1、考博医学英语-395 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：3，分数：15.00)（分数：5.00）A.They haven“t seen any.B.They have seen enough.C.They need plenty of space.D.They have an apartment.A.To find a house which is about 20 miles away from work.B.To drive about 20 miles to wor
2、k everyday.C.Buy a farm.D.Rent an apartment in the suburbs.A.In a kitchen.B.In an orchard.C.In a garden.D.At a picnicA.A traffic guard.B.A sociologist.C.A student.D.A salesperson.A.Disconnect his telephone.B.Blow a whistle into the receiver.C.Keep a record of incoming annoyance calls.D.Report his pr
3、oblem to the police.（分数：5.00）A.Betty told him.B.Peter told him.C.Paul told him.D.Nobody told him.A.Over the phone.B.At a garage.C.In a store.D.At home.A.It“s filled with lies.B.It doesn“t describe all her.C.It is too long.D.It contains one lie.A.She eats an egg, a toasted muffin, and coffee.B.She ea
4、ts at the school cafeteria.C.She eats at home when she gets a ride and leaves the house early.D.She has breakfast in the kitchen.A.She decided to buy a gold necklace.B.She decided to buy a pair of gold earrings and a gold necklace to match them.C.She decided to buy a pair of gold earrings to match a
5、 gold necklace that she already had.D.She decided to buy a pair of silver earrings because they were cheaper than the gold ones.（分数：5.00）A.He is quite easy to recognize.B.he is an outstanding speaker.C.he looks like a movie star.D.he looks young for his age.A.consult her dancing teacher.B.take a mor
6、e interesting class.C.continue her dancing class.D.improve her dancing skills.A.the man did not believe what the woman said.B.the man accompanied the woman to the hospital.C.the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injury.D.the woman may not follow the doctor“s instructions.A.they are not i
7、n style any more.B.they have cost him far too much.C.they no longer suit his eyesight.D.they should be cleaned regularly.A.he spilled his drink onto the floor.B.he has just finished wiping the floor.C.he was caught in a shower on his way home.D.he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone.三、Section
8、 B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.At a country school in Mexico.B.In a mountain valley of Spain.C.At a small American college.D.In a small village in Chile.A.By expanding their minds and horizons.B.By financing their elementary education.C.By setting up a small primary school.D
9、.By setting them an inspiring example.A.She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B.She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C.She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D.She made outstanding contributions to children“s education.A.She won the 1945 Nobe
10、l Prize in Literature.B.She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C.She translated her books into many languages.D.She advised many statesmen on international affairs.A.She was invited to help organize the rural school system.B.Some of her books have been translated into several languages.C.She w
11、as the first American to win the Nobel Prize.D.she gained worldwide recognition by winning the Nobel Prize in literature,五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.17.6 million.B.Several million.C.Two thirds of Americans.D.Not mentioned.A.More than two drinks for men per day.B.Binge drink and heavy dink
12、ing at time.C.Binge drink and heavy drinking everyday.D.More than one drink for women per day.A.Skin cancer.B.Lung cancer.C.Breast Cancer.D.Liver cancer.A.Craving.B.Tolerance.C.Loss of control.D.Withdrawal symptom.A.Genetics.B.Environment.C.Pressure form life.D.All of the above.六、Passage Three(总题数：1
13、，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.She engaged in field research on environmental pollution.B.She helped families move away from industrial polluters.C.She taught chemistry and microbiology courses in a college.D.She gave lectures on how to become a public speaker.A.The job restricted her from revealing her findin
14、gs.B.She was offered a better job in a minority community.C.The job posed a potential threat to her health.D.She found the working conditions frustrating.A.More branches of her company have been set up.B.Many toxic sites in America have been cleaned up.C.More environmental organizations have appeare
15、d.D.Some giant industrial polluters have gone out of business.A.Her rigorous training in delivering eloquent speeches.B.Her lifelong commitment to domestic and global issues.C.He widespread influence among members of Congress.D.Her ability to communicate through public speaking.A.Japan.B.Mexico.C.Ch
16、ina.D.Canada.七、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.The thieves fled with the local police close on their _.（分数：0.50）A.backsB.necksC.toesD.heels2.A friendship may be deep, lasting, or _, casual and situational.（分数：0.50）A.criticalB.identicalC.superficialD.original3.The head of t
17、he Museum was _ and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.（分数：0.50）A.promisingB.agreeingC.pleasingD.obliging4.It is believed that children of two or three years old are able to learn any language if they are _ it.（分数：0.50）A.involved inB.indulged inC.disposed toD.exposed to5.Tim has failed
18、three courses this semester, so he will have to _ them next semester.（分数：0.50）A.remakeB.repeatC.reapplyD.revise6.The tone of the article _ the writer“s mood at the time.（分数：0.50）A.reproducedB.reflectedC.imaginedD.imitated7.The scientists have made an _ study of the viruses that cause the disease.（分数
19、：0.50）A.exhaustedB.exhaustingC.exhaustiveD.exhaustion8.In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, _ action.（分数：0.50）A.determiningB.defensiveC.demandingD.decisive9.Last Sunday she came to visit us out of the blue . The italicized phrase means _.（分数：0.50）A.unexpectedly
20、B.unhappilyC.untidilyD.unofficially10.The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _.（分数：0.50）A.absolutelyB.accidentallyC.accordinglyD.accurately九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.If a cat comes too close to its nest, the mockingbird initiates a set of actions to protect its offspr
21、ing.（分数：0.50）A.hastensB.triggersC.devisesD.releases12.Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly.（分数：0.50）A.TensionB.ExcitementC.FearD.Nervousness13.Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading conve
22、nience.（分数：0.50）A.idealB.requiredC.optionalD.standard14.In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.（分数：0.50）A.resultB.judgmentC.decisionD.event15.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.（分数：0.50）A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words16.Today black children in South Africa
23、 are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.（分数：0.50）A.anxiousB.curiousC.opposedD.unwilling17.The exhibition is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese TV industry and overseas TV industries.（分数：0.50）A.establishB.maximizeC.guaranteeD.
24、promote18.You have to pay a(n) premium for express delivery.（分数：0.50）A.extra chargeB.extra priceC.extra tipD.extra bonus19.The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.（分数：0.50）A.promoteB.paintC.produceD.polish20.We“re happy to report that business is booming this year.（分数：0.50）A.failingB.openC
25、.successfulD.risky十、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease. In the past, it was often considered a death sentence. But many patients now live longer 1 of improvements in discovery and treatment. Researchers say death 2 in the U
26、nited States from all cancers combined have fallen for thirty years. Survival rates have increased for most of the top fifteen cancers in both men and women, and for cancers in 3 . The National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention studied the number of cancer survivors
27、. A cancer survivor is defined 4 anyone who has been found to have cancer. This would include current patients. The study covered the period from 1971 to 2001. The researchers found there are three 5 as many cancer survivors today as there were thirty years ago. In 1971, the United States had about
28、three million cancer survivors. Today there are about ten million. The study also found that 64% of adults with cancer can expect to still be 6 in five years. Thirty years ago, the five-year survival rate was 50%. The government wants to 7 the five-year survival rate to 70% by 2010. The risk of canc
29、er increases with age. The report says the majority of survivors are 65 years and older. But it says medical improvements have also helped children with cancer live 8 longer. Researchers say 80% of children with cancer will survive at least five years after the discovery. About 75% will survive at 9
30、 ten years. In the 1970s, the five-year survival rate for children was about 50%. In the 1960s, most children did not survive cancer. Researchers say they expect more improvements in cancer treatment in the future. In fact, they say traditional cancer-prevention programs are not enough anymore. They
31、 say public health programs should also aim to support the 10 numbers of cancer survivors and their families.（分数：10.00）A.owingB.becauseC.regardlessD.dueA.opportunitiesB.resultsC.ordersD.ratesA.menB.womenC.childrenD.peopleA.asB.byC.atD.forA.numbersB.periodsC.timesD.roundsA.strongB.aliveC.healthyD.hap
32、pyA.fixB.lowerC.studyD.increaseA.veryB.fairlyC.muchD.moreA.littleB.leastC.lessD.betterA.smallB.growingC.fixedD.mixed十一、Part Reading Compre(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia , one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men l
33、ooting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. “Am I in this?“ he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, “He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you“re a kind o
34、f thief.“ As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The “ignorant natives“ may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more obje
35、ctive way of recording faraway societies than early travelers“ exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought “pure“ pictures of “primitive“
36、cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, go
37、t one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation. These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine“s photographs ha
38、ve taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don“t challenge white, middle-class American conventions
39、. While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white women“s breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure to conform with the society“s stated pledge to present on
40、ly “kindly“ visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of “an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict.“ Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot. She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual cho
41、ice off anthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.（分数：5.00）(1).What“s the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners“ percept
42、ion of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.B.There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.C.Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.D.Anthropologists ask the
43、 natives to pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.(2).We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often _.（分数：1.00）A.took pictures with the nativesB.gave exaggerated accounts of the native landsC.ask for pictures from the nativesD.gave th
44、e natives clocks and Western dresses(3).The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to _.（分数：1.00）A.show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.B.illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.C.show how an
45、thropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.D.show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.(4).“But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.“ In this sentence, the “one culture that stares ba
46、ck“ refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.the indigenous cultureB.the Western cultureC.the academic cultureD.the news business culture(5).With which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz most probably agree?（分数：1.00）A.Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictur
47、es taken of the indigenous societies.B.The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.C.The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.D.People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-clas
48、s values.十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Having a few too many drinks can mean more than just a blackout or a bad hangover. People who engage in binge drinking are courting danger, experts warn. Binge drinking is most common at colleges and universities, where many adults treat drinking to excess as a
49、rite of passage. A 1997 study from the Harvard School of Public Health reports that 42.7% of all college students engage in binge drinking. The well-publicized deaths of several college students from binge drinking in 1997 highlights the risks. An 18-year-old freshman at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology drank himself into a coma and died. A 20-year-old fraternity pledge at Louisiana State University died from alcohol poisoning. “Alcohol is always toxic. It“s really a poison,“ said Steven Schandler, professor of psyc
