlessness for a few seconds. The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the pla
