1、清华大学考博英语-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our _ almost two hours later. A. designation B. destiny C. destination D. dignity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The negotiations which _ the signing of the treaty took place over a numb
2、er of years. A. preceded B. prescribed C. proceeded D. processed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Americans are highly _, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others. A. moving B. mobile C. movable D. motional（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The Untied States and Canada are lands of _ except for th
3、e Indians, who are the only true natives. A. emigrants B. immigrants C. dwellers D. inhabitants（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.There was a noisy _ at the back of the hall when the speaker began his address. A. interaction B. irritation C. disturbance D. interruption（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The patient is not in good c
4、ondition, so do not _ your visit. A. lengthen B. delay C. extend D. prolong（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Violence is just one of the many problems _ in city life. A. abundant B. inherent C. substantial D. coherent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Trees that _ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down. A. block B. i
5、nhibit C. spoil D. alter（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He gave his work to his friend to _, because he found it hard to see his own mistakes. A. adjust B. compile C. revise D. verify（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in _ this system. A. defining B. implying C. reducin
6、g D. perfecting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.We were frightened by the _ of the crowd. A. hospitality B. honesty C. humanity D. hostility（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The presidents _ remarks in his speech met with a lot of attacks from other countries. A. offensive B. impressive C. permissive D. expressive（分数：1.00）A.B
7、.C.D.13.This can help to _ something that the students may not have comprehended. A. signify B. specify C. testify D. clarify（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He passed _ hours in the library; he acquired information relative to the subject he was going to expound. A. resulting B. resultative C. resultful D. resu
8、lted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The travel agency has a full program of _, if tourists wish to visit local places of interest. A. expeditions B. excursions C. explorations D. propositions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The Barbie doll comes with a whole range of _ that you can dress her in A. outlooks B. outlines C. ou
9、tskirts D. outfits（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.I dont know how to interpret her remark. I think it was deliberately _. A. distinct B. ambiguous C. suspicious D. invisible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Economic theory would predict that a fall in the price of a commodity would lead to an increase in _. A. assumption B.
10、resumption C. consumption D. presumption（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.As with a human baby, you must be patient, _, and understanding of your pets mistakes. A. tolerant B. strict C. obedient D. durable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.To our disappointment, the guide also only has a slight _ with Italian. A. recognition B.
11、 orientation C. acquaintance D. familiarity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules. A. concede B. conform C. comply D. confront（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.Once the _ contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved. A. principle B. p
12、rincipal C. potential D. primitive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.If you want to go to the concert, youll have to make a _, or there will be no tickets. A. reservation B. punctuality C. compliment D. clarity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.I arrive at nine oclock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my m
13、orning _. A. habit B. custom C. practice D. routine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.David _ his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. A. attributed B. contributed C. acknowledged D. pledged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Youve been talking with David all evening when you ought to be
14、 _ with other guests. A. blending B. integrating C. mingling D. incorporating（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.I asked my mother if I could go out, and she _. A. descended B. contented C. consented D. ascended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.The room is so _ with furniturethat it is hard to move about. A. muddled B. cluttered
15、 C. distributed D. scattered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.Cant you speak more _ to your parents? A. respectably B. respectingly C. respectively D. respectfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble. A. seemingly B. satisfactorily C. uniformly D. universally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.He _
16、 his old car for a new one as soon as he had won the prize. A. replaced B. converted C. exchanged D. interchanged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.He is a very _ character; he is never relaxed with strangers. A. self-confident B. self-conscious C. self-evident D. self-serving（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.Youll find that th
17、e community has _ great changes since you were here last time. A. submitted B. sustained C. perceived D. undergone（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.You dont have to _ yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home. A. justify B. hinder C. indulge D. appoint（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.If p
18、risoners behave well, they are allowed the _ of visiting their families at the weekend. A. equality B. security C. privilege D. prestige（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.Despite his _ as a trouble-maker, he was promoted to department manger. A. repetition B. repression C. reputation D. representation（分数：1.00）A.B.
19、C.D.37.It was obvious that she and her husband were _ and she wished shed never married him, A. insolvable B. insensible C. inseparable D. incompatible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.The new law allows you to _ payment if you think a bill is incorrect. A. withhold B. withdraw C. wither D. withstand（分数：1.00）A.B.
20、C.D.39.It was a real _ when Susan came back from her vacation and told us she had married a local waiter. A. comfort B. shock C. attack D. impact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.To celebrate the national day, there was a _ fireworks display. A. specific B. spectacular C. speculative D. specialistic（分数：1.00）A.B.C
21、.D.二、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPassage One/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A World Without Books Or MusicIf books had never been discovered, man would have found some other way of recording his communication. But then, for our consideration, we should include as books everything that is a written record. This
22、 would include tablets, papyrus and anything elseincluding computer diskettes. In the case of music, it would be impossible to think that man can live without it. Looking-at primitive cultures, it appears that music is actually a part of the human psyche. When two things are knocked together, music
23、is produced. So for the sake of our discussion,it is intended to restrict the meaning of music to the popularly accepted concept. Music is the pleasing combination of sounds that we like to listen to.Though it is difficult to, we can pretend that these things never existed. In this case we would not
24、 miss them today. To compare with recent inventions, let us look at radio and television Though we cannot think of life without them today, this is so only from comparatively recent times. There are many of us living today who had seen a time when there was no television. They will tell us that life
25、 was not that much different. The same is probably true of radio. But books are a different thing because they, or something akin to them, began thousands of years ago. In the case of music, it goes back even further-perhaps to millions of years, we may be able to imagine a world which never saw boo
26、ks, because books are a human invention. However, in the case of music this does not seem possible. Pleasing sounds are all around us, like the singing of the birds and the whistling of the wind. Music just seems to be inborn in us and in the world around us.If books did not exist, the world will be
27、 a poorer place indeed. Great philosophies like Platos would become unknown and all the pleasures and lessons we could get from them will be lost forever. Then there is literature like the works of the great masters like Shakespeare, Dickens and Jane Austen. What a so sombre, miserable world it will
28、 be without the pleasures of reading. Since there are so many other things which depend on readinglike plays, songs and movieswe can expect them to disappear also. It would be a dark and unsatisfying world where knowledge is not propagated; where there are no books to derive pleasure from.In the cas
29、e of music, without it the world will be bleak and cold indeed. It would be a terrible world with no cheery tunes, no songs to sing and no great music to lose ourselves in. A world which does not listen to the music of the great masters like Chopin and Beethoven would be a very sorry world. There wi
30、ll not be so many smiles on faces anymore. When we lose music, an expression of a deep part of ourselvesfrom the soulis lost. With music, connected activities like dancing will be lost too. A world without music and dancing will bring us back to the Stone Age.Unlike radio, television, telephones and
31、 computers, reading and music are not mere conveniences that we can live without. Reading is crucial for self-expression and for passing on records and knowledge to future generations. Music is part of our very soul. A world without these will not be the world as we know it. In fact, many of us woul
32、d not want to live in such a world.（分数：5.00）(1).Music is part of the human psyche because _. A. it is part of primitive culture B. it is something we like to listen to C. it always strikes a chord with us D. it has been produced since ancient times（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, life
33、without television and radio would be _. A. essentially the same B. very different C. quite boring D. spiritually more satisfying（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is impossible to imagine a world without music because _. A. music like books is a human invention B. it is crucial for self-expression C. enjoyabl
34、e sounds exist in our environment D. plays, songs and movies depend on it（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A world without books would be _. A. bleak and cold B. a very sorry world C. dreadfully unsatisfying D. dark and dull（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why is music something that we cannot live without? A. Because it is
35、 a convenience like the Internet. B. Because we will lose a deep part of ourselves, C. Because we wont have smiles on our faces anymore. D. Because philosophies like Platos would not exist.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPassage Two/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The high unemployment rates of the early 1960s occasioned a spi
36、rited debate with, in the economics profession. One group found the primary cause of unemployment in slow growth and the solution in economic expansion. The other found the major explanation in changes that had occurred in the supply, and demand for labor and stressed measures for matching demand wi
37、th supply.The expansionist school of thought, with the Council of Economic Advisers as its leading advocates, attributed the persistently high unemployment level to a slow rate of economic growth resulting from a deficiency of aggregate demand for goods and services. The majority of this school endo
38、rsed the position of the Council that tax reduction would eventually reduce the unemployment level to 4% of the labor force with no other assistance. At 4%, bottlenecks in skilled labor, middle-level manpower, and professional personnel were expected to retard growth and generate wage-price pressure
39、s. To go beyond 4%, the interim goal of the Council, it was recognized that improved education, training and retraining, and other structural measures would be required. Some expansionists insisted that the demand for goods and services was nearly satiated and that it was impossible for the private
40、sector to absorb a significant increase in output. In their estimate, only the lower-income fifth of the population and the public sector offered sufficient outlets for the productive efforts of the potential labor force. The fact that the needs of the poor and the many unmet demands for public serv
41、ices held higher priority than the demands of the marketplace in the value structure of this group no doubt influenced their economic judgments.Those who found the major cause of unemployment in structural features were primarily labor economists, concerned professionally with efficient functioning
42、of labor markets through programs to develop skills and place individual workers. They maintained that increased aggregate demand was a necessary but not sufficient condition for reaching either the CEAs 4% target or their own preferred 3%. This pessimism was based, in part on the conclusion that un
43、employment among the young, the unskilled, minority groups, and depressed geographical areas is not easily attacked by increasing general demand. Further, their estimate of the numbers of potential members of the labor force who had withdrawn or not entered because of lack of employment opportunity
44、was substantially higher than that of the CEA. They also projected that increased demand would put added pressure on skills already in short supply rather than employ the unemployed, and that because of technological change, which was replacing manpower, much higher levels of demand would be necessa
45、ry to create the same number of jobs.The structural school, too, had its hyperenthusiasts. Fiscal conservatives who, as an alternative to expansionary policies, argued the not very plausible position that a job was available for every person, provided only that he or she had the requisite skills or
46、would relocate. Such extremist positions aside, there was actually considerable agreement between two main groups, though this was not recognized at the time. Both realized the advisability of a tax cut to increase demand, and both needed to reduce unemployment below a point around 4%. In either cas
47、e, the policy implications differed in emphasis and not in content.（分数：5.00）(1).The authors treatment of the “hyperenthusiasts“ can best be described as one of _. A. tolerance B. appreciation C. dismissal D. sarcasm（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, there was a good deal of agreement between the expansionist and structuralist theories on _. A. how to reduce unemployment in the 1960s B. how to reduce unemployment to 4 percent C. what role the government played in reducing unemployment D. how to eliminate structural deficiencies（分数
