1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 13 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_“Of all the gin joints in all the towns in all the world, she walks into mine.“
2、 It“s a classic quote from the film Casablanca, but can a computer【C1】_the magic of such classic lines? Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil and colleagues at Cornell University have taught a computer to【C2】_classic quotes with an accuracy【C3】_that of mankind. It means computers might one day help film【
3、C4】_test their latest classic lines. The Cornell team collected quotes from the Internet Movie Database, which contains a list of lines flagged by users as deserving to be【C5】_. The context【C6】_a line is uttered can make a quote more notable, so as a control, the team【C7】_each classic quote with an
4、ordinary one from the【C8】_context It was the same【C9】_and spoken by the same character at around the same point in the film. The computer analysed the pairs of quotes around 2200 in totalfor language【C10】_, unusual words, and word combinations. The computer【C11】_to recognize several characteristics【
5、C12】_to the classic quotes, creating a model that could help find them. “The phrases contain【C13】_combinations of words, but at the same time they have a sentence structure that is common, so they are【C14】_to use,“ says Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil. The analysis also showed that classic lines often have
6、a(n) 【C15】_: they can be widely used because they don“t contain words that【C16】_them to a specific context. The model was able to【C17】_between classic and ordinary quotes with 64 percent accuracy.【C18】_scored 78 percent The team【C19】_that political candidates could use the model to assess their【C20】
7、_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.collectB.graspC.maintainD.pursue(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.createB.useC.identifyD.remember(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.approachingB.exceedingC.equalingD.surpassing(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.directorsB.editorsC.actorsD.writers(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.rememberedB.publishedC.preservedD.mentioned(6).【C6】
8、（分数：2.00）A.for whichB.by whichC.in whichD.from which(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.confusedB.coveredC.replacedD.paired(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.differentB.specificC.identicalD.present(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.sentenceB.timeC.languageD.length(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.resourcesB.patternsC.skillsD.studies(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.managed
9、B.failedC.convincedD.seemed(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.ledB.peculiarC.similarD.suitable(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.surprisingB.possibleC.familiarD.popular(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.readyB.sureC.easyD.close(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.appealB.usageC.functionD.property(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.addB.tieC.extendD.transfer(17).【C17】（分数：
10、2.00）A.distinguishB.switchC.chooseD.compare(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.AmateursB.ProfessionalsC.HumansD.Animals(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.discoveredB.declaredC.ensuredD.suggested(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.actionsB.slogansC.advertisementsD.beliefsEnglish has been successfully promoted, and has been eagerly adopted in t
11、he global linguistic marketplace. One symptom of the impact of English is linguistic【C1】_. English intrudes on all the languages that it【C2】_. The technical terms “borrowing“ and “loan words,“【C3】_Calvet has indicated long before, are【C4】_, since speakers of a language who borrow words from another
12、have no【C5】_of returning anything. The transaction is purely【C6】_, and reflects the desirability of the product to the【C7】_. The only constraint on use is understandabilitythough states may【C8】_ban certain foreign forms and implement measures to devise new indigenous words and expressions. Borrowing
13、 is a phenomenon that has【C9】_users of other languages for more than a century. It has also generated an extensive【C10】_on linguistic borrowing from English. British English【C11】_a large number of words of American origin, often【C12】_the source being noticed. Many languages borrow gastronomic and ha
14、ute couture terms from French;【C13】_, there is a carry-over from the use of English in many of the domains listed above into the【C14】_of other languages. The English linguistic invasion has been so【C15】_that some governments, representing both small linguistic communities, for instance Slovenia and【
15、C16】_ones, for instance France, have adopted measures to【C17】_the tide and shore up their own languages,【C18】_in the area of neologisms for technical concepts. Such measures, which are【C19】_to be only partially successful, reflect an anxiety that essential cultural and linguistic values are【C20】_.（分
16、数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.borrowingB.lendingC.formationD.conception(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.comes along withB.comes into contact withC.comes out withD.comes up with(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.forB.likeC.asD.which(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.convincingB.revealingC.misleadingD.rewarding(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.ideaC.resul
17、tD.intention(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.uni-directionalB.multi-directionalC.uni-dimensionalD.multi-dimensional(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.agentB.consumerC.buyerD.manufacturer(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.fail toB.lead toC.pretend toD.attempt to(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.attackedB.invadedC.offendedD.violated(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.literatu
18、reB.criticismC.libertyD.literate(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.producesB.absorbsC.bringsD.receives(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.withoutB.withinC.includingD.excluding(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.in the wayB.in a wayC.in the same wayD.in some way(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.wordsB.grammarC.dictionaryD.vocabulary(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.spr
19、eadingB.pervasiveC.strictD.limited(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.remoteC.nearD.large(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.stimulateB.stemC.stabilizeD.station(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.particularlyB.concretelyC.speciallyD.exclusively(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.worthB.likelyC.probableD.potential(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.at easeB.at handC.
20、at riskD.at work考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 13 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：“Of all the gin joints in all the towns in all the world, she
21、 walks into mine.“ It“s a classic quote from the film Casablanca, but can a computer【C1】_the magic of such classic lines? Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil and colleagues at Cornell University have taught a computer to【C2】_classic quotes with an accuracy【C3】_that of mankind. It means computers might
22、one day help film【C4】_test their latest classic lines. The Cornell team collected quotes from the Internet Movie Database, which contains a list of lines flagged by users as deserving to be【C5】_. The context【C6】_a line is uttered can make a quote more notable, so as a control, the team【C7】_each clas
23、sic quote with an ordinary one from the【C8】_context It was the same【C9】_and spoken by the same character at around the same point in the film. The computer analysed the pairs of quotes around 2200 in totalfor language【C10】_, unusual words, and word combinations. The computer【C11】_to recognize severa
24、l characteristics【C12】_to the classic quotes, creating a model that could help find them. “The phrases contain【C13】_combinations of words, but at the same time they have a sentence structure that is common, so they are【C14】_to use,“ says Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil. The analysis also showed that classic
25、 lines often have a(n) 【C15】_: they can be widely used because they don“t contain words that【C16】_them to a specific context. The model was able to【C17】_between classic and ordinary quotes with 64 percent accuracy.【C18】_scored 78 percent The team【C19】_that political candidates could use the model to
26、 assess their【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.collectB.grasp C.maintainD.pursue解析：解析：空格后的 magic(魔力)是该句的宾语，结合下文的内容：计算机对经典台词的分析(第 4 段)和识别(第 5 段首句)，要分析和识别，必然是要理解经典台词的魔力，因此判断此空填 B 项 grasp“理解”恰当。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.createB.useC.identify D.remember解析：解析：填入的动词与其后的 with 搭配，identifywith 意为“用来识别”，与下文的recogn
27、ize 相呼应，代入句中表示“用的准确度来识别经典台词”，故选 C。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.approaching B.exceedingC.equalingD.surpassing解析：解析：that of mankind 是 an accuracy 的后置定语，且 that 指代的是前文的 accuracy。由倒数第二段表示准确率的两个羹据 64%和 78%可判断，计算机能够以接近人类的准确度来识别台词。故选A 项 approaching“接近”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.directorsB.editorsC.actorsD.writers 解析：解析：根据空格
28、后的提示词 their latest classic lines 以及常识判断，写台词的一般是电影编剧干的事，故选 D 项 writers。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.remembered B.publishedC.preservedD.mentioned解析：解析：经典台词一般能够让人印象深刻，并且通常为使用者所记忆，因此选 A 项 remembered“记忆”符合逻辑。注意 flag 在这里是动词意为“标识”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.for whichB.by whichC.in which D.from which解析：解析：空格为修饰 context(语境)的定
29、语从句的引导词。空格后的句子成分完整，故填入关系副词，先行词 context 表地点，故选 C 项 in which 合适。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.confusedB.coveredC.replacedD.paired 解析：解析：作为控制组(as a control)，应是给经典台词配对普通台词，以观察对照，故选 D 项paired“配对”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.differentB.specificC.identical D.present解析：解析：填入的形容词修饰 context(语境)，根据下文出现的三个 same，故选 C 项 identical“同样
30、的”表示“将经典台词与出自同样语境的普通台词进行配对”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.sentenceB.timeC.languageD.length 解析：解析：下文提到在电影中几乎相同的位置(at around the same point in the film)，根据常识，在某个点的台词长度应该是一样的，不然就可能跟不上电影情节，因此选 D 项 length“长度”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.resourcesB.patterns C.skillsD.studies解析：解析：填入的名词与 language 构成短语，并且与 unusual words“特殊词汇
31、”、word combination“词汇组合”属于同一范畴，且应与“分析台词”有关。B 项 patterns“模式”代入，languagepatterns 指“语言模式”，符合要求。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.managed B.failedC.convincedD.seemed解析：解析：根据该句的后半部分 creating a modelfind them，可知计算机是可以识别经典台词特点的A 项 manage to 意为“设法做到”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.ledB.peculiar C.similarD.suitable解析：解析：空格前的 chara
32、cteristics“特点”是 classic quotes“经典台词”所具有的，B 项peculiarto 意为“特有”，故选 B。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.surprising B.possibleC.familiarD.popular解析：解析：根据转折词 but 以及后面提到的 common，推测空格处的词应跟 common 意思上相反，故选 A项 surprising“出人意料的”符合要求。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.readyB.sureC.easy D.close解析：解析：so 是表因果关系的连词，前句谈到这些短语有着普通的句子结构，因此判断，这些
33、短语还是很“容易”使用的，C 项 easy“容易的”符合语境。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.appealB.usageC.functionD.property 解析：解析：根据冒号后的内容“它们能够被广泛地使用是因为在经典台词中不包含的词汇”，这是经典台词的一个特点故 D 项 property“特性”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.addB.tie C.extendD.transfer解析：解析：空格前提到“经典台词能广泛使用”，据此可推断这些台词包含的词并不会使台词与特定语境结合。因此选 B 项 tieto 意为“将与结合起来”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）
34、A.distinguish B.switchC.chooseD.compare解析：解析：第 5 段首句提到创建一个模式可帮助找出经典台词的特征，因此可推断，这种模式能够辨别经典台词和普通台词，故选 A 项 distinguish“辨别”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.AmateursB.ProfessionalsC.Humans D.Animals解析：解析：上文第 2 段提到计算机识别台词精准度的时候，就用人类(mankind)来作比较，因此此处应选 mankind 的同义词 C 项 Humans“人类”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.discoveredB.dec
35、laredC.ensuredD.suggested 解析：解析：该句缺少谓语动词，空格后意为“政治候选人可以使用该模型来评估他们的”，这是一种“建议”，故选 D 项 suggested“建议”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.actionsB.slogans C.advertisementsD.beliefs解析：解析：该模式的主要功能是识别经典台词，因此对于政治候选人来说，就是评估他们的“口号”是否是“经典台词”，因此选 B 项 slogans“口号”。English has been successfully promoted, and has been eagerly adop
36、ted in the global linguistic marketplace. One symptom of the impact of English is linguistic【C1】_. English intrudes on all the languages that it【C2】_. The technical terms “borrowing“ and “loan words,“【C3】_Calvet has indicated long before, are【C4】_, since speakers of a language who borrow words from
37、another have no【C5】_of returning anything. The transaction is purely【C6】_, and reflects the desirability of the product to the【C7】_. The only constraint on use is understandabilitythough states may【C8】_ban certain foreign forms and implement measures to devise new indigenous words and expressions. B
38、orrowing is a phenomenon that has【C9】_users of other languages for more than a century. It has also generated an extensive【C10】_on linguistic borrowing from English. British English【C11】_a large number of words of American origin, often【C12】_the source being noticed. Many languages borrow gastronomi
39、c and haute couture terms from French;【C13】_, there is a carry-over from the use of English in many of the domains listed above into the【C14】_of other languages. The English linguistic invasion has been so【C15】_that some governments, representing both small linguistic communities, for instance Slove
40、nia and【C16】_ones, for instance France, have adopted measures to【C17】_the tide and shore up their own languages,【C18】_in the area of neologisms for technical concepts. Such measures, which are【C19】_to be only partially successful, reflect an anxiety that essential cultural and linguistic values are【
41、C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.borrowing B.lendingC.formationD.conception解析：解析：本句点明了本段的主题。从本段后面部分可以看出，这一段话讨论的是英语及其他语言中的借词问题，结合下文的 borrowing 和 loan words，可判断此处选 A 项 borrowing。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.comes along withB.comes into contact with C.comes out withD.comes up with解析：解析：根据空格前的 intrudes(入侵)，推断选
42、B 项 comes into contact with“与发生接触”，因为只有与其他语言接触才可能入侵。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.forB.likeC.as D.which解析：解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，先行词为前面整句话，此处是告知读者引用的是谁的话，C 项 as“正如”代入空格，句意通顺。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.convincingB.revealingC.misleading D.rewarding解析：解析：borrow 和 loan 都隐含了将来“归还”的因素，空格后却提到“语言上的借词却无法归还”，因此使用这两个术语是有误导性的，故
43、选 C 项 misleading“误导的”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.ideaC.resultD.intention 解析：解析：此处意为“说某种语言的人从另外一门语言借词过来是没有_返还任何东西的”因此空格处应填入“意向”含义的词，D 项 intention“意图”是最佳选择。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.uni-directional B.multi-directionalC.uni-dimensionalD.multi-dimensional解析：解析：前面一句已经明确表明，借词是无法归还的，因此是“单向的”，故选 A 项 uni-direction
44、al“单向的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.agentB.consumer C.buyerD.manufacturer解析：解析：根据空格前的 desirability(需求)可知，对借词有需求的当然是语言的使用者，即借词的使用者，他们也是“产品”(借词)的“消费者”，故选 B 项 consumer“消费者”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.fail toB.lead toC.pretend toD.attempt to 解析：解析：从本段倒数第二句可以看出，有些国家会企图禁止使用外来词。因此选 D 项 attempt to“试图”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.att
45、ackedB.invadedC.offended D.violated解析：解析：对比四个选项，“借词现象冒犯了其他语言的使用者”，更符合逻辑，故选 C。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.literature B.criticismC.libertyD.literate解析：解析：从空格后的 on linguistic borrowing from English(关于英语的语言借用)，可以判断空格中需用 A 项 literature“文献”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.producesB.absorbs C.bringsD.receives解析：解析：本文的主题就是“借
46、词”，借词就是某语言吸收了其他语言中的词汇，因此选 B 项absorbs“吸收”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.without B.withinC.includingD.excluding解析：解析：对照四个选项，只有 A 项 without 代入空格，句意通顺，表示“人们通常没有注意到的源自美国的词汇”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.in the wayB.in a wayC.in the same way D.in some way解析：解析：本段前面部分讲的是英语中的外来词，这里开始讲其他语言也从英语中借词，从本质上讲，“借词”都是一样的，因此选 C 项 in t
47、he same way，意为“用同样的方式”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.wordsB.grammarC.dictionaryD.vocabulary 解析：解析：根据常识可知，借词是从一语言的词汇加人到另一语言的词汇的总体，故选 D 项vocabulary。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.spreadingB.pervasive C.strictD.limited解析：解析：空格处的形容词用于描述 invasion“入侵”，B 项 pervasive“渗透的”生动地描述了语言入侵，符合句意，故选 B。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.smallB.remoteC.nearD.large 解析：解析：空格前面的 bothand是并列两种相反的情形，此外，由空格后的例子法国，也可看出这是大语种国家。因此选 small 的反义词 D 项 large“大的”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.stimulateB.stem C.stabilizeD.station解析：解析：由空格后的 shore up their own language(振兴自己的语言)，推断借词这股潮流会被阻止，因此选 B 项 stem“抑制”。(18).【C
