1、考博医学英语-393 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：3，分数：15.00)（分数：5.00）A.He was taking pictures of the campus.B.His photographs were on the evening news.C.He went to see a film on campus.D.His television appearance was unintentional.A.In a doctor“s office.B.In
2、an operating room.C.In a professor“s office.D.In a gymnasium.A.She needs to improve her study skills.B.She“ll feel better if she get some rest.C.She should make a doctor“s appointment.D.Her medication isn“t working well.A.Throw the clothes away.B.Make a donation of his old clothes.C.Try to sell his
3、old clothes.D.Save the clothes to give to his friend.A.Use cream on her rash.B.See if her rash improves in a few days.C.Check out a medical book from the library.D.See a doctor about her rash.（分数：5.00）A.She has decided not to go to Florida.B.Her plans aren“t definite.C.Her friend just returned from
4、Florida.D.She prefers to travel without her friend.A.She hurt her foot.B.Her health problem has come back again,C.She“s feeling better now.D.She needs an operation soon.A.More doctors should be doing research.B.He is studying to be a doctor.C.An important new medical treatment may be available soon.
5、D.He has already tried the new medicine.A.Go to bed earlier.B.Go to the gym less often.C.Go to the gym later in the day.D.Go to the gym with a friend.A.Her hometown doctor works at the student health center.B.She cannot help the man choose a doctor.C.She didn“t know she needed a physical exam to pla
6、y basketball.D.The man should visit a doctor in his hometown.（分数：5.00）A.He felt better an hour ago.B.His headache should be gone in an hour.C.He forgot to take the medicine for his headache.D.His head still hurts.A.Meet at the bus stop.B.Finish their candy bars.C.Get off the bus at the next stop.D.M
7、eet in front of the rest rooms.A.Visit her more often.B.Stop arguing in front of other people.C.Call her if they need her help.D.Give her their new address.A.It wasn“t open on Mondays.B.Its opening had been postponed.C.It was going to close before Monday.D.It didn“t deserve the praise I received.A.H
8、e doesn“t like wearing one.B.He doesn“t feel professional wearing one.C.He doesn“t wear one in his department.D.He doesn“t want to pay for one.三、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.Causes of illness.B.The discovery of antibiotics.C.The history of prescription drugs.D.Chara
9、cteristics of antibiotics.A.Blood poisoning.B.A penicillin.C.A heart attack.D.An car accident.A.To give an example of a bad reaction to penicillin.B.To show how penicillin has changed over the years.C.To emphasize the importance of antibiotics.D.To explain why penicillin requires a prescription.A.In
10、 a pharmacology course.B.From her mother.C.At the student health center.D.From her doctor.A.Look up some information about his medicine.B.Take an extra dose of his medicine.C.Ask his doctor to change his prescription.D.Begin to do research for his lab project.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.T
11、he impact of enzymes on chemical reactions.B.The way the body produces enzymes.C.The structure of enzymes.D.Types of chemical products created with enzymes.A.It divides into two different parts.B.It keeps the same chemical structure.C.It becomes part of a new chemical compound.D.It produces more of
12、the enzyme.A.Provide extra energy to start the reaction.B.Raise the temperature of the chemicals.C.Release a chemical needed to start the reaction.D.Lower the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.A.To show that enzymes are very effective.B.To point out that enzymes can sometimes fail to wor
13、k.C.To explain what enzymes are made of.D.To describe different types of enzymes.A.Enzymes are what make many of the body“s biochemical reactions possible.B.Enzymes are what make many of the body“s chemical reactions possible.C.Enzymes are what make many of the body“s reactions possible.D.Enzymes ar
14、e what make many of the body“s biochemical reactions impossible.六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.The replacement of the harpsichord by the piano.B.The development of electronic musical instruments.C.The relative costs of different types of musical instruments.D.The performance of classical m
15、usic on synthesizers.A.At the beginning.B.In the middle.C.Near the end.D.Just after the end.A.He is surprised by it.B.He disagrees with it.C.He thinks it is too soon to tell.D.He is alarmed by it.A.In the early nineteenth century.B.In the late nineteenth century.C.In the early twentieth century.D.In
16、 the mid-twentieth century.A.The electronic instrument is much more expensive.B.The electronic instrument is slightly more expensive.C.The piano is slightly more expensive.D.The piano is much more expensive.七、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Sometimes you can get quite _ wh
17、en you are trying to communicate with someone in English.（分数：0.50）A.frustratedB.depressedC.approvedD.distracted2.The company has _ itself to a policy of equal opportunity for all.（分数：0.50）A.promisedB.committedC.attributedD.converted3.I haven“t met anyone _ the new tax plan.（分数：0.50）A.in honor ofB.in
18、 search ofC.in place ofD.in favor of4.Salk won _ as the scientist who developed the world“s first effective vaccine against polio.（分数：0.50）A.accomplishmentB.qualificationC.eminenceD.patent5.This software can be _. to the needs of each customer.（分数：0.50）A.tailoredB.administratedC.entailedD.accustomed
19、6.The average commercial business can shut down in such an emergency but a hospital doesn“t dare for lives are _.（分数：0.50）A.in circulationB.under considerationC.on handD.at stake7.As we need plain, _ food for the body, so we must have serious reading for the mind.（分数：0.50）A.wholesomeB.dietC.tasteful
20、D.edible8.He never gave much thought to the additional kilograms he had _ lately.（分数：0.50）A.shown upB.piled upC.put onD.taken on9.The teacher tried hard to read the _ handwriting in her students“ test papers.（分数：0.50）A.irregularB.illiterateC.illegibleD.irrational10.A coronary disease is the widely-u
21、sed term _ insufficiency of blood supply to the heart.（分数：0.50）A.denotingB.donatingC.relatingD.resorting九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.Peter was seen crying when he came out of the office. We can deduce that he must have been punished.（分数：0.50）A.conferB.referC.preferD.infer12.On September 2, 1937, Pr
22、esident Roosevelt signed legislation that was to have far-reaching consequences for American wildlife.（分数：0.50）A.effectB.disasterC.challengeD.magic13.The president is often awakened by a noisy crowd which assembles on the White House.（分数：0.50）A.concentratesB.assumesC.involvesD.gathers14.Overcoming s
23、etbacks takes time, efforts and perseverance .（分数：0.50）A.maintenanceB.assistanceC.persistenceD.determination15.His major task is to integrate the work of various bureaus under the ministry.（分数：0.50）A.organizeB.coordinateC.correspondD.respond16.Sometimes the messages are conveyed through deliberate “
24、conscious gestures“, other times, our bodies talk without our even knowing it.（分数：0.50）A.definiteB.intentionalC.interactiveD.delicate17.Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed central Baghdad, hitting oil refineries and the airport.（分数：0.50）A.beatingB.knockingC.hurtingD.striking
25、18.The scenery on the way was truly spectacular , with beautiful mountains, rivers and valleys, and I took a lot of pictures from the window.（分数：0.50）A.notoriousB.amazingC.nobleD.diplomatic19.Providing first-class service is one of the tactics the airline adopts to attract passengers.（分数：0.50）A.meth
26、odsB.attitudesC.thoughtsD.solutions20.The boss felt suspicious about the truth of the account, therefore, he determined to get down to having a good check.（分数：0.50）A.mistrustfulB.furiousC.considerateD.depressed十、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought
27、 to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, but this is largely because, 1 animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 2 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, missing the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, though, we are extremely sensitive to
28、smells, even if we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 3 human smells even when these are 4 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may
29、 be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 5 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 6 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when 7
30、to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it inefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 8 new receptors if necessary. This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We a
31、re not 9 of the usual smell of our own house but we notice new smells when we visit someone else“s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 10 for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.（分数：10.00）A.aboveB.unlikeC.excludingD.beside
32、sA.limitedB.committedC.dedicatedD.confinedA.distinguishingB.discoveringC.determiningD.detectingA.dilutedB.dissolvedC.determiningD.diffusedA.unusualB.particularC.uniqueD.typicalA.signsB.stimuliC.messagesD.impulsesA.subjectedB.leftC.drawnD.exposedA.introduceB.summonC.triggerD.createA.sureB.sickC.aware
33、D.tiredA.availableB.reliableC.identifiableD.suitable十一、Part Reading Compre(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)When a heart-lung machine was invented that could take over the job of the heart, put oxygen into the blood and keep the circulation going during surgery, surgeons could stop the hea
34、rt while they were cutting and suturing. Recently, in certain cases, some surgeons have begun operating without the pump while the heart continues to beat. “The benefits of off-pump surgery are tremendous for patients who meet the criteria for this procedure,“ said Dr. Jim Zellner with the Alliance
35、of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgeons. “There is less need for blood products, less chance of complications during and after surgery, earlier recovery and earlier return to regular activity.“ Seawood Murray felt he was led by God to find Dr. Zellner and Memorial Hospital and to have off-pump su
36、rgery. A veteran of the United States Navy as a nuclear weapons security officer and commanding officer of a mine assembly group for more than 31 years, Seawood has never complained about stress or pain. He saw three tours of duty off the coast of Vietnam. However, after suffering from chest pain fo
37、r almost a year and being misdiagnosed with chronic heartburn, Seawood knew something was seriously wrong. At the Veteran“s hospital in Murfreesboro, he learned he had heart disease and was told to come back in six weeks. “I didn“t want to wait that long and asked for a referral to The Chattanooga H
38、eart Institute,“ Seawood said. “Dr. Noel Hunt found that 40% of my heart was not getting the amount of blood it needed to operate properly.“ Four days later, Seawood was undergoing off-pump triple bypass surgery at Memorial Hospital under the hand of Dr. Zellner. “I was sitting up that evening, walk
39、ing around the second day and feeling good enough to go home the third day, but I stayed till the fourth morning,“ Seawood said. “Two others who had on-pump bypass surgery the same day I had mine off-pump were barely walking when I left.“（分数：5.00）(1).How do surgeons usually operate on a heart-attack
40、er according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.They operate without a pump.B.They operate with a heart-lung machine.C.They operate by stopping the heart.D.They operate with nothing but cutting and suturing.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT the benefit of off-pump surgery?（分数：1.00）A.The heart-atta
41、ck patients will be recovered in one day.B.There are fewer chances for heart-attack patients to suffer from other new diseases during the course of hear attack.C.Off-pump surgery needs fewer blood products.D.The heart-attack patients will be well again earlier.(3).What“s wrong with Seawood Murray?（分
42、数：1.00）A.He suffered from chronic heartburn.B.He suffered from heart attack.C.He had three tours of duty off the coast of Vietnam.D.His heart couldn“t get blood it needed to operate.(4).What did Dr. Zellner do for Seawood Murray“s disease?（分数：1.00）A.Dr. Zellner gave him a surgery with a heart-lung m
43、achine.B.Dr. Zellner diagnosed his disease as chronic heartburn.C.Dr. Zellner gave him an off-pump triple bypass surgery.D.Dr. Zellner referred him to another hospital.(5).What can we learn from the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Seawood Murray could hardly walk four days after the surgery.B.Seawood Murr
44、ay got recovered more slowly than other patients.C.Seawood Murray felt well and went home the third day after the surgery.D.Seawood Murray went home the fourth day after the surgery.十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The brain is organized into different regions, each responsible for different functions,
45、and in humans this organization is very marked. The largest parts of the brain are the cerebral hemispheres, which occupy most of the interior of the skull. They are layered structures, the most complex being the outer layer, known as the cerebral cortex, where the nerve cells are extremely densely
46、packed to allow great interconnectivity. Its function is not fully understood, but we can get some indication of its purpose from studies of animals that have had it removed. A dog, for example, can still move in a coordinated manner, will eat and sleep, and even bark if it is disturbed. However, it
47、 also becomes blind and loses its sense of smell-more significantly, perhaps, it loses all interest in its environment, not responding to people or to its name, nor to other dogs, even of the opposite sex. It also loses all ability to learn. In effect, it loses the characteristics that we generally
48、refer to as indicating intelligence-awareness, interest and interaction with an environment, and an ability to adapt and learn. Thus the cerebral cortex seems to be the seat of the higher order functions of the brain, and the core of intelligence. The cerebral cortex has been the subject of investig
49、ation by researchers for many years, and is slowly revealing its secrets. It demonstrates a localization of functions, in that different areas of the cortex fulfill different functions, such as motion control, hearing, and vision. The visual part of the cortex is especially interesting. In the visual cortex, electrical stimulation of the cells can produce the sensation of light, and detailed analysis has shown that specific layers of neurons are sensitive to particular orientations of input stimuli, so that one layer responds maximally to h
