1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 50 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Our manager is so_ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stiffB.rigidC.tenseD.tight2.America has now adopted more _ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food
2、poisoning is falling.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.discreteB.solemnC.rigorousD.autonomous3.She has_ideas about becoming a famous actress.（分数：2.00）A.childishB.illusoryC.novelD.romantic4.It disgusted him when atheists attacked religion: he thought they were vulgar . (2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insultin
3、gB.base-mindedC.roughD.vicious5.Your_ is the round of things that you usually do each day.（分数：2.00）A.practiceB.habitC.routineD.custom6.Sometimes you have to make a _to get what you want.（分数：2.00）A.lossB.compensationC.compromiseD.sacrifice7.You cant vote until you have_ all the formal conditions.（分数：
4、2.00）A.satisfiedB.qualifiedC.completedD.cleared8.Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to_the steepest face with great agility.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scaleB.surpassC.overcomeD.mount9.Disclosure of the senators underworld ties gave rise to a nationwide_.（分数：2.00）A.scandalB.
5、rumourC.commentD.flutter10.He left in such a hurry that I_ had time to thank him.（分数：2.00）A.almostB.nearlyC.rarelyD.scarcely11.Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too_ for their young children, a study found.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scarceB.scaryC.scaredD.scarred12
6、.Paper clips, drawing pins and safety-pins were_all over the floor.（分数：2.00）A.scatteredB.sprayedC.spreadD.dispersed13.They stood gazing at the happy _ of children playing in the park.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.perspectiveB.viewC.landscapeD.scene14.As we neared the border the_ became lush and spect
7、acular.（分数：2.00）A.landmarkB.sceneryC.sightD.horizon15.Although the weather was very bad, the buses still ran on_.（分数：2.00）A.listB.planC.scheduleD.shift16.The private detective, having received new information from a confidential source, narrowed down the_of his enquiry into the case.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)
8、（分数：2.00）A.aspectB.sphereC.dimensionD.scope17.He is looking for a job that will give him greater_ for career development. (2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insightB.momentumC.scopeD.phase18.The police inspector, having received new information from a confidential source, decided to enlarge the _ of his enqu
9、iry.(2006 年财政部财政研究所考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scopeB.magnitudeC.dimensionD.volume19.It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been _ since the tripling of tuition fees to 9,000 a year.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scratchedB.scrapedC.scrabbledD.scrapped20.If you make a cat angry, it may _you
10、.（分数：2.00）A.tearB.scratchC.snatchD.scrape21.The girl_when she saw a snake.（分数：2.00）A.shoutedB.criedC.yelledD.screamed22.Cosmic rays of various kinds come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are _ off.(2003 武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.avoidedB.excludedC.screene
11、dD.separated23.Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close_.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.temperamentB.contaminationC.scrutinyD.symmetry24.News writers are expected to be clear and accurate, the form in which they write or speak is_to that requirement.（分数：2.00）A.superiorB.s
12、econdaryC.inferiorD.contrary25.Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.seeminglyB.satisfactorilyC.uniformlyD.universally考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 50 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Our manager is so_ in his thinking, he never listens to n
13、ew ideas.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.stiffB.rigid C.tenseD.tight解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 stiff 僵硬的，不灵活的；rigid人在方面固执的，顽固的；tense 拉紧的，绷紧的：tight 严厉的，吝啬的。句意是，我们经理对自己的想法非常固执，从来听不见新的想法。根据句意推出正确答案是 B 选项。2.America has now adopted more _ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling
14、.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.discreteB.solemnC.rigorous D.autonomous解析：解析：句意为：现在美国已经采用了更加严密的欧式检测系统，食物中毒发生率正在下降。根据句意，只有 C 项 rigorous“严密的，严格的”符合句意，故选 C 项。A 项意为“分离的”；B 项意为“庄严的”；D 项意为“自治的”，均不符合句意。3.She has_ideas about becoming a famous actress.（分数：2.00）A.childishB.illusoryC.novelD.romantic 解析：解析：romantic
15、 a不切实际的，爱空想的；浪漫的，传奇的(如：A romantic person likes to imagine thingsDont be carried away with romantic notionsA romantic story is one about love or adventure)。childish a.孩子气的；幼稚的。illusory a产生错觉的，因错觉产生的；虚幻的，迷惑人的。novel a.新颖的，新奇的。4.It disgusted him when atheists attacked religion: he thought they were vulg
16、ar . (2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insultingB.base-mindedC.rough D.vicious解析：解析：本题中，vulgar 的意思是“粗俗的，粗野的”。C 项“rough 粗鲁的，粗野的”符合题意。其他三项“insulting 侮辱的；base-minded 低级思想的；vicious 不道德的，恶毒的”都不正确。5.Your_ is the round of things that you usually do each day.（分数：2.00）A.practiceB.habitC.routine D.custom解析：解析：rou
17、tine n.(每天要做的)例行公事，惯常程序。practice n业务；实践；练习；习惯做法。habit n.习惯。custom n风俗，习惯，惯例。6.Sometimes you have to make a _to get what you want.（分数：2.00）A.lossB.compensationC.compromiseD.sacrifice 解析：解析：sacrifice nvt.牺牲，献身：献祭(如：Parents often make sacrifices for their childrenOur teacher does not approve of any sac
18、ririce of studies to sportsI could sacrifice a great deal for a cause)。make a loss(of)减少；减价。compensation n.补偿，弥补。compromise n妥协，相互让步；折中办法。7.You cant vote until you have_ all the formal conditions.（分数：2.00）A.satisfied B.qualifiedC.completedD.cleared解析：解析：satisfy vt.满足(条件、要求、需要)；使满意(如：Do you satisfy t
19、he entry requirements for that college? The cold water satisfied our thirst)。qualify(for)v.(使)具有资格，(使)胜任，(使)合适。complete vt完成：使完整，使完全。clear vt打扫，清除。8.Rock climbing is so popular now that many people are able to_the steepest face with great agility.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scale B.surpassC.overco
20、meD.mount解析：解析：本题空格处是说：“很多人能够攀登最陡峭的岩面”。A 项“scale 攀登，爬越”符合题意。其他三项“surpass 超越，胜过；overcome 战胜；mount 登上”都不正确。9.Disclosure of the senators underworld ties gave rise to a nationwide_.（分数：2.00）A.scandal B.rumourC.commentD.flutter解析：解析：scandal n.反感，愤慨；丑事，丑闻；流言蜚语(如：They kept the matter secret in order to avo
21、id a scandalHousing conditions in the slums are a scandalspread scandal about ones neighbor)。rumo(u)r n.传闻，谣言。comment(on)n评论，意见。flutter n激动不安，紧张(可与不定冠词连用)。10.He left in such a hurry that I_ had time to thank him.（分数：2.00）A.almostB.nearlyC.rarelyD.scarcely 解析：解析：scarcely ad.几乎不，简直不；刚刚(就)(多与动词连用，放在主动词
22、前或 be 后，如：I scarcely think he could have done it：He can scarcely readA better carpenter was scarcely to be foundScarcely had I come in when the phone rang)。almost ad.几乎，筹不多。nearly ad几乎，差不多。rarely ad很少，难得。11.Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too_ for their young chi
23、ldren, a study found.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scarceB.scary C.scaredD.scarred解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 scarce 缺乏的，稀有的；scary 恐怖的，吓人的；scared 受惊吓的；scarred 留下伤痕的。句意是，研究发现，父母正在逐渐弃用传统故事，因为对于他们的小孩而言，这些故事太恐怖了。根据句意推出正确答案是 B 选项。12.Paper clips, drawing pins and safety-pins were_all over the floor.（分数：2.00）A.scattered
24、 B.sprayedC.spreadD.dispersed解析：解析：scatter vt.撒，撒播；使散开，驱散；vi.分散，消散。spray v.喷，喷射。spread vt摊开；散布，传播：vi传开，蔓延。disperse v.(使)分散，(使)消散；驱散；散开。13.They stood gazing at the happy _ of children playing in the park.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.perspectiveB.viewC.landscapeD.scene 解析：解析：本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“远景，景色”：B 项意
25、为“从某地点所看到的景色或光景”；C 项意为“(田园风景等可以一眼眺望的)景色，风景”；D 项意为“特定地点的景色，场景”。本句意为“他们停下来凝视孩子们在公园玩耍的快乐场景”，D 项符合题意。14.As we neared the border the_ became lush and spectacular.（分数：2.00）A.landmarkB.scenery C.sightD.horizon解析：解析：scenery n.风景，景色；舞台布景。landmark n.界标；里程碑。sight n情景，奇观；(pl.)风景，名胜。horizon n.地平线；(pl.)眼界，见识。15.A
26、lthough the weather was very bad, the buses still ran on_.（分数：2.00）A.listB.planC.schedule D.shift解析：解析：on schedule 准时，按规定时间(注：可以说 according to plan 按计划；on the daynight shift 上日班夜班；没有其他几个说法)。16.The private detective, having received new information from a confidential source, narrowed down the_of his
27、 enquiry into the case.(2004 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.aspectB.sphereC.dimensionD.scope 解析：解析：本题意为“由于通过秘密途径获得新的线索，那名私人侦探缩小了调查此案的范围”。scope 的意思是“范围”，如：an investigation of wide scope(大规模的调查)。其他三项“aspect 方面，外表；sphere 领域；dimension 方面，重要性”都不正确。17.He is looking for a job that will give him greater_ for career d
28、evelopment. (2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insightB.momentumC.scope D.phase解析：解析：本题意为“他正在找份能给他的事业发展带来更大机会的工作”。scope 的意思是“余地，机会”；insight 的意思是“洞察力”；momentum 的意思是“动力，要素”；phase 的意思是“阶段，状态”。四个选项中只有 C 项符合题意。18.The police inspector, having received new information from a confidential source, decided to enlarge
29、the _ of his enquiry.(2006 年财政部财政研究所考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scope B.magnitudeC.dimensionD.volume解析：解析：scope(处理、研究事物的)范围；magnitude(强调大的)量，大小；dimension(空间的)量度，维度(如长度、高度)；volume 体积，容积。这里指的是调查的范围，因此 A 项为正确答案。19.It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been _ since the tripling of tuition
30、fees to 9,000 a year.(2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scratchedB.scrapedC.scrabbledD.scrapped 解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 scratch 挖出；抓；scrape 刮，擦；scrabble 乱写，拼凑成；scrap把废弃，丢弃。句意是，据显示，将近五分之一的学位课程将被废弃，因为学费翻了三倍，达到每年9,000 英镑。所以正确答案是 D 选项。20.If you make a cat angry, it may _you.（分数：2.00）A.tearB.scratch C.snatchD.scrape解析：
31、解析：scratch vt.抓，搔，扒。tear vt.撕，撕裂，扯破。snatch vt.夺，抢夺：一把抓住；抓住(机会)。scrape vt.刮，擦。21.The girl_when she saw a snake.（分数：2.00）A.shoutedB.criedC.yelledD.screamed 解析：解析：scream vi.发出刺耳的尖叫声。shout vi.呼喊，呼叫。cry v.哭；叫喊。yell vi.(大声)叫喊，号叫。22.Cosmic rays of various kinds come through the air from outer space, but en
32、ormous quantities of radiation from the sun are _ off.(2003 武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.avoidedB.excludedC.screened D.separated解析：解析：本题意为“宇宙中的各种光线从外层空间通过大气层传来，但是太阳的大量辐射能被大气层隔开”。screen off 的意思是“隔开”；avoid 的意思是“避免”；exclude 的意思是“排除”；separate 的意思是“使隔开”，其后不跟 off。根据题意，只有 C 项为正确答案。23.Although the model looks good o
33、n the surface, it will not bear close_.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.temperamentB.contaminationC.scrutiny D.symmetry解析：解析：scrutiny 意为“细看；仔细的观察”。根据句意：“尽管这个模特表面上看起来很漂亮，可细看就不行了”，故选 C。其他三项中，A 项 temperament 意为“性格，气质”；B 项 contamination意为“污染”；D 项 symmetry 意为“对称”，都不符合句意。24.News writers are expected to be c
34、lear and accurate, the form in which they write or speak is_to that requirement.（分数：2.00）A.superiorB.secondary C.inferiorD.contrary解析：解析：secondary(to)a次等的，次要的，辅助的。superior(to)a较好的，优的；有优越感的，高傲的；(级别)较高的(注意：没有比较级或最高级)。inferior(to)a劣等的，次的；下等的，下级的。contrary(to)a.(与)相反的25.Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble.(2003 年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.seemingly B.satisfactorilyC.uniformlyD.universally解析：解析：本题是说些表面上的幸运只会给我们带来麻烦。A 项的“seemingly 表面上的”符合题意。其他三项“satisfactorily 满意的；uniformly 统一的；universally 完全的，普遍的”都不正确。
