1、考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 4及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)（浙江大学 2009年试题） Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience, and they also need to give serious【1】to how they can best【2】to such changes. Growing bodies need movement a
2、nd【3】, but not just in ways that emphasize competition.【4】they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the【5】that comes from achieving success arid knowing that their accomplishments are【6】by ot
3、hers. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be【7】to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,【8】, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,【9】student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion c ubs. A var
4、iety of small clubs can provide【10】opportunities for leadership as well as for practice in successful【11】dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the【12】of some kind of organization with a supportive adult【13】visible in the background. In these activit
5、ies, it is important to remember that the young teens have【14】attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized【15】participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to【16】else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants【17】. This does not mean that a
6、dults must accept irresponsibility.【18】they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by【19】for roles that are within their【20】and their attention spans and by shaving clearly stated rules.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.advice(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.strengthenB.accommodateC.stim
7、ulateD.enhance(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisure(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassed(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wise(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.in effec
8、tB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a sense(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.displayingB.describingC.creatingD.exchanging(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multiple(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporation(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.consentB.insuranceC.admissionD.security(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.pa
9、rticularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarely(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.longC.differentD.short(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even if(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.offB.downC.outD.alone(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On
10、 the wholeD.On the other hand(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.makingB.standingC.planningD.taking(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.capabilitiesB.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiency（浙江大学 2008年试题） The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earths resources has brough
11、t the whole world to the brink of disaster. The overdevelopment of motor transport, with its【1】of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has【2】to the near-destruction of our cities, and the pollution not only of【3】air, but also of the earths atmosphere. The disaster
12、has arrived in the【4】of the energy crisis. Our present【5】is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources【6】and energy use have brought us to a state【7】long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our p
13、resent serious state, which【8】the future of our country, our children, and our earth,【9】a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems. This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss of【10】. There is a strong demand for mora
14、l revival and【11】some devotion that is vast enough and yet【12】enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in【13】of their own country【14】any people have been able to【15】themselves wholeheartedly. This is the first time we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we
15、 hold dear in【16】with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who【17】with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a【18】need to reassess our present course, and to【19】new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless【20】.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.man
16、ufactureB.increaseC.prei enceD.expansion(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.attributedB.contributedC.amountedD.brought(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.urbanB.ruralC.locallD.downtown(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.formB.caseC.eventD.course(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.surroundingB.environmentC.circumstanceD.situation(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.exploitationB.exploratio
17、nC.explosionD.exposition(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.whyC.whenD.where(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.influencesB.endangersC.restrainsD.transforms(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.butB.yetC.orD.and(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.responsibilityB.conscienceC.moralityD.dedication(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.byC.withD.for(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.personalB.coll
18、ectiveC.compulsoryD.unanimous(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.protectionB.defenseC.rescueD.maintenance(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.engageB.devoteC.sacrificeD.connection(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.comparisonB.accordanceC.cooperationD.connection(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.regulateB.exhaustC.dominat
19、eD.share(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.mutualB.commonC.universalD.general(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.deviseB.alterC.initiateD.modify(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.challengeB.opportunityC.attemptD.notion考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 4答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)（浙江大学 2009年试题） Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, i
20、ntellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience, and they also need to give serious【1】to how they can best【2】to such changes. Growing bodies need movement and【3】, but not just in ways that emphasize competition.【4】they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellec
21、tual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the【5】that comes from achieving success arid knowing that their accomplishments are【6】by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be【7】to plan activities in
22、which there are more winners than losers,【8】, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,【9】student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion c ubs. A variety of small clubs can provide【10】opportunities for leadership as well as for practice in successful【11】dynamics. Making friends
23、 is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the【12】of some kind of organization with a supportive adult【13】visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have【14】attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized【15】par
24、ticipants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to【16】else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants【17】. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.【18】they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by【19】for roles that are within their
25、【20】and their attention spans and by shaving clearly stated rules.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.thought B.ideaC.opinionD.advice解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：老师应该注意到青少年成长过程中经历的变化，并应该仔细青少年如何这些变化。在给出的选项中：thought“思考”，givethought to 意为“仔细思考某事”；idea“想法”；opinion“看法”；advice“建议”，介词搭配为 advice to sbon sth。所以，正确答案是 A。(2).【2】（分
26、数：2.00）A.strengthenB.accommodate C.stimulateD.enhance解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：老师应该注意到青少年成长过程中经历的变化，并应该仔细思考一下青少年如何这些变化。柱给出的选项中：strengthen“加强”；accommodate“适应”；stimulate“刺激”；enhance“加强”。所以，正确答案是 B。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.careB.nutritionC.exercise D.leisure解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：成长中的青少年需要运动和。在给出的选项中：care“关心”；nutrition“营养”；ex
27、ercise“锻炼”；leisure“休闲”。根据语境，exercise 一词较为符合。所以，正确答案是 C。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：需要适应身体的变化并面对智力和情绪方面的挑战，所以青少年的自我意思特别强。在给出的选项中：If“如果”；Although“尽管”；Whereas“鉴于”，常用于法律文本；Because“因为”。所以，正确答案是 D。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidence D.tolerance解析：解析：空格所在
28、句子大意为：青少年需要那种成功带来的。在给出的选项中：assistance“帮助”；guidance“指导”；confidence“信心”；tolerance“宽容”。所以，正确答案是 C。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.claimedB.admired C.ignoredD.surpassed解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：青少年渴望知道自己的成就受到了别人的。在给出的选项中：claim“认领，索赔”；admire“赞赏，羡慕”；ignore“无视，忽略”；surpass“超过”。所以，正确答案是 B。(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.improper B.riskyC.fairD.w
29、ise解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：青少年的生活已经充满了竞争，所以再给他们规划一些胜负游戏是。在给出的选项中：improper“不合理的，错误的”；risky“危险的，冒险的”；fair“公平的”；wise“明智的”。所以，正确答案是 A。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.in effectB.as a resultC.for example D.in a sense解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：青少年的生活已经充满了竞争，所以再给他们规划一些胜负游戏是不合理的。接着举了三个例子，所以这里缺一个表示举例含义的短语。在给出的选项中：in effect“实际上”；as a result“结
30、果”；for example“例如”；in a sense“在某种意义上说”。所以，正确答案是 C。(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.displaying B.describingC.creatingD.exchanging解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：出版多名学生撰写的书评简报、学生的艺术作品、赞助读书讨论俱乐部。在给出的选项中：display“展示”；describe“描写”；create“创作”；exchange“交流”。所以，正确答案是 A。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multiple 解析：解析：空格所在句子大
31、意为：形式多样的小俱乐部可以提供机会锻炼青少年的领导才能。在给出的选项中：durable“持久的，耐用的”；excessive“过多的，过分的”；surplus“盈余的、充足的”；multiple“多种的、多样化的”。所以，正确答案是 D。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.group B.individualC.personnelD.corporation解析：解析：在给出的选项中：group“群体、团队”；group dynamics 意为“团体动力”，指的是“小团体内成员间的个人相互关系”；individual“个体、单个”；personnel“人事”；corporation“公司”
32、。所以，正确答案是 A。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.consentB.insuranceC.admissionD.security 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：交朋友极其重要。很多羞涩的青少年需要在所参加的活动中有一种。在给出的选项中：consent“许可”；insurance“保险”；admission“允许”；security“安全，保障”。所以，正确答案是 D。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.particularlyB.barely C.definitelyD.rarely解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：羞涩的青少年参加活动时需要一种安全感，需要有支持者在后面给予
33、支持。在给出的选项中：particularly“特别地”；barely“几乎，仅仪”；definitely“确定无疑地”；rarely“稀罕地，少见地”。所以，正确答案是 B。(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.longC.differentD.short 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：应该注意到青少年参加活动时，他们注意力集中的时间比较。这是生活常识，也可以从下文中得知。在给出的选项中：similar“类似的”；long“长的”；different“不同的”；short“短的”。所以，正确答案是 D。(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.if onlyB.now t
34、hatC.so that D.even if解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：应该组织多种多样的活动，参加的青少年保持积极性。在给出的选项中：if only“只要”；now that“既然”；so that“以便”；even if“即使”。所以，正确答案是 C。(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：应该组织多种多样的活动，以使参加的青少年保持积极性。等他们兴趣消退的时候也可以参加活动。在给出的选项中：everything“一切事物”；anything“任何事”，语气较为强烈；not
35、hing“毫无”；something“某事”。所以，正确答案是 D。(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.offB.down C.outD.alone解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：等他们兴趣消退的时候也可以去参加其他活动，别的人也不会感到。let off“放出，宽恕”；let down“放下，使失望”；let out“出租，泄露”；let alone“不理，不管”。所以，正确答案是 B。(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.On the contrary B.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other hand解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：但这
36、并不意味着大人们就可以接受他们这种不负责任的行为。，大人们可以帮助学生培养一种责任感。在给出的选项中：on the contrary“相反”；on the average“平均而言”；on the whole“总体来看”；on the other hand“另一方面”。所以，正确答案是 A。(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.makingB.standingC.planning D.taking解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：相反，他们可以通过为学生活动任务来帮助学生获得一种责任感。make for“导致、有助于”；stand for“代表”；plan for“为订计划”；take for
37、“认为”。所以，正确答案是 C。(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.capabilities B.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiency解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：相反，他们可以通过设计活动任务来帮助学生获得一种责任感。这些任务是在他们之内的并且是在注意力限度内的。在给出的选项中：capability“能力”；responsibility“责任”；proficiency“娴熟”；efficiency“效率”。所以，正确答案是 A。（浙江大学 2008年试题） The energy crisis, which is being felt aro
38、und the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earths resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The overdevelopment of motor transport, with its【1】of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has【2】to the near-destruction of our cities,
39、and the pollution not only of【3】air, but also of the earths atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the【4】of the energy crisis. Our present【5】is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources【6】and energy use have brought us to a
40、state【7】long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which【8】the future of our country, our children, and our earth,【9】a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems. This country has been falling
41、back under the continuing exposures of loss of【10】. There is a strong demand for moral revival and【11】some devotion that is vast enough and yet【12】enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in【13】of their own country【14】any people have been able to【15】themselves whol
42、eheartedly. This is the first time we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in【16】with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who【17】with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a【18】need to reassess our present course, and to【19】new methods through
43、 which the world can survive. This is a priceless【20】.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.manufactureB.increase C.prei enceD.expansion解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：机动车交通的过度发展更多的汽车、更多的高速公路、更多的污染、更多的郊区、更多的通勤。在给出的选项中：manufacture“制造”；increase“增加”；presence“出现”；expansion“扩张”。所以，正确答案是 B。(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.attributedB.contributed
44、 C.amountedD.brought解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：机动车交通的过度发展几乎破坏了我们的城市。在给出的选项中：attributed(to)“归功于”；contributed(to)“导致，造成”；amounted(to)“总计，相当于”；brought(to)“导致”，意思与此处符合，但是要接双宾语。所以，正确答案是 B。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.urbanB.ruralC.locall D.downtown解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：机动车交通的过度发展几乎破坏了我们的城市，不仅污染了空气，还污染了地球的空气。在给出的选项中：urban“城市的”；rural
45、“农村的”；local“当地的”；downtown“市中心的”。所以，正确答案是 C。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.form B.caseC.eventD.course解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：灾难已经以能源危机的到来了。在给出的选项中：form“形式”；case“情形”；event“事件”；course“过程”。所以，正确答案是 A。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.surroundingB.environmentC.circumstanceD.situation 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：我们当前的与战争、革命、经济萧条不同，也不同于过去的重大自然灾害。在给出的选项中：
46、surrounding“周围的”，形容词；environment“环境”，可指各种自然、社会环境；circumstance“环境”，一般用复数形式；situation“局势，形势”。所以，正确答案是D。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.exploitation B.explorationC.explosionD.exposition解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：世界资源的和能源的使用使我们面临这样一种情形。在给出的选项中：exploitation“利用”；exploration“勘测”；explosion“爆炸”；exposition“展览”。所以，正确答案是 A。(7).【7】（分数：2
47、.00）A.thatB.whyC.whenD.where 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为；世界资源的利用和能源的使用使我们面临这样一种情形，即我们需要长期规划了。在给出的选项中，只有关系代词 where符合此处后置定语从句的用法。所以，正确答案是D。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.influencesB.endangers C.restrainsD.transforms解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：当前的严峻形势不能再继续下去了，因为它将我们国家的未来、我们的子孙后代和我们的地球。在给出的选项中：influences“影响”；endangers“危及”；restrains“制约”；tra
48、nsforms“改革”。所以，正确答案是 B。(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.but B.yetC.orD.and解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：我们需要的是推动新规范以便有效地解决地球面临的问题。在给出的选项中，只有 but和 not连用构成否定前者、肯定后者的句型。所以，正确答案是 A。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.responsibilityB.conscienceC.morality D.dedication解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：我们的国家正面临着的缺失。在给出的选项中：responsibility“责任”；conscience“良心”；morality“道德”
49、；dedication“奉献”。四个选项似乎都可以，但鉴于下一句紧接着出现了 motality一词的形容词形式 moral，所以，正确答案是 C。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.byC.withD.for 解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：当前急需道德的复苏和人们的真诚奉献。在给出的选项中：只有 for可与动词 demand构成搭配，并与前面的“for moral revival”构成并列形式。所以，正确答案是 D。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.personal B.collectiveC.compulsoryD.unanimous解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：人们的真诚奉献涉及范围广，涉及单个的人，需要所有人的参与。在给出的选项中：personal“个人的”；collective“集体的”；compulsory“强制的”；unanimous“没有异议的”。所以，正确答案是 A。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.protectionB.defense C.rescueD.maintenance解析：解析：空格所在句子大意为：先前，人们采取的措施仅限于自己
