1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 8 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Free medical service is_to nearly all the college students in China.(2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.favoriteB.availableC.convenientD.average2.It is the first of several agreements that United States hopes to reach as
2、it attempts to reduce, labor costs by $5.8 billion and _ bankruptcy.(2003 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dispelB.revertC.transferD.avert3.The best students are _ special scholarships.（分数：2.00）A.awardedB.rewardedC.presentedD.provided4.His face gave him_when he told a lie.（分数：2.00）A.offB.upC.awayD.out5.The trav
3、elers were _ into silence by the Sight of a distant mountain.(2008 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.enlivenedB.awedC.forcedD.frightened6.The shy girl felt _ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.（分数：2.00）A.awkwardB.amazedC.curiousD.amused7.The continuous rain set_the harvesting
4、of wheat by two weeks.（分数：2.00）A.offB.downC.outD.back8.The rear section of the brain does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.advancedB.growingC.frontD.back9.The election took place against a(n)_ of widespread unem
5、ployment.（分数：2.00）A.backgroundB.settingC.environmentD.circumstance10.A_of soap and two brightly colored towels were left beside the bath, the women smiled politely at Nicole and withdrew carefully from the room.(2003 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.loafB.barC.stickD.block11.We existed on nothing but the_ nece
6、ssities.（分数：2.00）A.mereB.sheerC.bareD.scarce12.Deserts and high mountains have always been a_to the movement of people.（分数：2.00）A.restraintB.barrierC.handicapD.disadvantage13.Final grades should be_on plenty of good evidence.（分数：2.00）A.developedB.givenC.basedD.concentrated14.Research should continue
7、 on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved practical.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.focusedB.concentratedC.agreedD.based15.The kindly_ of the old man caused all the children to like him.（分数：2.00）A.gestureB.bearingC.approachD.posture16.T
8、he children will not be allowed to come with us if they dont_ themselves.（分数：2.00）A.behaveB.guideC.careD.direct17.Mary was not promoted because she dreamed too much and fell_ in her lessons.（分数：2.00）A.throughB.outC.behindD.off18.I find this treatment very_ to my health.（分数：2.00）A.advisableB.invaluab
9、leC.beneficialD.worthy19.One can _ even from ones unpleasant experiences.（分数：2.00）A.obtainB.earnC.benefitD.develop20.In charge of an army of seven-thousand men, he_the oriental city for nine months and finally defeated it.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.intrudedB.hauntedC.besiegedD.possessed21.Upon arriv
10、al in the city they were shocked to learn that all surviving hospitals were still being _ by crowds of casualties needing treatment.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.enclosedB.embarrassedC.besiegedD.penetrated22.They are no longer on speaking terms because she_his confidence.(2011 年南京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.expo
11、sedB.destroyedC.provedD.betrayed23.Its _my power to make final decision on the matter.（分数：2.00）A.offB.outsideC.aboveD.beyond24.The two delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on how to enhance their_ cooperation.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ethicalB.bilateralC.mandatoryD.subsidiary25.The Chinese
12、 nation has given_ to many national heroes and revolutionary leaders.（分数：2.00）A.riseB.placeC.birthD.forth考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 8 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Free medical service is_to nearly all the college students in China.(2011 年南京师范大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.favoriteB.ava
13、ilable C.convenientD.average解析：解析：句子的大意为：在中国，几乎所有的大学生都享有免费医疗服务。A 项 favorite“最喜欢的”；B 项 available“可用”；C 项 convenient“方便”；D 项 average“平均”。B 最合理，所以 B 项符合题意。2.It is the first of several agreements that United States hopes to reach as it attempts to reduce, labor costs by $5.8 billion and _ bankruptcy.(20
14、03 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dispelB.revertC.transferD.avert 解析：解析：本题空格处是说“避免了破产”。D 项“avert 避免”符合题意，如：Accidents can be averted by careful driving(谨慎驾驶可避免发生事故。)其他三项“dispel 驱逐，驱散；revert 恢复：transfer 转移”都不正确。3.The best students are _ special scholarships.（分数：2.00）A.awarded B.rewardedC.presentedD.provided解析：解
15、析：award vt.授予，给予(如：They awarded John the first prize)。reward vt酬劳，奖赏；报答。present vt.赠(送)：呈献(present sbwith sthsthto sb)。provide vt供给。提供(provide sbwith sth；provide sthfor sb)。4.His face gave him_when he told a lie.（分数：2.00）A.offB.upC.away D.out解析：解析：give away(有意或无意地)泄露，暴露(秘密)；分发，赠送。give off 释放，放出。give
16、 up 辞去；放弃；停止。give out 分发。5.The travelers were _ into silence by the Sight of a distant mountain.(2008 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.enlivenedB.awed C.forcedD.frightened解析：解析：awe into 有“使由于敬畏而”的意思，故正确答案为 B。6.The shy girl felt _ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.（分数：2.00）A.
17、awkward B.amazedC.curiousD.amused解析：解析：awkward a. 尴尬的；棘手的；(人)笨手笨脚的，笨拙的；(工具)使用不方便的。amazed a. 感到惊奇的，僚愕的。curious a.好奇的。amused“高兴的，开心的，感到有趣的。7.The continuous rain set_the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.（分数：2.00）A.offB.downC.outD.back 解析：解析：set back 推迟，延缓；阻碍；(以事物做主语，后面跟双宾语)使花费(如：The cold weather set ba
18、ck the planting by two weeksThe new house set him back a few thousands)。set off 出发，启程；激起，引起，引爆(鞭炮)。set down 写下，记下；把放下。set out 动身，启程；开始；摆出；陈述，阐明。8.The rear section of the brain does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00
19、）A.advancedB.growingC.frontD.back 解析：解析：本句中划线的词 rear 的意思是“后面的、后方的”，与它意思相近的词是“back 后面的”。其他选项“advanced 高级的，先进的；growing 成长的；front 前面的”都无此意，因此正确答案为 D。9.The election took place against a(n)_ of widespread unemployment.（分数：2.00）A.background B.settingC.environmentD.circumstance解析：解析：background n.背景。setting
20、 n环境，背景；故事发生的地方。environment n自然环境，周围状况。circumstance n条件，情况。10.A_of soap and two brightly colored towels were left beside the bath, the women smiled politely at Nicole and withdrew carefully from the room.(2003 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.loafB.bar C.stickD.block解析：解析：本题空格处是说“一块肥皂”。在英语中，a bar of soap(一块肥皂)
21、是习惯用法，因此 B项符合题意，其他搭配都不对。11.We existed on nothing but the_ necessities.（分数：2.00）A.mereB.sheerC.bare D.scarce解析：解析：bare a仅仅的，勉强的，刚刚够的，最低限度的；赤裸的，光秃秃的，没有覆盖的。mere a.仅仅的，只不过的；纯粹的。sheer a完全的，十足的；极薄的，透明的。scarce a.缺乏的，不足的；稀少的，罕见的。12.Deserts and high mountains have always been a_to the movement of people.（分数：
22、2.00）A.restraintB.barrier C.handicapD.disadvantage解析：解析：barrier(to)n.屏障；障碍，障碍物。restraint n.(感情、情绪、行为的)抑制，限制，克制。handicap n(身体或智力方面的)缺陷：障碍，不利条件。disadvantage(over)n.不利地位，不利条件。13.Final grades should be_on plenty of good evidence.（分数：2.00）A.developedB.givenC.based D.concentrated解析：解析：base(on)vt把建立在的基础上(如
23、：One should base ones opinions on factsThis book is based on a true storyTeaching is an art based on a science)。develop vt发展，形成：开发，研制。concentrate(on)vt集中；聚集；浓缩。14.Research should continue on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved prac
24、tical.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.focusedB.concentratedC.agreedD.based 解析：解析：本题意为“我们应该继续可控核聚变的研究，但不能将能源项目建立在其存在的基础上，除非其已被证明可行”。所以 D 项是正确答案。15.The kindly_ of the old man caused all the children to like him.（分数：2.00）A.gestureB.bearing C.approachD.posture解析：解析：bearing n.(可加不定冠词)举止，风度。gesture n.姿势，手势；(
25、外交等方面的)姿态，表示。approach(to)n.途径，方式，方法。posture n(坐立的)姿势，体态。16.The children will not be allowed to come with us if they dont_ themselves.（分数：2.00）A.behave B.guideC.careD.direct解析：解析：behave oneself 检点自己的行为；守规矩；好好做人(其他三个动词一般不跟反身代词)。17.Mary was not promoted because she dreamed too much and fell_ in her les
26、sons.（分数：2.00）A.throughB.outC.behind D.off解析：解析：falllag behind 落后。fall through(计划、工程、交易、合同等)失败，落空，没成功，没实现。fall out 脱落；吵架，失和(withsb)。fall off 逐渐减少；(质量、水平)下降。18.I find this treatment very_ to my health.（分数：2.00）A.advisableB.invaluableC.beneficial D.worthy解析：解析：beneficial(to)a.(对)有益的，有利的。advisable a.明智
27、的，可取的(注：在 It is advisable that sbdo sth中，从句谓语需用虚拟语气)。invaluable a.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的。worthy(of)a.值得的，配得上的；有价值的；可尊敬的。19.One can _ even from ones unpleasant experiences.（分数：2.00）A.obtainB.earnC.benefit D.develop解析：解析：benefit(fromby)vi得益于，受益于;vt.有益于(如：I benefited fromby my fathers adviceThe new hospital w
28、ill benefit the entire community)。obtain vt.获得，得到。earn vt挣得，赚得，获得。develop from 从发展而来。20.In charge of an army of seven-thousand men, he_the oriental city for nine months and finally defeated it.(2002 年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.intrudedB.hauntedC.besieged D.possessed解析：解析：本题后半句是说“他包围东方人的城市 9 个月，最后攻克了它”。C 项的
29、“besiege 围攻，包围”符合题意。如：Troy was besieged by the Greeks for ten years(特洛伊城被希腊人围攻了10 年。)其他三项“intrude 侵略，侵入；haunt 常去，出没；possess 占有，持有”都不正确。21.Upon arrival in the city they were shocked to learn that all surviving hospitals were still being _ by crowds of casualties needing treatment.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：
30、2.00）A.enclosedB.embarrassedC.besieged D.penetrated解析：解析：本题空格处是说“所有幸存下来的医院依旧被成群需要治疗的伤员团团围住”。四个选项中，A 项 enclosed 的意思是“放入封套，装入，围绕”，B 项 embarrassed 的意思是“使困窘，使局促不安；阻碍，麻烦”，C 项 besieged 的意思是“围困，围攻，包围”，D 项 penetrated 的意思是“穿透，渗透，看穿，洞察”。根据题意，C 项为正确答案。22.They are no longer on speaking terms because she_his con
31、fidence.(2011 年南京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exposedB.destroyedC.provedD.betrayed 解析：解析：各选项的意思是：exposed 曝光，显露，揭露；destroyed 破坏，毁灭，消灭； proved 证明，检验；betrayed 背叛，泄露。be not on speaking terms 意为“不再说话”。根据句意可知，答案是 D。23.Its _my power to make final decision on the matter.（分数：2.00）A.offB.outsideC.aboveD.beyond 解析：解析：bey
32、ond 超出，超过(能力、范围)，无法，不容；在远处那边，远于。24.The two delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on how to enhance their_ cooperation.(2002 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.ethicalB.bilateral C.mandatoryD.subsidiary解析：解析：本题意为“两位代表就如何加强双边合作深入交换了意见”。bilateral 的意思是双边的，如：a bilateral agreement(双边协定)。其他三项“ethical 道德的，伦理的；mandatory 强制的，托管的：subsidiary 辅助的，补充的”都与题意不符，因此正确答案为 B。25.The Chinese nation has given_ to many national heroes and revolutionary leaders.（分数：2.00）A.riseB.placeC.birth D.forth解析：解析：give birth to 生出，产生。give rise to 引起，导致，是的原因。give place to 让位给，把座位让给。givesend forth(直接跟宾语)发出。
