1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 41 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_To master the violin takes 10,000 hours of practice. Put in that time and【C1】_
2、will follow. This, at least, is what many music teachers tell their pupils. Psychologists are more【C2】_. Some agree practice truly is the thing that【C3】_experts from beginners, but others suspect genes play a role, too, and that【C4】_the right genetic make-up even 20,000 hours of practice would be po
3、intless. A study just published in Psychological Science, by Miriam Mosing of the Karolinska Institute, in Sweden, suggests that the skeptics are【C5】_. Practicing music without the right genes to【C6】_that practice up is【C7】_useless. Dr Mosing drew her【C8】_in a time-honored wayby studying twins. She
4、and her colleagues【C9】_1,211 pairs of identical twins (who share all their genes) and 1,358 pairs of fraternal twins (who share half). They asked each participant【C10】_he or she played a musical instrument or actively【C11】_singing. Those who did were asked to【C12】_how many hours a week they had prac
5、ticed at different ages. From this Dr Mosing was able to calculate a【C13】_for each individual“s lifetime practice. Anyone who did not play an instrument or sing got no point. Next, Dr Mosing tested her volunteers“ musical a-bilities. Expert musicians are exceptionally good at【C14】_differences in pit
6、ch, melody and rhythm. She therefore expected to find that if someone had put in【C15】_practice time his musical ability would be as high as an expert“s. But that was not true. In fact, there appeared to be no【C16】_between practice and musical ability of the sort she was measuring. A twin who practic
7、ed more than his genetically identical co-twin did not appear to have better musical abilities as a result. In one case the difference between two such twins was 20,228 hours of practice,【C17】_the pair“s measured musical abilities were found to be the same. That is not to say practice has no【C18】_.
8、Playing an instrument and singing are physical skills, and do take a long time to【C19】_. And Dr Mosing has shown that musical ability has a big genetic【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.prestigeB.expertiseC.confidenceD.interest(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.radicalB.knowledgeableC.dependableD.skeptical(3).【C3】
9、（分数：2.00）A.separatesB.keepsC.detachesD.guarantees(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.exceptB.despiteC.withoutD.behind(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.cleverB.rightC.wrongD.stupid(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.backB.warmC.clearD.link(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.soB.eitherC.quiteD.indeed(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.attentionB.assumptionC.conclusionD.distinction(9
10、).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.surveyedB.observedC.checkedD.examined(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whyC.whetherD.where(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.exposed toB.concerned aboutC.engaged inD.connected with(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.imagineB.estimateC.dictateD.prove(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.percentageB.costC.profitD.score(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）
11、A.recordingB.revisingC.detectingD.researching(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.scientificB.enjoyableC.inspiringD.sufficient(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.relationshipB.variationC.interactionD.boundary(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.so thatB.even thoughC.now thatD.even if(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.valueB.prospectC.directionD.efficiency(19)
12、.【C19】（分数：2.00）A.evaluateB.demonstrateC.masterD.prepare(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.influenceB.consequenceC.opponentD.componentBig companies swallow little ones every day. So the【C1】_on March 25th by Yahoo (annual revenue, $5 billion) of Summly, a British start-up (annual revenue, zero), for a reported $30m
13、 would normally【C2】_merely a shrug of the shoulders and some muttering about the【C3】_economics of the internet. The deal is worth noting,【C4】_, for two reasons. One is that Summly“s founder, Nick d“Aloisio, is only 17: this summer he will be sitting his【C5】_like other teenagers. He invented an iPhon
14、e app to【C6】_articles in 300-400 characters, ideal for the smartphone-user wondering what he should【C7】_reading. Li Ka-shing, a Hong Kong telecoms tycoon, invested money in the【C8】_, having got wind of an early version of the app after tech blogs wrote about it, Mr d“Aloisio says. Famous actors, art
15、ists and entrepreneurs have also【C9】_in, taking the sum outsiders invested in Summly to $1.5m. Mr d“Aloisio says that he remained the largest shareholder. The second reason is that Summly is just the latest of half a dozen start-ups【C10】_by Yahoo in as many months. The internet company has also boug
16、ht Stamped, Alike and Jybe, which built apps for personalized recommendations of,【C11】_other things, books, food and music; OnTheAir, a video-chat company; and Snip.it, which created an app for managing and sharing articles. Marissa Mayer, Yahoo“s boss since July, says she is【C12】_make the company a
17、 stronger force on smartphones and tablets. Yahoo was born on the desktop, but【C13】_Apple, Google, Amazon and Facebook, points out Thomas Husson of Forrester, a research firm, it【C14】_a mobile platform, such as an operating system or social network, through which to provide its【C15】_. Yahoo, says Mr
18、 Husson, “will have to go through the【C16】_platforms to maximize reach“. On mobile devices, thinks Mr Husson, personalized content will be especially【C17】_. The companies bought by Yahoo have all been trying to provide【C18】_that. Ms Mayer, who has also improved Yahoo“s news and e-mail apps in recent
19、 months, has neither time nor money to【C19】_. Had she waited until Mr d“Aloisio left school, it might have been too【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.statementB.proposeC.purchaseD.operation(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.meritB.earnC.rateD.demand(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.disastrousB.controversialC.notoriousD.curious(4
20、).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.alsoB.thoughC.thenD.therefore(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.certificatesB.suspectsC.experimentsD.exams(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.compriseB.summarizeC.publishD.appreciate(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.botherB.recommendC.favorD.delay(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.designB.projectC.ventureD.instrument(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.brokeB.cut
21、C.steppedD.chipped(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.snapped upB.held upC.turned overD.taken over(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.amongB.withinC.throughD.behind(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.frightened toB.determined toC.encouraged toD.disappointed to(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.beforeB.inC.unlikeD.from(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.restrictsB.lacksC.o
22、pposesD.prefers(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.technologyB.guidanceC.contentD.assistance(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.superiorB.unusualC.uniqueD.various(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.beneficialB.advancedC.formidableD.attractive(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.increasinglyB.exactlyC.merelyD.massively(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.manageB.relaxC.spareD
23、.react(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.lateB.exhaustingC.easyD.complicated考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 41 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：To master the
24、violin takes 10,000 hours of practice. Put in that time and【C1】_will follow. This, at least, is what many music teachers tell their pupils. Psychologists are more【C2】_. Some agree practice truly is the thing that【C3】_experts from beginners, but others suspect genes play a role, too, and that【C4】_the
25、 right genetic make-up even 20,000 hours of practice would be pointless. A study just published in Psychological Science, by Miriam Mosing of the Karolinska Institute, in Sweden, suggests that the skeptics are【C5】_. Practicing music without the right genes to【C6】_that practice up is【C7】_useless. Dr
26、Mosing drew her【C8】_in a time-honored wayby studying twins. She and her colleagues【C9】_1,211 pairs of identical twins (who share all their genes) and 1,358 pairs of fraternal twins (who share half). They asked each participant【C10】_he or she played a musical instrument or actively【C11】_singing. Thos
27、e who did were asked to【C12】_how many hours a week they had practiced at different ages. From this Dr Mosing was able to calculate a【C13】_for each individual“s lifetime practice. Anyone who did not play an instrument or sing got no point. Next, Dr Mosing tested her volunteers“ musical a-bilities. Ex
28、pert musicians are exceptionally good at【C14】_differences in pitch, melody and rhythm. She therefore expected to find that if someone had put in【C15】_practice time his musical ability would be as high as an expert“s. But that was not true. In fact, there appeared to be no【C16】_between practice and m
29、usical ability of the sort she was measuring. A twin who practiced more than his genetically identical co-twin did not appear to have better musical abilities as a result. In one case the difference between two such twins was 20,228 hours of practice,【C17】_the pair“s measured musical abilities were
30、found to be the same. That is not to say practice has no【C18】_. Playing an instrument and singing are physical skills, and do take a long time to【C19】_. And Dr Mosing has shown that musical ability has a big genetic【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.prestigeB.expertise C.confidenceD.interest解析：解析：a
31、nd 表示顺接关系，故可认为will follow 是 Put in that time 的结果。上句的表明，花1 万个小时来拉小提琴(Put in that time 所指代的事情)，就能学会小提琴。B 项 expertise“专长”可指“会拉小提琴”这项音乐技能，与 master 呼应。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.radicalB.knowledgeableC.dependableD.skeptical 解析：解析：从下文 Some，but others suspect可知，心理学家并不都赞同“花 1 万个小时的练习就能学好拉小提琴”的观点。D 项 skeptical“怀疑的”可
32、对应下句的 suspect。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.separates B.keepsC.detachesD.guarantees解析：解析：agree 表明一部分心理学家同意上述观点。A 项 separates 能与 from 搭配，意为“区别，分开”，代入后表明练习确实能将专家从新手中区分开来。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.exceptB.despiteC.without D.behind解析：解析：genes play a role，too 表明了基因的影响作用。结合空格后的 even 20,000 hoursof practice would be pointle
33、ss(即便是练习 2 万个小时也无济于事)可知，若没有合适的遗传基因，练习再多也没有用。故 C 项 without“没有”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.cleverB.right C.wrongD.stupid解析：解析：第二段最后一句谈到“没有优良的遗传基因，练习就没有用处”，与上文怀疑论者(skeptics)的设想是一致的。故 B 项 right 能满足句子的语义要求，排除 C 项。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.back B.warmC.clearD.link解析：解析：A 项 back 作动词用时常与 up 搭配使用，意为“支持”，代入后 the right genes
34、 tothat practice up 意为“能促进音乐技能练习的优良基因”，满足空格的逻辑和搭配。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.soB.eitherC.quiteD.indeed 解析：解析：倒数第二段的研究结果表明，一个人进行了足够多的练习并不能(that was not true)达到专家那样高的音乐水准。可见没有音乐细胞再怎么练习的确是无用的。D 项 indeed“的确，确实”常用于强调或肯定上文已经出现过的观点，符合要求。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.attentionB.assumptionC.conclusion D.distinction解析：解析：句中 in
35、a time-honored wayby studying twins 涉及 Mosing 在此项研究中采用的方法。通过此研究方法，Mosing 才能得出相关的结论，故推断所需名词有“结论”之意。C 项 conclusion“结论”满足句子的逻辑要求。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.surveyed B.observedC.checkedD.examined解析：解析：上句表明 Mosing 的研究对象是双胞胎(twins)，具体来说就是空格后的 identical twins(同卵双胞胎)和 fraternal twins(异卵双胞胎)，推断填入的动词与上句 studying 语义相近
36、。A 项surveyed“调查，问卷调查”符合语义。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whyC.whether D.where解析：解析：根据下句 Those who did 及本段最后一句 Anyone who did not 可知，并不是所有人都懂乐器。推断研究者首先询问被调查者是否会乐器，选 C 项 whether。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.exposed toB.concerned aboutC.engaged in D.connected with解析：解析：or 前面的内容与乐器相关，指“会演奏乐器”，故推断与 singing 有关的活动是“唱歌”
37、，因为它们属于“音乐才能”的范畴。C 项 engaged in“参与，从事”可与 singing 搭配，表示积极参与唱歌活动。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.imagineB.estimate C.dictateD.prove解析：解析：空格后的 how many hours被调查者被询问的内容。被调查者的记性再好，也不可能准确地记住以前不同年龄段的练习时间，故 B 项 estimate“估计”符合常理和逻辑，代入后指研究者问及他们大致的练习时间。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.percentageB.costC.profitD.score 解析：解析：根据下句“没有学习过
38、乐器或者唱歌的人没有分数(got no point)”的语义，可推测Mosing 依据这些调查内容，计算出每个人一生总共练习的时间并据此给出分数。故 D 项 score 符合语义要求和搭配习惯。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.recordingB.revisingC.detecting D.researching解析：解析：空格所在句的主语是 Expert musicians(内行的音乐家)，故其后的内容 differencesin pitch都是他们擅长的事。C 项 detecting“察觉，识别”正确。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.scientificB.enjoya
39、bleC.inspiringD.sufficient 解析：解析：首段提到，心理学家假设的另一情况是：如果没有音乐细胞，再多的练习也是徒劳。故应推断在研究中，Mosing 确认被调查者现有的音乐技能之后，还需考察增加练习时间是否会提高被调查者的音乐技能。D 项 sufficient“足够的”代入后句意为“是否一个人进行了足够多的练习就能达到专家那样高的音乐水准”，这是 Mosing 想要研究的问题，符合语篇和逻辑要求。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.relationship B.variationC.interactionD.boundary解析：解析：下句指出一位练习更长时间的测试
40、者并没有因此而比他的同卵双胞胎具有更出色的音乐才能，可见音乐才能与练习之间并没有内在的联系，选 A 项 relationship“联系”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.so thatB.even though C.now thatD.even if解析：解析：该句表明，练习者练习时间相差 20228 小时，但音乐才能却相同(the same)。可见空格前后分句间存在一定的转折关系，故 B 项 even though“尽管”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.value B.prospectC.directionD.efficiency解析：解析：下旬指出演奏乐器和唱歌都是身
41、体技能，要花费很长时间，do take a long time 的强调句型是对练习时间的作用予以肯定，故推断空格所在句欲说明练习也有一定的用处。A 项 value“价值”代入后句子语义符合常理和语篇要求。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.evaluateB.demonstrateC.master D.prepare解析：解析：空格前提到演奏乐器和唱歌是 physical skills(身体技能)，要经过长时间才能学会或掌握。故 C 项 master“掌握”符合逻辑要求。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.influenceB.consequenceC.opponentD.comp
42、onent 解析：解析：空格前 genetic 一词是文中 genes 的形容词形式，故 that 引导的宾语从句仍说明 musical ability 与基因的联系，该句的语义和逻辑应与 Mosing 的研究结论一致。D 项 component“构件，组成”表明音乐才能的组成部分中很大一部分是遗传基因。Big companies swallow little ones every day. So the【C1】_on March 25th by Yahoo (annual revenue, $5 billion) of Summly, a British start-up (annual r
43、evenue, zero), for a reported $30m would normally【C2】_merely a shrug of the shoulders and some muttering about the【C3】_economics of the internet. The deal is worth noting,【C4】_, for two reasons. One is that Summly“s founder, Nick d“Aloisio, is only 17: this summer he will be sitting his【C5】_like oth
44、er teenagers. He invented an iPhone app to【C6】_articles in 300-400 characters, ideal for the smartphone-user wondering what he should【C7】_reading. Li Ka-shing, a Hong Kong telecoms tycoon, invested money in the【C8】_, having got wind of an early version of the app after tech blogs wrote about it, Mr
45、d“Aloisio says. Famous actors, artists and entrepreneurs have also【C9】_in, taking the sum outsiders invested in Summly to $1.5m. Mr d“Aloisio says that he remained the largest shareholder. The second reason is that Summly is just the latest of half a dozen start-ups【C10】_by Yahoo in as many months.
46、The internet company has also bought Stamped, Alike and Jybe, which built apps for personalized recommendations of,【C11】_other things, books, food and music; OnTheAir, a video-chat company; and Snip.it, which created an app for managing and sharing articles. Marissa Mayer, Yahoo“s boss since July, s
47、ays she is【C12】_make the company a stronger force on smartphones and tablets. Yahoo was born on the desktop, but【C13】_Apple, Google, Amazon and Facebook, points out Thomas Husson of Forrester, a research firm, it【C14】_a mobile platform, such as an operating system or social network, through which to provide its【C15】_. Yahoo, says Mr Husson, “will have to go through the【C16】_platforms to maximize reach“. On mobile devices, thinks Mr Husson, personalized content will be especially【C17】_. The companies bought by Yahoo have all been trying to provide【C18】_that. Ms Mayer, who has also impr
