1、考研英语二（阅读）-试卷 4 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_Leaving the European Union would save every Dutch ho
2、usehold 9,800 a year by 2035, claims Capital Economics, a London consultancy, in a report commissioned by Geert Wilders“ far-right PVV party. Mr Wilders calls this “the best news in years“ , painting a picture of a country freed from the chokehold of Brussels, mass migration and high taxes, and enjo
3、ying more trade, more jobs and a booming economy. The report lists the benefits of departure; lower business costs because of less regulation; no more net payments to the EU; a doubling of the share of trade with emerging markets; faster economic recovery. The only cost is the transition from the eu
4、ro to a new guilder, and this is “modest and manageable“. The report concludes that Dutch GDP would be 1013% higher by 2035. This finds a receptive audience among those Dutch who are looking for scapegoats. Unemployment has doubled since 2008 and the economy is flat. A recent poll finds a majority o
5、f Dutch voters in favour of leaving the EU if that would lead to more jobs and growth. The PVV is leading in opinion polls before the European elections in May. Yet there are problems with the Capital Economics report. The idea that the economy would miraculously recover if freed from the European C
6、entral Bank“s policies ignores the structural failings that hold it back. The assumption that having the guilder would allow a much looser monetary policy is, at best, questionable. And it defies political reality to imagine that Netherlands would enjoy virtually cost-free access to the EU“s single
7、market, which takes 75% of Dutch exports. Norway and Switzerland both pay for the privilege and have to comply with most EU laws and regulations; the latest Swiss vote for quotas on EU migration threatens the entire relationship. Despite its flaws, the report fires a welcome starting-gun for a debat
8、e about what is good and bad about the EU. Some 66% of the Dutch feel their “No“ vote in the 2005 referendum on the EU constitution was largely ignored. If regulation costs as much as the report claims, and if the ECB“s monetary policy is too restrictive, both should be changed. Defenders of the EU
9、also need to stress its less tangible benefits, such as peace, shared interests and the boost to the fight against cross-border crime.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraph 1, if Holland left the EU, _.（分数：2.00）A.it would bring numerous benefitsB.economy would soon be prosperousC.no taxes would be imp
10、osed upon its peopleD.every Dutch would consider it as the best news(2).The report says that departing from the EU brings all benefits EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.less restrictionsB.more share of tradeC.higher family incomeD.change of currency system(3).We can learn from the fourth paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A
11、.Holland mainly focuses its exports to European countriesB.Norway and Switzerland acquire more privileges from the EUC.Dutch currency will undoubtedly allow a looser monetary policyD.economy would miraculously recover if Holland is freed from the EU(4).The author“s attitude towards the Capital Econo
12、mics report is_.（分数：2.00）A.supportiveB.skepticalC.objectiveD.ambiguous(5).Advocates of the European Union highlight that_.（分数：2.00）A.the flaws account for very small proportionB.all countries except Holland benefit from the EUC.transnational crime would be effectively strickenD.the EU“s monetary pol
13、icy is too restrictive to complyWhen the residents of Buenos Aires want to change the pesos they do not trust into the dollars they do, they go to a cueva, or “cave“ , an office that acts as a front for a thriving illegal exchange market. In one cueva near Florida Street, a pedestrian avenue in the
14、centre of the city, piles of pesos from previous transactions lie on a table. A courier is getting ready to carry the notes to safety-deposit boxes. This smallish cueva handles transactions worth $ 50,00075 ,000 a day. Fear of inflation and of further depreciation of the peso, which fell by more tha
15、n 20% in January, will keep demand for dollars high. Few other ways of making money are this good. “ Modern Argentina does not offer what you could call an institutional career,“ says one cueva owner. As the couriers carry their bundles around Buenos Aires, they pass grand buildings like the Teatro
16、Col6n, an opera house that opened in 1908, and the Retire railway station, completed in 1915. These are emblems of Argentina“s Belle 6poque, the period before the outbreak of the first world war when the country could claim to be the world“s true land of opportunity. In the 43 years leading up to 19
17、14, GDP had grown at an annual rate of 6% , the fastest recorded in the world. The country was a magnet for European immigrants, who flocked to find work on the fertile pampas, where crops and cattle were propelling Argentina“s expansion. In 1914 half of Buenos Aires“s population was foreign-born. T
18、he country ranked among the ten richest in the world, after the likes of Australia, Britain and the United States, but ahead of France, Germany and Italy. Its income per head was 92% of the average of 16 rich economies. From this point, it looked down its nose at its neighbours: Brazil“s population
19、was less than a quarter as well-off. It never got better than this. Although Argentina has had periods of robust growth in the past centurynot least during the commodity boom of the past ten yearsand its people remain wealthier than most Latin Americans, its standing as one of the world“s most vibra
20、nt economies is a distant memory. Its income per head is now 43% of those same 16 rich economies; it trails Chile and Uruguay in its own backyard.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text,which is NOT true about cueva?（分数：2.00）A.It serves as an illegal currency-exchange market.B.Making money through cueva
21、 is not a bright idea.C.It is usually small in size and owned by individuals.D.Depreciation of the peso may be good news for cueva.(2).Buenos Aires is mentioned in the text to_.（分数：2.00）A.describe the city in detailB.present cueva in particularC.show the prosperity of Latin AmericaD.introduce the to
22、pic: Argentina“s past boom(3).Before the outbreak of World War I, Argentina_.（分数：2.00）A.depended mainly on agricultureB.was the richest country in the worldC.had no appeal to European immigrantsD.had the highest GDP recorded in the world(4).We know from the fourth paragraph that_ .（分数：2.00）A.Argenti
23、na is now ranking among the ten richest countries in the worldB.Argentina“s average income accounts for 92% of all 16 rich economiesC.Argentina was much richer than Brazil, where many people lived in povertyD.Argentina was looked down upon by countries like Australia, the UK and the US(5).Argentina“
24、s boom is a distant memory because_.（分数：2.00）A.its economy has been stagnant for a centuryB.it is one of the world“s most vibrant economiesC.it is now less wealthier than most of its neigboursD.its average income is much lower than ever beforeOf the 658 schools in Chicago, only 126 are charter schoo
25、lspublicly funded but independently run and largely free of union rules. Fifteen more are due to open this year. More notable, though, is that four of the most recently-approved charters are in areas where the city recently decided to close 49 public schoolsthe largest round of such closures in Amer
26、ica“s history. Most of the closed schools served poor black children, and were in parts of the city with a shrinking population. The city government argued that these schools were under-used, and that closing them would save $ 233m that could be reinvested. So it has been; in new science labs, compu
27、ters, wireless, libraries, art rooms and air conditioning in the charters that took in children from the closed schools. Charters have worked well in Chicago. Most parents like them, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel and the Board of Education are behind them. The Noble Network, which already runs 14 charter h
28、igh schools, has just been given permission to open two new ones. Around 36% of the 9,000, mostly poor, children enrolled with Noble can expect to graduate from college, compared with 11 % for this income bracket city-wide. A 2013 study by Stanford University found that the typical Illinois charter
29、pupil gained two weeks of additional learning in reading, and a month in maths, over their counterparts in traditional public schools. One city network of charters, Youth Connection, is credited with reducing Chicago“s dropout rate by 7% in a decade. Overall, however, the city“s public schools are i
30、n a sorry state: 51,000 out of 240,000 elementary-school pupils did not meet state reading standards in 2013. Some will always argue that charters cream off the brighter children and leave sink schools, deprived of resources, behind. The teachers“ unions hate charter schools because they are non-uni
31、onised. So they remain a rarity nationwide, with only 5% of children enrolled in them. But a PDK/Gallup poll last year found that 70% of Americans support them. Small wonder; a study of charter high schools in Florida found that they boosted pupils“ earning power in later life by more than 10%.（分数：1
32、0.00）(1).Which one is NOT true about charter schools?（分数：2.00）A.Some charters will accept the children from the closed schools.B.They are sponsored by public funding and have less restrictions.C.The newly-opened charter schools have advanced infrastructures.D.15 more charter schools are scheduled to
33、 open in America this year.(2).49 public schools were closed because_.（分数：2.00）A.they waste resources and cost a lotB.the government needs fund to investC.the facilities of these schools are oldD.the population of students has shrunk(3).Rahm Emanuel“s attitude towards charters is_.（分数：2.00）A.doubtfu
34、lB.impartialC.supportiveD.ambiguous(4).Charter schools can achieve all the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.sending more students to collegeB.eliminating dropout rate completelyC.encouraging more reading and learningD.taking in poor children from public schools(5).We can infer from the last paragraph th
35、at_.（分数：2.00）A.teachers hate charter schools because they deprive of resourcesB.only a small proportion of students are learning in charter schoolsC.public schools can boost pupils“ earning power by more than 10%D.children enrolled in charter schools will find a good job in the futureJohn Lee likes
36、to tinker with vehicles: his four-wheel-drive resembles a tractor more than a car. “It“s watertight,“ he smiles. For the past week he has been driving down sodden lanes in Surrey, southwest of London, transporting people and medicines. Flooding is a misery, but at least it provides an opportunity to
37、 show off a set of wheels. Much of southern England is now sodden, and parts of the Thames Valley and Somerset are simply underwater. In Shepperton, a town in Surrey, the village green used for the summer fete is best reached by canoe. In Devon a sea wall has collapsed, shutting down a vital railway
38、 link to the south-west. As The Economist went to press, 16 severe flood warnings had been issued by the Environment Agency, a much-criticised quango that oversees flood defence. Floods are like snowflakes, says Andrew McKenzie of the British Geological Survey, a research body: none is quite like an
39、other. Rivers can overflow, as in Somerset. Groundwater can flood, as in the Thames Valley. Tides can surge, inundating villages, as they have in Lincolnshire. Rain can pound down too quickly to be absorbed. None of these is rare on its own. But over the past two months Britain has been subject to t
40、he whole lot, often in combination, over a large area. Last month was the wettest January in southern England since 1910. The rain was unusually prolonged, falling on 23 days out of 31 , a four-decade record. Rain continues to fall on this sodden ground. As a result, the Thames river has been runnin
41、g high for longer than at any point since records began in 1883. The calamitous floods that struck England in 1947, by contrast, were over much more quickly. Fingers have been pointed at the government, for squeezing the Environment Agency“s budget. According to the Committee on Climate Change, an i
42、ndependent body, government funding for flood management between 2011 and 2015 will be less than in the previous four years, even in cash terms. The maintenance budget was cut particularly savagely, says Iain Sturdy of the Somerset drainage board.（分数：10.00）(1).The tractor-like car is described mainl
43、y to show_.（分数：2.00）A.severity of the floodB.lack of transportationC.uniqueness of wheelsD.shortage of medicines(2).What can be inferred from the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Most parts of England suffered from the disastrous flood.B.Many railroads have been shut down because of the flood.C.The Econo
44、mist was criticized for not covering the flood warnings.D.It was too late for the Environment Agency to issue the flood warnings.(3).The underlined word “inundating“(Para 3, Line 3)most probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.emergingB.submergingC.sinkingD.diving(4).According to Paragraph 4, which one of the fol
45、lowing is true?（分数：2.00）A.The day of rain in this January broke a century record.B.The water level of the Thames has been highest in history.C.In 1947, another serious flood struck England but was over soon.D.The rain had been falling for 31 days, which broke a 40-year record.(5).The best title of t
46、he text may be_.（分数：2.00）A.Flood: Who Is to BlameB.Can We Prevent the FloodsC.A Disastrous Flood in EnglandD.Natural Disasters in Human World考研英语二（阅读）-试卷 4 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the foll
47、owing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_解析：Leaving the European Union would save every Dutch household 9,800 a year by 2035, claims Capital Economics, a London consultancy, in a report commissioned by Geert Wilders“ far-right PVV party. Mr Wilders c
48、alls this “the best news in years“ , painting a picture of a country freed from the chokehold of Brussels, mass migration and high taxes, and enjoying more trade, more jobs and a booming economy. The report lists the benefits of departure; lower business costs because of less regulation; no more net payments to the EU; a doubling of the share of trade with emerging markets; faster economic recovery. The only cost is the transition from the euro to a new g
