1、考博英语-658 及答案解析(总分：94.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：27.00)1.Although she was still ill, she _ herself from the hospital.A. extracted B. dischargedC. injected D. drained（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.You may make good grades by studying only before examinations, but you will succeed eventually only by
2、 studying hard every day.A. in due course B. in the long run C. in the main D. in the first place（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The manager spoke highly of such_as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.A. virtues B. features C. properties D. characteristics（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Why are some of u
3、s good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?A. work B. gaze C. aim D. excel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.As a writer Walkter was very _.A. imaginary B. imagining C. imaginative D. imaginable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.There was (a pause of) complete stillness (which) the (buzzing of) the bees among
4、the pink loses sounded (as loud as) the fight of an aircraft.A. a pause of B. which C. buzzing of D. as loud as（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.His job was so tiring that he felt absolutely _.A. scrabbled B. sharpened C. shattered D. scattered（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.The Committee pronounced four members expelled for f
5、ailure to provide information in the _ of investigations.A. case B. chase C. cause D. course（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Some countries love to _ their own ideas on others.A. impose B. force C. put D. emphasize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Differences in positions adopted by oxygen and hydrogen atoms account for variat
6、ions in the crystalline structure of different forms of ice.A. are caused by B. explain C. derive from D. constitute（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Mr. Jones _ the sale of his house which was near the beautiful beach in the lawyers office.A. transposed B. transacted C. transfixed D. transcribed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.
7、12.We must try to _ the best of our moral values for our children and grand-children.A. replace B. remain C. generate D. preserve（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The boys talent might have lain _ had it not been for his uncles encouragement.A. extinguished B. dormant C. malignant D. perishable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14
8、.A persons psychological _ has much to do with his or her happiness in life.A. state B. territory C. interest D. nation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The businessman wanted to _ the adversary into concluding this transaction.A notify B negotiate C nourish D nominate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.It is reported that the l
9、atest outbreak of the bird flu in Pennsylvania in the United States has prompted China to slap a ban on poultry imports from the state.A. marine products B. dairy productsC. industrial products D. avian products（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.In the flint decades of the twentieth century, the individual gem cou
10、ld not be seen, but could be worked with fruitfully.A. blindly B. completely C. productively D. carefully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.An area of rich forests was _ to life.A. advantageous B. decorative C. attracted D. privileged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.You must _ yourself, or they will continue to bully you, so y
11、ou will go on living in disgrace.A. promote B. strengthen C. assert D. assess（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The Coriolis force causes all moving projectiles on Earth to be _ from a straight line.A. distracted B. deviated C. intrigued D. permeated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.Machiavelli cautions the prince not to relinq
12、uish power under passing duress.A. gain B. hold C. control D. abandon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.It comes as no surprise that societies have codes of behavior. The character of the codes, on the other hand ,can often be _.A. predictable B. unexpected C. explicit D. confusing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.Most visitors
13、 to that peninsula find the breathtaking scenery, which features the sea and rocks, a great _.A. threat B. thrill C. thriving D. thrift（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.He made a dispatch for a specific purpose.A. expedition B. punch C. declaration D. raid（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.It is agreed that all nations should t
14、ake measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN and other international laws.A. Charter B. Constitution C. Concordance D. Custody（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Generous public funding of basic science would _ considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.A. lead to B. result from C.
15、lie in D. settle down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.27.The emperor turned to alchemy to ensure immortally, but contrary to his wishes, the wrong chemistry shortened his life.A. good fortune B. quick recovery from his illnessC. never-ending life D. everlasting peace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.Any earthquake that takes pla
16、ce in any area is certainly regarded as a kind of a _ event.A. cholesterol B. charcoal C. catastrophic D. chronic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.She _ the list of names to see if hers was on it.A glanced B gazed C peered D seamed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.30.The news you told me the other day has yet to be _.A. affirmed
17、B. informed C. conformed D. confirmed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a
18、Serer tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta, felt badly for having wished sometimes that be might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Serers d
19、ark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they stood looking at each other-this time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in his ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from thei
20、r shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with bucked of seawater.A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump an
21、d dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing “Toubob fa!“ And when he had finally been
22、chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with a lust to murder toubob.Every few days the eight naked toubob would again Come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would li
23、e still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred, following the bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and tailing into the slickness underfoot-so plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the e
24、dges of the shelves down into the aisleway.The last time they were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing that the mans leg had
25、been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped re he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related
26、fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposesfor instance, improving health, raisi
27、ng standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists r
28、esponsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in application of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discoveries of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries
29、seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their d
30、iscoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.（分数：5.00）(1).To define science we may simply call it _.A. the study of unrelated subjects B. an attempt to explain natural phenomenaC. the study of unrelated fields D. classified knowledge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Pure scienc
31、e, leading to the construction of a microscope, _.A. may lead to antiscientific, “impure“ resultsB. necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cellC. is not always as pure as we supposeD. necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3
32、).A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call _ his approach.A. applied science B. agriculture scienceC. pure science D. environmental science（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements does the author imply?A. Scientists engaged in theoretic
33、al research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.B. Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.C. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.D. Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure scienc
34、e.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for the passage is _.A. The Nature of Science and Scientists B. Biology and the Scientific AgeC. Hypotheses and Theories D. On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The history of responses to the work of the artist Sandro
35、 Botticelli (1444-1510) suggests gests that widespread appreciation by critics is a relatively recent phenomenon. Writing in 1550, Vasari expressed an unease with Botticellis work, admitting that the artist fitted awkwardly into his evolutionary scheme of the history of art. Over the next two centur
36、ies, academic art historians defamed Botticelli in favor of his fellow Florentine, Michelangelo. Even when anti-academic art historians of the early nineteenth century rejected many of the standards of evaluation adopted by their predecessors, Botticellis work remained out side of accepted taste, pl
37、easing neither amateur observers nor connoisseurs. (Many of his best paintings, however, remained hidden away in obscure churches and private homes. )The primary reason for Botticellis unpopularity is not difficult to understand: most observers, up until the mid-nineteenth century, did not consider
38、him to be noteworthy, because his work, for the most part, did not Seem to these observers to exhibit the traditional characteristics of fifteenth-century Florentine art. For example, Botticelli rarely employed the technique of strict perspective and, unlike Michelangelo, never used chiaroscuro.Anot
39、her reason for Botticellis unpopularity may have been that his attitude toward the style of classical art was very different from that of his contemporaries. Although he was thoroughly exposed to classical art, he showed little interest in borrowing from the classical style. Indeed, it is paradoxica
40、l that a painter of large-scale classical subjects adopted a style that was only slightly similar to that of classical art.In any case, when viewers began to examine more closely the relationship of Botticellis work to the tradition of fifteenth-century Florentine art, his reputation began to grow.
41、Analyses and assessments of Botticelli made between 1850 and 1870 by the artists of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, as well as by the writer Pater (although he, unfortunately, based his assessment on an incorrect analysis of Botticellis personality), inspired a new appreciation of Botticelli throughout
42、 the English-speaking world. Yet Botticellis work, especially the Sistine frescoes, did not generate worldwide attention until it was finally subjected to a comprehensive and scrupulous analysis by Home in 1908. Home rightly demonstrated that the frescoes shared important features with paintings by
43、other fifteenth-century Florentines-features such as skillful representation of anatomical proportions, and of the human figure in motion. However, Home argued that Botticelli did not treat these qualities as ends in themselves-rather, that he emphasized clear depletion of a story, a unique achievem
44、ent and one that made the traditional Florentine qualities less central. Because of Homes emphasis crucial to any study of art, the twentieth century has come to appreciate Botticellis achievements.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. The Role of Standard Art A
45、nalyses and Appraisals.B. Sandro Botticelli: From Rejection to Appreciation.C. The History of Critics Responses to Art Works.D. Botticelli and Florentine: A Comparative Study.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can learn from the text that art critics have a history of _.A. suppressing painters art initiatives
46、B. favoring a Botticellis best paintingsC. rejecting traditional art characteristics D. undervaluing Botticellis achievements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The views of Vasari and Home on Botticellis products are _.A. identical B. complementary C. opposite D. similar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “connoisseurs
47、“ (Para. 1) most probably means _.A. representatives in the Pre-Raphaelite MovementB. people who are in favor of FlorentineC. critics who are likely to make assessmentsD. conservatives clinging to classical art（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the author think of Botticellis representation skills?A. Th
48、ey are to be fully appreciated. B. They evolve from an uncertain source.C. They underlie his personality. D. They conform to the classical style.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Scientists claim that air pollution causes a decline in the worlds average air temperature. In order to prove
49、 that theory, ecologists have turned to historical data in relation to especially huge volcanic eruptions. They suspect that volcanoes effect weather changes that are similar to air pollution.One source of information is the effect of the eruption of Tambora, a volcano in Sumbawa, the Dutch East Indies (the former name of the Republic of Indonesia), in April 1815. The largest recorded volcanic emption, Tamb
