1、考研英语二（阅读）-试卷 8 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_In the past 35 years, hundreds of millions of Chines
2、e have found productive, if often exhausting, work in the country“s growing cities. This extraordinary mobilization of labour is the biggest economic event of the past half-century. The world has seen nothing on such scale before. Will it see anything like it again? The answer lies across the Himala
3、yas in India. India is an ancient civilization but a youthful country. Its working-age population is rising by about 12m people a year, even as China“s shrank last year by 3m. Within a decade India will have the biggest potential workforce in the world. Optimists look forward to a bumper “demographi
4、c dividend“ , the result of more workers per dependant and more saving out of income. This combination accounted for perhaps a third of the East Asian miracle. India “has time on its side, literally,“ boasted one prominent politician, Kamal Nath, in a 2008 book entitled “India“s Century“. But althou
5、gh India“s dreamers have faith in its youth, the country“s youngest have growing reason to doubt India. The economy raised aspirations that it has subsequently failed to meet. From 2005 to 2007 it grew by about 9% a year. In 2010 it even grew faster than China(if the two economies are measured consi
6、stently). But growth has since halved. India“s impressive savings rate, the other side of the demographic dividend, has also slipped. Worryingly, a growing share of household saving is bypassing the financial system altogether, seeking refuge from inflation in gold, bricks and mortar. The last time
7、a Congress-led government liberalized the economy in earnestin 1991over 40% of today“s Indians had yet to be born. Their anxieties must seem remote to India“s elderly politicians. The average age of cabinet minister is 65. The country has never had a prime minister born in independent India. One man
8、 who might buck that trend, Rahul Gandhi, is the son, grandson and the great-grandson of former prime ministers. India is run by gerontocrats(老年统治者)and epigones(子孙): grey hairs and groomed heirs . The apparent indifference of the police to the way young women in particular are treated has underlined
9、 the way that old India fails to protect new India.（分数：10.00）(1).China is mentioned in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.show its scale of labour forceB.highlight its economic growthC.introduce the topic of IndiaD.stress the importance of labour(2).Which is true according to Paragraph 2?（分数：2.00）A.India“s workin
10、g-age population has shrunk.B.China“s working-age population has been rising.C.India is now the biggest potential workforce in the world.D.India is an ancient country but a young one in the modern world.(3).Which one can best describe Kamal Nath towards India“s future?（分数：2.00）A.Confident.B.Worried.
11、C.Doubtful.D.Negative.(4).The fourth paragraph shows us that_.（分数：2.00）A.India has reached its economic targetB.India“s economic growth has halved after 2010C.Indians have become doubtful about their countryD.India“s savings rate has increased from 2005 to 2007(5).The underlined phrase “grey hairs a
12、nd groomed heirs“(Para 5, Line 5)means_.（分数：2.00）A.old men and young womenB.elderly rulers and their descendantsC.prime ministers and their successorsD.prime ministers and their grandsonsIt“s a safe bet that David Joyce knows more than you did when you were his birth age. That“s not hard, since what
13、 you knew back then was pretty much nothing at all. You knew warmth, you knew darkness, you knew a sublime, drifting peace. You had been conceived 29 weeks earlier, and if you were like most people, you had 11 weeks to go before you reached your fully formed 40. It was only then that you“d emerge in
14、to the storm of stimuli that is the world. No such luck for David. He was born on Jan. 28well shy of his April 16 due datein an e-mergency cesarean(剖腹产的)section after his mother had begun bleeding heavily. He weighed 2 lb. 11 oz. , or 1,200g, and was just 15 in.(38cm)tall. An American Girl doll is 3
15、 in.(8cm)taller. Immediately, he began learning a lot of thingsabout bright lights and cold hands, needle sticks and loud noises. He learned what it feels like to be hungry, to be frightened, to be unable to breathe. What all this meant was that if David wanted to stay alive, he“d have to work hard
16、at it, and he was. Take drinking from a bottlewhich he had never tried until a morning in late March, at the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)of the Children“s Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. David had spent every day of his then seven-week life there, in the company of 58 other very fragile ba
17、bies being looked after by a round-the-clock SWAT team of nearly 300 nutritionists, pharmacologists, pulmonary specialists, surgeons, nurses and dietitians and, for when the need arises, a pair of chaplains. Under their care, he had grown to 18. lin.(46cm)and weighed 51b. 11.5 oz.(2594g), nourished
18、by breast milk from his mother, which was fed to him through a nasogastric tube(鼻胃管)threaded through his nose to his stomach. David“s father and mother live 90 minutes away in Randolph, Wis. They had been at the hospital every day after work for 51 days straight at that pointa three-hour round-tript
19、o spend a few more hours with David.（分数：10.00）(1).We know from the text that_.（分数：2.00）A.David was born 11 weeks earlier than common babiesB.David came to the world when he reached 40 weeks oldC.David was born in a peaceful environment like common babiesD.most people bet that David would not survive
20、 after he was born(2).What can we infer from the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.David was lighter and shorter than common babies when he was bom.B.David was just a little taller than an American Girl doll.C.David began learning using needles at his early age.D.David never feels frightened in the hospit
21、al.(3).David had stayed at NICU where_.（分数：2.00）A.he was being taken care of by 300 nursesB.hundreds of other weak babies were thereC.he was being looked after well by expertsD.he had been recovering better than others(4).What can be learned from the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Food and liquid were fe
22、d to David through a nasogastric tube.B.David had grown taller and weighed heavier under the care of hospital.C.David“s parents had to spend 90 minutes for a round-trip to see David.D.David“s parents had given up hope for they had spent too much on him.(5).The text mainly discusses David“s_.（分数：2.00
23、）A.fragilityB.misfortuneC.luck and joyD.struggle to liveThanks to the GPS, the apps on your phone have long been able to determine your general location. But what if they could do so with enough precision that a supermarket, say, could tempt you with digital coupons depending on whether you were hov
24、ering near the white bread or the bagels? It may sound far-fetched, but there“s a good chance the technology is already built into your iPhone or Android device. All it takes for retailers to tap into it are small, inexpensive transmitters called beacons. Here“s how it works: using Bluetooth technol
25、ogy, handsets can pinpoint their position to within as little as 2cm by receiving signals from the beacons stores install. Apple“s version of the concept is called iBeacon; it“s in use at its own stores and is being tested by Macy“s, American Eagle, Safeway, the National Football League and Major Le
26、ague Baseball. Companies can then use your location to pelt(连续攻击)you with special offers or simply monitor your movements. But just as with GPS, they won“t see you unless you“ve installed their apps and granted them access. By melding your physical position with facts they“ve already collected about
27、 you from rewards programs, brick-and-mortar businesses can finally get the potentially profitable insight into your shopping habits that online merchants now take for granted. The possibilities go beyond coupons. PayPal is readying a beacon that will let consumers pay for goods without swiping a ca
28、rd or removing a phone from their pocket. Doug Thompson of industry site Beekn. net predicts the technology will become an everyday reality by year“s end. But don“t look for stores or venues to call attention to the devices. “ People won“t know these beacons are there,“ he says. “They“ll just know t
29、heir app has suddenly become smarter. “（分数：10.00）(1).The GPS on your phone can_.（分数：2.00）A.locate your general positionB.prevent you from being followedC.help you decide which shop to enterD.provide you with a safer environment(2).According to the second paragraph, which one of the following is true
30、?（分数：2.00）A.iBeacon has already been applied to new iPhones.B.The technology of precise location will be remote.C.With beacons, we can locate people“s exact position.D.Beacons are small and cheap but hard-to-reach transmitters.(3).Precise location may be used to_.（分数：2.00）A.help police to locate cri
31、minalsB.oversee the movement of a suspectC.collect customers“ personal informationD.vend special commodities to customers(4).The phrase “ brick-and-mortar businesses“(Para 3, Line 4)is relative and closest to_.（分数：2.00）A.rewards programsB.physical storesC.profitable insightD.shopping habits(5).PayPa
32、l is preparing a beacon that will_.（分数：2.00）A.change the shopping habits of consumersB.make customers get their goods without payingC.make consumers pay for goods more convenientlyD.become the only way that consumers pay for their goodsIt“s 2:45 p. m. on a Wednesday, and Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garce
33、tti is in the backseat of a black Chevy Tahoe that“s inching its way to city hall along the 101 freeway. This stretch of the often clogged road is eight lanes, but there are so many cars on it that everyone is moving at about 30 km/h, a single mass of steel and glass lurching toward downtown. Just a
34、 few hours earlier, Garcetti was traveling a lot faster. To get to an event in University Cit-y, about 16 km from his office, Garcetti took the city“s Red Line subway, which can reach speed of up to 110 km/ha pace L. A. “s rush-hour drivers can only dream about. Persuading more Angele-nos to take th
35、e train could go a long way toward solving one of L. A. “s most intractable problems. “ We don“t need people to completely give up their cars,“ he says while holding onto a pole on the Red Line. “But right now, we average 1. 1 people per car. If we could get that to 1.6, the traffic problem would go
36、 away. “ In L. A. , cars are a source of smog, billions of dollars in lost productivity every year and endless frustration for residents. “Every working person plans their life around traffic in this town,“ say Zev Yaro-slavsky, a Los Angeles County supervisor and longtime friend of Garcetti“s. “ Bu
37、ilding a transportation infrastructure is something that needs to be focused on, and Eric gets that. “ Should Garcetti, 43who was elected in May as the youngest mayor of L. A. in more than a centuryever manage to get the freeways flowing, it would be a triumph. And it would only begin to cure what a
38、ils L. A. Los Angeles“ structural problems are daunting. The city has fewer jobs now than it did in 1990, with a regional unemployment rate that is more than 2 points higher than the national average. L. A. is also buckling under health care and pension costs and is scaling back public services to c
39、ompensate. The 20142015 budget is projected to be $ 242 million in the red. As the Los Angeles 2020 Commission, a group of business, labor and public-sector leaders charged by the city council with diagnosing the region“s ills, put it in a December report, “ Los Angeles is barely treading water whil
40、e the rest of the world is moving forward. “（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the descriptions are about_.（分数：2.00）A.traffic jamB.car accidentC.urban sprawlD.population problem(2).Garcetti took a subway instead of traveling in a car because_.（分数：2.00）A.traveling by car is out of dateB.subway is
41、environmentally-friendlyC.taking subway is more convenient for himD.subway is much faster than car during the rush-hour(3).We know from the third paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.L. A. has to focus on manufacturing more carsB.Garcetti is the youngest mayor in L. A. “s historyC.traffic jam is one of the pr
42、oblems that L. A. facesD.Garcetti has already made the highways flowing(4).By saying “Los Angeles is barely treading water“ , the author means_.（分数：2.00）A.it is flooded with waterB.its economy is stagnantC.it has so many problemsD.its prospect is promising(5).Which one would be the best title of thi
43、s text?（分数：2.00）A.L. A.“s Traffic ProblemB.SubwayReplacement of CarC.L. A. “s Trafficthe Worst in the U. S.D.L. A. “s Traffic Jam and Structural Problems考研英语二（阅读）-试卷 8 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part ADirections: R
44、ead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_解析：In the past 35 years, hundreds of millions of Chinese have found productive, if often exhausting, work in the country“s growing cities. This extraordinary mobilization of labour is the biggest e
45、conomic event of the past half-century. The world has seen nothing on such scale before. Will it see anything like it again? The answer lies across the Himalayas in India. India is an ancient civilization but a youthful country. Its working-age population is rising by about 12m people a year, even a
46、s China“s shrank last year by 3m. Within a decade India will have the biggest potential workforce in the world. Optimists look forward to a bumper “demographic dividend“ , the result of more workers per dependant and more saving out of income. This combination accounted for perhaps a third of the Ea
47、st Asian miracle. India “has time on its side, literally,“ boasted one prominent politician, Kamal Nath, in a 2008 book entitled “India“s Century“. But although India“s dreamers have faith in its youth, the country“s youngest have growing reason to doubt India. The economy raised aspirations that it
48、 has subsequently failed to meet. From 2005 to 2007 it grew by about 9% a year. In 2010 it even grew faster than China(if the two economies are measured consistently). But growth has since halved. India“s impressive savings rate, the other side of the demographic dividend, has also slipped. Worryingly, a growing share of household saving is bypassing the financial system altogether, seeking refuge from inflation in gold, bricks and mortar. The last time a
