1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 34 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Now researchers are directing more attention to the social and cultural impetus that propelled university graduates into careers in management.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.implicationB.propagandaC.impulseD.refuted
2、2.Many language teachers are_ to talk too much.（分数：2.00）A.tendB.subjectC.likelyD.inclined3.In fact, a number of recent developments suggest that new media may actually be the salvation of old media; that online newspapers, Webpage, and e-books could preserve and extend the best aspects of the print
3、culture while augmenting it with their various technological advantages.(2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.limitingB.maintainingC.distinguishingD.increasing4.The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a_ in female breadwinners. (2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分
4、数：2.00）A.raiseB.riseC.ariseD.increase5.The situation there has become _ grave in the last few days.（分数：2.00）A.continuouslyB.increasinglyC.inevitablyD.invariably6.For such a tiny woman she had a(n) _appetite.（分数：2.00）A.potentialB.incredibleC.obviousD.inexhaustible7.Language, culture, and personality
5、may be considered _ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.(2010 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently8.The degree of economic growth is an_ of the level of living.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.indexB.advantageC.accessD.aspect9.I asked him where
6、my sister was, and he_the store across the street.（分数：2.00）A.indicatedB.displayedC.pointedD.showed10.Sometimes a dictionary designates a noun as attributive, which means that it can be used to describe another noun or name its attributes.(2003 年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.ex
7、plains11.Can a novelist remain_to the problems of the world in which he lives?（分数：2.00）A.impartialB.indifferentC.carelessD.detached12.The actress was very_ at the insulting question raised by her opponent at the conference.(2007 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extraterrestrialB.explicitC.indignantD.innovative1
8、3.Mr. Smith became very_ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant14.It is well known that knowledge is the_ condition for expansion of mind.（分数：2.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable15.She has becom
9、e quite_to the company.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.influentialB.compulsoryC.indispensableD.essential16.Every person on the sales team is _ because they work together well.(2003 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable17.Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that
10、 competition is an_spur to efficiency and innovation.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extravagantB.exquisiteC.intermittentD.indispensable18.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play_roles in raising children.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.incapableB.indispensableC.insensibleD.infinit
11、e19.A teacher cannot give _ attention to each pupil if his class is large.（分数：2.00）A.individualB.totalC.properD.definite20.The food was divided _ according to(he age and size of the child.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.equallyB.individuallyC.sufficientlyD.proportionally21.The policeman tried to _ the
12、teenage driver to obey the traffic laws rather than fine him directly.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.induceB.abductC.indulgeD.lure22.When he realized he had been _ to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.elicitedB.ex
13、citedC.deducedD.induced23.The doctor told the students that a(n)_ disease was one that could be passed from one person to another.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.effectiveB.infectiousC.coherentD.inherent24.An argument was_because they disliked each other so intensely.（分数：2.00）A.possibleB.probableC.inev
14、itableD.decisive25.Eighty percent of mothers cradle their _ in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.infantsB.hosesC.handkerchiefsD.fences考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 34 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Now researchers are
15、 directing more attention to the social and cultural impetus that propelled university graduates into careers in management.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.implicationB.propagandaC.impulse D.refuted解析：解析：本题意为“现在研究人员将更多的注意力投入到促使大学毕业生进入管理类职业的社会和文化推动因素”。implication 的意思是“含义，暗示”；propaganda 的意思是“宣传”；impulse
16、的意思是“推动力，刺激”；refuted 的意思是“驳斥”。四个选项中只有 C 项符合题意。2.Many language teachers are_ to talk too much.（分数：2.00）A.tendB.subjectC.likelyD.inclined 解析：解析：incline(to+动词原形)vt.使倾向于。3.In fact, a number of recent developments suggest that new media may actually be the salvation of old media; that online newspapers,
17、Webpage, and e-books could preserve and extend the best aspects of the print culture while augmenting it with their various technological advantages.(2004 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.limitingB.maintainingC.distinguishingD.increasing 解析：解析：本题中，augmenting 的意思是“增加”。D 项“increasing 增加”符合题意，如：New settlers cam
18、e with increasing numbers(新来的移民日益增多。)其他三项“limiting 限制；maintaining 保持；distinguishing 区别”都不正确。4.The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a_ in female breadwinners. (2013 年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.raiseB.rise C.ariseD.increase解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 rais
19、e 提高，升：rise 上升，增加，可作名词；arise 升起，上升，为动词；increase 增加额，增加。句意是，新的数据显示，随着家庭中妇女养家人数的增加，去年家居型父亲人数创新高。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 B 选项。5.The situation there has become _ grave in the last few days.（分数：2.00）A.continuouslyB.increasingly C.inevitablyD.invariably解析：解析：increasingly ad日益，越来越多地。continuously ad.持续不断地，连续地。inevita
20、bly ad.不可避免地，必然发生地。invariably ad.不变地，始终如一地，总是。6.For such a tiny woman she had a(n) _appetite.（分数：2.00）A.potentialB.incredible C.obviousD.inexhaustible解析：解析：incredible a.难以置信的，不可思议的，惊人的；极妙的；不能相信的，不可信的。7.Language, culture, and personality may be considered _ of each other in thought, but they are inse
21、parable in fact.(2010 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently 解析：解析：在给出的选项中：indistinctly“不清楚地，分不清地”；separately“分别地，分离地”；irrelevantly“无关地，不相干地”；independently“独立地，自主地”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是 D。8.The degree of economic growth is an_ of the level of living.(2002 年武汉大学考博试
22、题)（分数：2.00）A.index B.advantageC.accessD.aspect解析：解析：本题意为“经济增长的幅度是生活水平的标志”。index 的意思是“标志”，符合题意。其他三项“advantage 优点，好处；access 进入，通道；aspect 方面，外表”都不正确。9.I asked him where my sister was, and he_the store across the street.（分数：2.00）A.indicated B.displayedC.pointedD.showed解析：解析：indicate vt.(用手指或目光)标示，表示，指向；
23、表明，显示。10.Sometimes a dictionary designates a noun as attributive, which means that it can be used to describe another noun or name its attributes.(2003 年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.conveysB.definesC.indicates D.explains解析：解析：本题中，designates 的意思是“指明，指出”。四个选项中，indicate 的意思是“指出，显示”；convey 的意思是“搬运，传达”；define
24、 的意思是“定义”；explain 的意思是“解释，说明”。因此，只有 C 项符合题意。11.Can a novelist remain_to the problems of the world in which he lives?（分数：2.00）A.impartialB.indifferent C.carelessD.detached解析：解析：indifferent(to)a.冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的。impartial(to)a.公正的，客观的，不偏不倚的。careless a.粗心的，疏忽的。detached a.超然的，不卷入的：不相连的。12.The actress was v
25、ery_ at the insulting question raised by her opponent at the conference.(2007 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extraterrestrialB.explicitC.indignant D.innovative解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 extraterrestrial 地球外的；explicit 清楚的，直率的：indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的；innovative 创新的。本题意为“会议上演员对对手提出的侮辱性问题非常愤怒”，所以 C 项为正确答案。13.Mr. Smith became ver
26、y_ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant 解析：解析：indignant 意为“愤慨的”。根据句意：“当被提出犯了错误的时候，史密斯先生变得非常愤慨”，故选 D。其他三项中，A 项 ingenious 意为“聪明的”：B 项 empirical 意为“经验主义的”：C项 objective 意为“客观的”，都不符合句意。14.It is well known that knowledge
27、 is the_ condition for expansion of mind.（分数：2.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable 解析：解析：indispensable(tofor)a.必不可少的，必需的(如：Air is indispensable to lifeYour help is indispensable for the success)。incompatible(with)a.不相容的：不相称的。不相符的。incredible a.不能相信的，不可信的；难以置信的，不可思议的。indefinite a.
28、“不明确的，含糊的；不确定的，未定的；无限定的，无限期的。15.She has become quite_to the company.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.influentialB.compulsoryC.indispensable D.essential解析：解析：本题意为“她已成为该公司必不可少的人物”。C 项的“indispensable 必不可少的”符合题意，如：Water is indispensable to plants(水是植物不可缺少的。)其他三项“influential 有影响力的；compulsory 强迫的，强制的；essential 本
29、质的，实质的”都不正确。16.Every person on the sales team is _ because they work together well.(2003 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable 解析：解析：本题空格处是说销售队伍的每个人都是不可或缺的。D 项“indispensable 不可或缺的”符合题意。其他三项“incompatible 不相容的：incredible 难以置信的；indefinite 不确定的”都不正确。17.Mainstream pr
30、o-market economists all agree that competition is an_spur to efficiency and innovation.(2014 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.extravagantB.exquisiteC.intermittentD.indispensable 解析：解析：句意为：支持市场派主流经济学家认为竞争是对效率与创新的不可缺少的刺激。根据句意，只有 D 项 indispensable“必不可少的”符合句意，故选 D 项。18.In the Chinese household, grandparents and oth
31、er relatives play_roles in raising children.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.incapableB.indispensable C.insensibleD.infinite解析：解析：indispensable 意为“不可缺少的；绝对必要的”。根据句意：“在中国家庭里，祖父母和其他亲戚在抚养孩子的过程中充当必不可少的角色”，故选 B。其他三项中，A 项 incapable 意为“无能力的”；C 项 insensible 意为“无感觉的”；D 项 infinite 意为“无限的”，都不符合句意。19.A teacher ca
32、nnot give _ attention to each pupil if his class is large.（分数：2.00）A.individual B.totalC.properD.definite解析：解析：individual a.个别的，单独的；独特的(individual responsibilitiesseatstastestuition；any individual person)。total a总的，全部的。proper a.适合的，恰当的。definite a.明确的，确切的；肯定的。20.The food was divided _ according to(he
33、 age and size of the child.(2007 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.equallyB.individually C.sufficientlyD.proportionally解析：解析：各选项的意思是：equally 平等地；公正地。individually 个别地，独特地。suffidently能胜任地，够资格地。proportionally 按比例地，适当地。根据句意，应选择 B。21.The policeman tried to _ the teenage driver to obey the traffic laws rather than f
34、ine him directly.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.induce B.abductC.indulgeD.lure解析：解析：本题空格处是说警察试图劝导青少年司机遵守交通规章。A 项“induce 劝导，促使”符合题意，如：Nothing shall induce me to join their club(我怎么都不会去加入他们的俱乐部。)其他三项“abduct 诱拐，绑架；indulge 纵容；lure 引诱”都不正确。22.When he realized he had been _ to sign the contract by intrigue, h
35、e threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.elicitedB.excitedC.deducedD.induced 解析：解析：本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“从引出事实、情报等”：B 项意为“为感到兴奋”：C 项意为“推论，推断”；D 项意为“劝诱某人使其愿意做”。本句意为“当他意识到是被诱使签订合约时，他威胁说要通过法律程序终止协议”，D 项符合题意。23.The doctor told the students that a(n)_ disease
36、was one that could be passed from one person to another.(2007 年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.effectiveB.infectious C.coherentD.inherent解析：解析：四个选项中，effective 的意思是“有效的”：infectious 的意思是“传染的，传染性的”；coherent 的意思是“一致的，协调的”；inherent 的意思是“内在的，固有的，与生俱来的”。根据题意，B 项为正确答案。24.An argument was_because they disliked each oth
37、er so intensely.（分数：2.00）A.possibleB.probableC.inevitable D.decisive解析：解析：inevitable a不可避免的，必然(要发生)的(如：Pain is inevitable when one breaks a bone)。possible a.可能的。probable a.大概的，很可能的。decisive a决定性的；坚定的，果断的。25.Eighty percent of mothers cradle their _ in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies.(2013 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.infants B.hosesC.handkerchiefsD.fences解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 infant 婴儿； hose 软管：handkerchief 手帕；fence 栅栏。句意是，80%的母亲用左臂抱婴儿，靠在她们身体的左侧。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 A 选项。
