1、考研英语(完形填空)模拟试卷 202 及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention fro
2、m scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】_between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】_listening to music. The other is on a separate【C3】_of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】_benefits that extend t
3、o non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】_could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】_their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】_musical passages, learning about a
4、variety of musical structures, and【C9】_mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】_the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】_of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】_and sensitive to e
5、nvironmental influence. Previous findings are【C13】_with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】_correlational and experimental studies【C15】_that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory,
6、reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】_, the simplest explanation of these【C17】_relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】_high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclud
7、e that music lessons have a causal relation with IQ that is【C19】_to music, one must rule【C20】_potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.asso
8、ciationsB.conjunctionsC.conversationD.integration(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.plainB.generalC.completeD.simple(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.routeB.lineC.ringD.phrase(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.incidentalB.occasionalC.provenD.limited(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.jointB.bondC.twistD.transfer(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.wheneverB.becauseC.whereasD.befo
9、re(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.compriseB.containC.entailD.enclose(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.excessiveB.exclusiveC.expandedD.extended(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.consecutiveB.progressiveC.intensiveD.successive(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.directingB.conductingC.commandingD.governing(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.acquisitionB.repetitionC.introduct
10、ionD.combination(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.plasticB.dependentC.complexD.touchy(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.coherentB.compliantC.consistentD.compatible(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.ThereforeB.IndeedC.NotwithstandingD.Besides(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.inspectB.supposeC.revealD.discover(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.MoreoverB.NonethelessC.M
11、eanwhileD.Instead(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.diffuseB.fragmentaryC.universalD.comprehensive(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.atB.inC.aboveD.with(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.specificB.closeC.intrinsicD.prone(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.againstB.outC.onD.overChronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are usin
12、g【C1】_therapies, even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans【C2】_awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or【C3】_a pill, hoping it will make them sleepy.【C4】_experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea, and the causes of chronic insomnia remain【C5】_.
13、 Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping, and about 10 percent have【C6】_of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But【C7】_the complaints, scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia, its health consequences and how best to treat it, a panel of specialists wer
14、e【C8】_together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called【C9】_a broad range of research into insomnia, 【C10】_that if scientists understood its【C11】_causes, they could develop better treatments. Most, but not all, insomnia is thought to【C12】_other health problems, from
15、 arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in【C13】_complicates those other problems. Other diseases【C14】_, the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more【C15
16、】_among women, especially after their 50s. Smoking, caffeine and numerous【C16】_drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research, some【C17】_to specific disorders and others【C18】_the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep.
17、 The agency was【C19】_the panel s review before deciding what additional work should be【C20】_at insomnia.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.unprovenB.unknownC.improperD.imperative(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.fallB.lieC.seemD.become(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.prescribeB.popC.abuseD.experiment(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.AndB.ThoughC.Th
18、usD.But(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.peculiarB.anonymousC.mysteriousD.unexpected(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.signalsB.symptomsC.signsD.symbols(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.in addition toB.except forC.owing toD.for all(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.pulledB.collectedC.broughtD.drawn(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.onB.forC.upD.in(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.notingB.
19、notifyingC.nosingD.nominating(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.undertakingB.underliningC.underlyingD.undermining(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.causeB.accompanyC.followD.attend(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.shortB.caseC.essenceD.turn(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.insideB.outsideC.asideD.besides(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.commonB.popularC.frequentD.r
20、egular(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.conscriptionB.descriptionC.subscriptionD.prescription(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.aimedB.targetedC.designatedD.designed(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.examiningB.inspectingC.verifyingD.assessing(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.conductingB.awaitingC.receivingD.considering(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.assignedB.ch
21、argedC.directedD.attended考研英语(完形填空)模拟试卷 202 答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:The idea that music makes you smarter has received
22、 considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】_between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】_listening to music. The other is on a separate【C3】_of research, which examines whether music lessons have
23、【C4】_benefits that extend to non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】_could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】_their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】_musical
24、passages, learning about a variety of musical structures, and【C9】_mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】_the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】_of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is hig
25、hly【C12】_and sensitive to environmental influence. Previous findings are【C13】_with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】_correlational and experimental studies【C15】_that music lessons have positive rel
26、ations with verbal memory, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】_, the simplest explanation of these【C17】_relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】_high IQs are more likely than other children to tak
27、e music lessons. To conclude that music lessons have a causal relation with IQ that is【C19】_to music, one must rule【C20】_potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.(分数:40
28、.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.associations B.conjunctionsC.conversationD.integration解析:解析:本题考查名词辨析。文章开篇指出音乐可以使人变得更聪明这一观点受到了学者和媒体的关注。本句承接上文指出,现在人们对音乐和智力之间_的兴趣来自两个研究领域。根据上文可以推知,本句谈论的是音乐与智商之间的联系。association“联系,表因果关系”用在文中表示音乐与智商之间的关系,与第一句中的“音乐使人更聪明”相呼应。所以 A 项正确。conversion“转换,转化”强调事物的形式、作用或体系的转变;B 项 conjunction
29、s 意思是“引起某种结果的事物等的”结合,同时发生;D项 integration 意思是“为了有效地发挥作用,几个事物的结合、整合”,都不接介词 between,因此可排除。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.plainB.generalC.completeD.simple 解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。根据文章可知,本句和下一句分别介绍了两类研究:一类研究侧重于_听音乐产生的短期效果;另一类侧重于音乐课程对人们在非音乐领域的认知的影响。因此我们可以推知,空格所在句子指的是“听音乐”这种行为本身带来的影响。simple“纯粹的”用在名词前表示强调,在文中表示“纯粹听音乐带来的短期作用”,符
30、合上下文语义,所以 D 项正确。A 项 plain 意为“极普通的,平庸的,平凡的”;B 项 general 意为“普遍的;一般的;笼统的;大致的”;C 项 complete 意为“完全的,彻底的”。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.routeB.line C.ringD.phrase解析:解析:本题考查名词辨析。本句承接上文,介绍第二个研究领域的内容。由上文可知,两个研究领域是相对独立的。空格所在部分 a separate_of research 表示“侧重于不同的研究”。route 一般与介词 to 搭配,不符合文中用法;ring 显然不符合文意;phase 指同一事物的不同阶段,而这
31、两个研究是相对独立的,排除 phase;line 在文中表示“不同的研究领域”,符合文意所以 B 项正确。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.incidental B.occasionalC.provenD.limited解析:解析:本题考查形容词辨析。观察本句,空格处填入的形容词修饰 benefits,说明音乐课程带来的_的益处。that 定语从句中指出这种益处是作用于“非音乐领域”的,incidental“附带发生的,非有意的”,在文中表示音乐课程对非音乐领域的认知带来附带益处,符合文意,所以 A 正确。limited benefits 指“有限的益处”,从文中无法推出;proven b
32、enefits 指“被证实的益处”,与表示不确定的whether 相矛盾;occasional“临时的,偶尔的”表频率,也不符合题意。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.jointB.bondC.twistD.transfer 解析:解析:本题考查名词辨析。空格句指出:这种_是长期学习音乐课程的孩子所独有的。such指代上一句提到的“音乐课程对非音乐领域的认知带来附带益处”。transfer“转移,调动,变换”用在文中强调“从音乐领域到非音乐领域的转移”,符合文意。bond“纽带,联系”一般用于指人或团体之间。A 项 joint 表示“(两个物体或部分的)接合处,汇合处”;C 项 twist
33、 表示“转动,拧,扭曲,扭动;(故事或情况的)转折,突然变化”,均不符合文章语义要求,故排除。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.wheneverB.because C.whereasD.before解析:解析:本题考查逻辑关系。空格处填入一个连词,连接前后两个分句。前一个分句指出:这种迁移(从音乐领域到非音乐领域的连带益处)是长期学习音乐课程的孩子所独有的,后一个分句说明:他们的经历与其他孩子不大相同。两个分句间是因果关系,即正是因为这些孩子有与别的孩子不同的接受长期的音乐训练的经历,他们才能产生从音乐领域到非音乐领域的迁移。所以 B 项正确。C 项 whereas 意为“然而,而(表对比
34、)”,故排除。(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.compriseB.containC.entail D.enclose解析:解析:本题考查动词辨析。空格处填入一动词,其主语是 Music lessons,宾语是并列的名词性结构。由句意可知此处是要说明音乐课程的性质特点。entail“牵涉,须要,使必须”代入文中表示“音乐学习要求注意力集中、记忆长的乐段”,符合文意,所以 C 项正确。其他项的几个词都强调“在里面”或者“属于一部分”,而“注意力集中”等与“音乐课程”不是包含与被包含的关系,因此它们代入文中不符合逻辑,应排除。A 项 comprise 表示“由组成,包括,包含”;B 项 con
35、tain 表示“含有,包含,容纳”;D 项 enclose 表示“用(墙等)围起来;随函(或包裹)附上”。(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.excessiveB.exclusiveC.expandedD.extended 解析:解析:本题考查形容词辨析。本句旨在说明:音乐学习要求长时间的注意力集中、记忆_的乐段等等。空格处填入的形容词修饰 musical passages。excessive“过分的,过度的,极度的”强调程度,不能修饰 musical passages;exclusive“专用的,排外的,单独的”,不符合题意;C 项 expanded 意为“(尺寸、重要性等)增加的”不符合
36、题意。文中要求填入的形容词修饰“乐段”,表示“长度延长”,extended“延长的;扩展的”符合题意,所以 D 项正确。(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.consecutiveB.progressive C.intensiveD.successive解析:解析:本题考查形容词辨析。空格所在的名词短语mastery of technical skills and the conventions,做上文出现的动词 entail 的多个并列宾语之一,该部分表示“音乐课程要求_掌握技术性技能和情感表现的方法”。由于其他三个并列宾语都强调了音乐学习时间长、难度大的特点:长时间集中注意力,记忆长的乐段
37、,学习各种不同的音乐结构,而 progressive“稳步的,逐步的”用在文中表示“循序渐进地掌握音乐技能”,也符合这一特点,因此 B 项正确。A 项 consecutive“连续不断的”;C 项 intensive“短时间内集中进行的,密集”;D 项 successive“连续的,接连的,相继的”,均不合语义,故排除。(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.directingB.conductingC.commandingD.governing 解析:解析:本题考查动词辨析。分析空格句可知,此处填入的现在分词与后面部分构成分词短语,作后置定语,其逻辑主语是 conventions,逻辑宾语
38、是 the expression。govern“控制,影响,支配”代入文中后,意为“掌握专业技能与影响音乐表演中情感表现的传统手法”,符合文意,所以 D 项正确。其他三个词的主语一般都是人或以人为主体的事物,不与 conventions 搭配,应排除。A 项 directing“管理,监督,指导”;B 项 conducting“组织,安排;实施,执行”;C 项 commanding“掌管,控制”。(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.acquisitionB.repetitionC.introductionD.combination 解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。空格所在部分 This_
39、of experiences 指代上文提到的音乐学习经历(长时间注意力集中,记忆长的音乐片段等)。combination 用在文中表示“以上经历的组合”,符合文意。所以 D 项符合题意。acquisition 表示“(知识、技能等的)习得,获得”和 repetition“重复,反复”都可与 of experiences 搭配,但由于空格前出现代词 this,如果填入 acquisition 或 repetition,则 this 无所指代,因为前文并没有提到过“经历的获得或重复”,不符合上下文的衔接,应排除。introduction 明显不符合文意故排除。(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)
40、A.plastic B.dependentC.complexD.touchy解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。空格句指出:儿童时期的大脑发展非常_而且对环境的影响很敏感,用来解释“这些经历对孩童时期的认知有积极的影响”。plastic 除了我们熟悉的“塑料,塑料的”含义外,还指“可塑的,有可塑性的”,用在文中表示“大脑发展很具可塑性”,正是“音乐经历促进认知”的原因,且与下文“容易受环境影响”相呼应。所以 A 项正确。dependent 和 complex 都是大脑发展的特点,但均不能解释“音乐经历促进认知”的原因。touchy“易怒的;敏感的,棘手的”,修饰sth时通常只作定语,如 a tou
41、chy situation(敏感的局势),不符合文中用法,故排除。(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.coherentB.compliantC.consistent D.compatible解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。此句说明之前的发现与音乐学习促进智力发展这一假设_。从下文 For example 后举例的内容来看,填入的形容词和 with 搭配表示“相吻合,一致”的含义。consistent 常与 with 搭配,符合文意,所以 C 项正确。其他几项放入文中均无法说通,应排除。A 项coherent 意为“(看法、思想、论点等)合乎逻辑的,有条理的”,coherent 修饰事物时
42、,多用作定语;B 项 compliant(with)意为“顺从的,适应的”:compliant 强调符合规则、标准;D 项 compatible(with)意为“(想法、方法等)可共存的,可共用的,兼容的”。(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.ThereforeB.Indeed C.NotwithstandingD.Besides解析:解析:本题考查逻辑关系。前文指出,音乐天赋与读写能力相关。此句承接上文指出:相关的研究证明音乐课程与词汇、阅读能力等因素有着正向的联系。因此两个句子论述的内容相同,后一句是对前一句陈述部分的肯定和强调。Indeed“表肯定和强调”符合上下文逻辑,所以 B
43、项正确。C 项Notwithstanding 意为“尽管如此(表转折)”:D 项 Besides 表示递进。(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.inspectB.supposeC.reveal D.discover解析:解析:本题考查动词辨析。根据文章可知,设空处缺少动词作谓语,后面接 that 引导宾语从句。reveal“揭示,显示,透露”填入文中表示:一些研究揭示出音乐与词汇记忆、阅读等能力有关联,句意通畅且符合文意。所以 C 项正确。inspect“检查,审视;视察”不接 that 从句作宾语,且主语常为人;suppose 和 discover 的主语一般为人,它们都不符合文意,故
44、排除。(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.MoreoverB.Nonetheless C.MeanwhileD.Instead解析:解析:本题考查逻辑关系。前文指出,音乐课程与词汇记忆、阅读能力、选择性注意力等各种能力有着正向关联,空格所在句子则指出“对这些关联的最简单的解释是以上那些能力来自于一个共同的部分,比如称作一般智商”。两句话之间有轻微的转折,前一句侧重指出多种具体的能力,后一句则说它们可统一归为一种“最简单”的解释,如“一般智商”。Nonetheless“然而,不过”符合文意,所以 B 项正确。A 项 Moreover 表递进;C 项 Meanwhile 表对比;D 项 In
45、stead 表替代性转折。(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.diffuse B.fragmentaryC.universalD.comprehensive解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。根据语义可知,设空处需填入形容词修来饰 relations,指上句提到的音乐学习与词汇记忆、阅读能力等的联系。该形容词应概括出上文这些“联系”的一种特点,同时又与本句下文出现的 common 构成语义上的对应。diffuse“散开的,分散的,不集中的”代入文中,全句意为“对这些分散的联系最简单的解释是它们有共同的来源”,符合文意,所以 A 项正确。从上下文无法得知那些联系是“不完整的”“普遍存在的”或“
46、全面性的”,因此排除其他项。(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.atB.inC.aboveD.with 解析:解析:本题考查介词搭配。空格所在部分表示“智商高的儿童”,空格处填入的介词与 high IQs搭配,作后置定语修饰 children。with 可表示“具有,有”,在文中相当于 children who have high IQs,符合文意。at 与 in 不与 IQ 搭配,above high IQs 不合逻辑,均应排除。(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.specific B.closeC.intrinsicD.prone解析:解析:本题考查上下文语义。空格所在部分是
47、that 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 IQ,表示“与音乐一 一的智力”。specific to(仅限于,只对有影响的)代入文中,表示“仅对音乐有影响的智力”,符合文意,所以 A 项正确。close to 强调在空间、时间上接近,不与 IQ 搭配;我们不能说 IQ 是音乐“内在的、固有的”,排除 intrinsic to;beprone to 指“易于遭受,有做(尤指坏事)的倾向”,显然不能用来描述 IQ 与音乐的关系,也应排除。(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.againstB.out C.onD.over解析:解析:本题考查动词短语辨析。此句表示“要论断音乐和智商之间存在因果联系,我
48、们应该_社会经济地位和教育程度等潜在混淆因素”。rule out“排除,拒绝考虑”代入文中,符合文意,所以 B项正确。A 项(rule)against 指“裁定对不利”;C 项(rule)on 指“(尤指对法律问题的)裁定”;D项(rule)over 指“统治”。Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using【C1】_therapies, even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans【C2】_awake at night cou