1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 38 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Guarantees and warranties tell buyers the repairs for which a manufacturer is_.(2013年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.qualifiedB.agreeableC.compatibleD.liable2.A_person is one who gives away money or things in large quant
2、ity.（分数：2.00）A.kindB.gentleC.gracefulD.liberal3.You must pack plenty of food for the journey. _, you will need warm clothes, so pack them too.（分数：2.00）A.EquallyB.IncidentallyC.InevitablyD.Likewise4.With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its_.（分数：2.00）A.boundariesB.restraintsC.c
3、onfinementsD.limitations5.The Olympic Games were watched by_billions of people around the world. (2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.virtuallyB.literallyC.deliberatelyD.appropriately6.The automobile salesman gave us some_on the latest models.（分数：2.00）A.messageB.documentC.literatureD.paper7.After the concert,
4、 the clean-up crew found the ground _ with papers. bottles and cans.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scrubbedB.usedC.litteredD.dispersed8.I dont understand why people _such a beautiful garden with cans and bottles.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.locatedB.providedC.protectedD.littered9.Please put your empty
5、 cigarette packets and paper bags in the _ bins provided.(2008年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.junkB.litterC.scrapD.deposit10.Laura, who comes from a wealthy family, spends most of her time enjoying herself, but takes_pains with her lessons.(2003 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.littleB.fewC.a littleD.a few11.This exquis
6、ite violin was with superb workmanship.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rather strangeB.pretty cheapC.utterly worthlessD.very lovely12.Nothing has ever equaled the _and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world.(2007 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.concernB.magnitudeC.vo
7、lumeD.carelessness13.It is the responsibility of the police to_ law and order in the city.（分数：2.00）A.retainB.sustainC.restrainD.maintain14.It is important that an undergraduate _a grade point average of B “in his major field.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.maintainsB.maintainC.will maintainD.shall mainta
8、in15.In his book on biotechnology, Rifkin _ that “for now, the most important issue at hand is to make the new science and technology an issue of considerable public attention.“(2011 年华东师范大学试题)（分数：2.00）A.hypothesizesB.maintainsC.mandatesD.speculates16.A_refers to an animal that is born from its moth
9、ers body, not from an egg, and drinks its mothers milk as a baby.(2006 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mammothB.penguinC.mosquitoD.mammal17.Her remarks_a complete disregard for human rights.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.magnifiedB.maintainedC.manipulatedD.manifested18.Lincoln, former president of the United Stale
10、s, is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.sturdyB.obstinateC.permanentD.manifest19.The ships generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _ instead of mechanically.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.manuallyB.artificiallyC.automaticallyD.synthetically
11、20.Living in poverty, John sold for 500 dollars the _ of his mothers first work which made her famous.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.documentB.fileC.duplicateD.manuscript21.The old city of Beijing was surrounded bya_wall with fortified gates on four sides.（分数：2.00）A.massiveB.pompousC.spaciousD.vast22.
12、Whats the _ distance youve ever walked?（分数：2.00）A.minimumB.maximumC.finiteD.vast23.The more people are jammed together, the more _and irrational they become. (2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mechanicalB.liableC.hostileD.earnest24.Under capitalism drug and alcohol are used by many as an escape _.（分数：2.00
13、）A.mechanismB.roadC.toolD.route25.Nowadays more and more people are interested in arranging time for exercises and _ to release the stress caused by the fast pace and pressure of their lives.(2004 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.meditationB.registrationC.mediationD.illumination考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 38 答案解析(总分：50.00
14、，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Guarantees and warranties tell buyers the repairs for which a manufacturer is_.(2013年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.qualifiedB.agreeableC.compatibleD.liable 解析：解析：A 项“qualified”意为“合格的”；B 项“agreeable”意为“令人愉快的，惬意的”；C项“compatible”意为“合得来的，协调的”；D 项“liable”意为
15、“负有法律责任的”，由句意可知，“制造商有责任提供维修服务”，因此选择 D 项。2.A_person is one who gives away money or things in large quantity.（分数：2.00）A.kindB.gentleC.gracefulD.liberal 解析：解析：liberal a.慷慨的，大方的；心胸宽大的，开明的：自由主义的(如：He is liberal with his motleyin his helpTry to keep a liberal attitude and listen to both sides)。kind(to)a.友
16、好的，亲切的；和蔼的，仁慈的。gentle a.和蔼的，温和的。graceful a.优美的，优雅的。3.You must pack plenty of food for the journey. _, you will need warm clothes, so pack them too.（分数：2.00）A.EquallyB.IncidentallyC.InevitablyD.Likewise 解析：解析：likewise ad.同样地，照样地；同样也。inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地。4.With all its advantages, the computer is b
17、y no means without its_.（分数：2.00）A.boundariesB.restraintsC.confinementsD.limitations 解析：解析：limitation n.限制，限度，极限。boundary n.分界线，边界。restraint n.(情感的)抑制，限制，克制。confinement n.限制(在范围内)；监禁。5.The Olympic Games were watched by_billions of people around the world. (2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.virtuallyB.litera
18、lly C.deliberatelyD.appropriately解析：解析：本题意为“全世界真的有几十亿人观看了那次奥运会”。B 项的“literally 确实的，真正的”符合题意。其他三项“virtually 实际上；deliberately 故意地：appropriately 恰当地”都不正确。6.The automobile salesman gave us some_on the latest models.（分数：2.00）A.messageB.documentC.literature D.paper解析：解析：literature(onabout)n.文献，图书资料(go thr
19、ough the literature on the subject；an extensive literature dealing with the First World War)。message n.信息，口信，便条，电文；启示，要旨。document n.(指正式的)公文，文件，文献。paper n.报纸；文件，文章，论文。7.After the concert, the clean-up crew found the ground _ with papers. bottles and cans.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.scrubbedB.used
20、C.littered D.dispersed解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：scrubbed 擦净，拭去：used 使用，利用；littered 乱丢，乱扔，使到处都是(常与 with 连用，常用被动语态)；dispersed 被驱散的，被分散的，被散布的。根据句子意思可知，正确答案是 C 选项。如：The floor is littered with scraps of paper(地板上到处是纸屑。)8.I dont understand why people _such a beautiful garden with cans and bottles.(2002 年武汉大学考博试题)（
21、分数：2.00）A.locatedB.providedC.protectedD.littered 解析：解析：本题意为“我真不明白，人们为什么在这样漂亮的花园乱扔瓶瓶罐罐”。litter 的意思是“乱扔杂物于”，符合题意，如：Selfish picnickers litter the beach with food wrappers(自私的野餐者们乱扔包装纸使海滩杂乱不堪。)其他三项“locate 确定的地点；provide 提供；protect保护”都不正确。9.Please put your empty cigarette packets and paper bags in the _ b
22、ins provided.(2008年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.junkB.litter C.scrapD.deposit解析：解析：各选项的意思是：junk 垃圾，旧货；litter 垃圾，废弃物，litter bin 废物箱；scrap 残余物，废料；deposit 存放物，沉淀物。根据句意可知，答案是 B。10.Laura, who comes from a wealthy family, spends most of her time enjoying herself, but takes_pains with her lessons.(2003 年西南财经大学考博试题)
23、（分数：2.00）A.little B.fewC.a littleD.a few解析：解析：本题空格处是说在功课上不努力。pains 复数形式表示“辛苦，努力”，是不可数名词，take pains 尽力，耐心：take little pains 不努力。因此正确答案为 A。11.This exquisite violin was with superb workmanship.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.rather strangeB.pretty cheapC.utterly worthlessD.very lovely 解析：解析：本题中，exquisit
24、e 的意思是“优美的，高雅的，精致的”。四个选项中，very lovely 的意思是“精致的，漂亮的”；rather strange 的意思是“相当奇怪的”；pretty cheap 的意思是“非常便宜的”；utterly worthless 的意思是“毫无价值的”。只有 D 项符合题意。12.Nothing has ever equaled the _and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world.(2007 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.concern
25、B.magnitude C.volumeD.carelessness解析：解析：concern 表示关心，忧虑：magnitude 表示(量，范围的)大小；volume 表示体积，容量；carelessness 表示粗心。本句意为“没有什么能比得上人类改变物理和化学世界的范围和速度”，所以只有 B 项是正确答案。13.It is the responsibility of the police to_ law and order in the city.（分数：2.00）A.retainB.sustainC.restrainD.maintain 解析：解析：maintain vt.保持，维持；
26、坚持，主张；维修，保养。retain vt.保留，保持，保有。sustain vt.支持；保持，使持续不息；供养，维持。restrain(from)vt.阻上，控制；抑制，遏制。14.It is important that an undergraduate _a grade point average of B “in his major field.(2008 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.maintainsB.maintain C.will maintainD.shall maintain解析：解析：“It is important that”后使用虚拟语气，即动词原形，故正
27、确答案为 B。15.In his book on biotechnology, Rifkin _ that “for now, the most important issue at hand is to make the new science and technology an issue of considerable public attention.“(2011 年华东师范大学试题)（分数：2.00）A.hypothesizesB.maintains C.mandatesD.speculates解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是 hypothesize 假设，猜测； maintain
28、坚持，主张；mandate 强制执行，委托办理：speculate 思索，猜。句意是在他所写的有关生物技术的书中，里夫金认为“目前手边最重要的事是使新的科学和技术成为公众广为关注的问题。”所以正确答案是 B。16.A_refers to an animal that is born from its mothers body, not from an egg, and drinks its mothers milk as a baby.(2006 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mammothB.penguinC.mosquitoD.mammal 解析：解析：mammoth 意为“大
29、象，庞然大物”；penguin 意为“企鹅”；mosquito 意为“蚊子”；mammal 意为“哺乳动物”。句子的意思是：诞生于母体，不是诞生于蛋，婴孩时饮用母亲的奶汁，这些都是哺乳动物的特征。本题中所填的词代表一类动物，所以 A 不对，B、C 两项所提到的动物不具有句子中所表达的物种特征，也不对，因此本题的答案为 D。17.Her remarks_a complete disregard for human rights.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.magnifiedB.maintainedC.manipulatedD.manifested 解析：解析：本句的意思
30、是“她的评论表明了对人权的完全漠视”，只有“manifested 表明，显示”符合句意，magnified 的意思是“扩大，放大”；maintained 的意思是“保持，供养”：manipulated 的意思是“操纵，控制”，都与句意不符。所以正确答案为 D 项。18.Lincoln, former president of the United Stales, is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.sturdyB.obstinateC.permanentD.manif
31、est 解析：解析：本题意为“美国前总统林肯是穷人孩予取得成功的典范”。conspicuous 的意思是“显著的”；manifest 的意思是“显然的，明白的”，如：He is a manifest liar(他显然是个说谎的人。)其他三项“sturdy 坚定的，毫不含糊的；permanent 永久的；obstinate 倔强的，顽固的”都不符合题意。因此正确答案为 D。19.The ships generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _ instead of mechanically.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题
32、)（分数：2.00）A.manually B.artificiallyC.automaticallyD.synthetically解析：解析：manually 意为“手工地”。根据句意：“船舶的发电机出了故障，所以得用手工操作泵来代替机械操作”，故选 A。其他三项中，B 项 artificially 意为“人为地”；C 项 automatically 意为“自动地”；D 项 synthetically 意为“综合地”，都不符合句意。20.Living in poverty, John sold for 500 dollars the _ of his mothers first work wh
33、ich made her famous.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.documentB.fileC.duplicateD.manuscript 解析：解析：本题空格处是说他母亲首部作品的手稿。D 项“manuscript 手稿，原稿”符合题意，如：When a manuscript has been accepted for publication，it is passed to an editor for detailed scrutiny(当原稿被采用出版时，便将它交给编辑进行仔细校阅。)其他三项“document 文件，档案，文献；file 文件，档案，卷宗
34、：duplicate 复制品，副本”都不正确。21.The old city of Beijing was surrounded bya_wall with fortified gates on four sides.（分数：2.00）A.massive B.pompousC.spaciousD.vast解析：解析：massive a.大而重的，大块的(如：Several strong men were needed to open and close the massive gates to the castle)。pompous a.华丽的，爱浮夸的，自负的。spacious a.宽广的，
35、宽敞的。vast a.巨大的，广阔的。22.Whats the _ distance youve ever walked?（分数：2.00）A.minimumB.maximum C.finiteD.vast解析：解析：maximum a.n 最大的，最高的；最大限度，最大量。finite a.有限的。vast a.巨大的，广阔的；大量的，很多的。23.The more people are jammed together, the more _and irrational they become. (2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.mechanical B.liable
36、C.hostileD.earnest解析：解析：句子的大意为：越多的人挤在起，他们就越变得越机械和非理性。A 项 mechanical“机械”；B 项 liable“责任”：C 项 hostile“敌意”；D 项 earnest“认真”。A 最合理，所以 A 项符合题意。24.Under capitalism drug and alcohol are used by many as an escape _.（分数：2.00）A.mechanism B.roadC.toolD.route解析：解析：mechanism n办法，途径。road n路，道路。tool n工具。route n路线，路程
37、。25.Nowadays more and more people are interested in arranging time for exercises and _ to release the stress caused by the fast pace and pressure of their lives.(2004 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.meditation B.registrationC.mediationD.illumination解析：解析：本题空格处是说安排时间来锻炼和打坐冥想。A 项“meditation 打坐冥想”，符合题意，如：He is deep in meditation(他陷入沉思中。)其他三项“registration 登记，注册；mediation 调解；illumination 照明，阐明”都不正确。
