1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-98 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Oral Communic(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Dialogue One(总题数：1，分数：3.00)A. They drink coffee and chat. B. There is always a special room for people boiling coffee. C. Many of them take coffee back to their desk and keep on working. A: Gr
2、ace, how do you know about coffee? B: Coffee is the usual drink now. Many joint-ventures companies in Beijing allow their staff a “coffee time“ and 1 . A: Can you tell me some detail about the “coffee time“? B: Yes. In companies, employees are allowed to have coffee breaks twice a day. They are ofte
3、n in the morning and mid afternoon. People use the 15 minutes to relax. 2 . A: So they have a rest in both the morning and the afternoon? B: Yes. But because of the heavy pressure of work, 3 . A: Oh, are there any other drinks for them? B: Besides, Americans like tea, cola, milk and other soft drink
4、s. In summer, the ice tea and ice coffee are widely drunk. A: Can we say that the westerners like coffee as same as our Chinese like tea? B: Yes, what you said is absolutely right!（分数：3.00）四、Dialogue Two(总题数：1，分数：3.00)A. Wushu schools have developed quickly. B. Wushu has a very deep base from the ma
5、sses. C. It can strengthen physical health. A: I“ve admiration for Chinese Kung Fu, Bruce Lee, Jet Li and Jackie Chan are very popular in movies circle. B: I like the movie Huang Feihong best. Do you enjoy swordsman movie? A: Sure. B: But someone said that the swordsman was a dream of the modern peo
6、ple. A: The value of Wushu itself is very high. 1 . B: In recent years, 2 . A: Tell me the reason. B: Because the government calls on the whole people participating in keep-fit exercise and encourages the masses to run schools. In addition, 3 .（分数：3.00）五、Section B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)A. Xiamen is a rapidl
7、y growing modern city with a vigorous economy. B. Min cuisine is one of the eight most famous cuisines of China. C. Elephant Trunk Peak is so named for its distinctive shape. D. Xiamen is one of the cleanest and most beautiful seaport cities in China. A: It“s a great honor to have you visit Xiamen.
8、B: Thank you and I find 1 . A: Yes. Xiamen has always been an important trading port since the Opium War. B: It is said that Xiamen is a “window city“ for China“s opening to the outside world. A: It is also one of the municipalities designated under separate state plan and enjoying provincial level
9、of power in economic management. B: Today, 2 . A: That“s true! Over the past 10 years, Xiamen has increasingly focused on the cultivation of international trade, education and tourism. B: I“ve heard that Xiamen Island is also known as Egret Island. A: That“s because it is shaped like a white egret.
10、B: Are there any sightseeing spots on Xiamen Island? A: Of course, there are a lot. Ten Thousand Stone Mountain boasts because of many oddly shaped rocks and stones. 3 . There is a botanical garden on the Ten Thousand Stone Mountain, with three or four thousand tropical and subtropical plants. The s
11、mall gardens are dotted with pavilions and platforms. At the foot of the Five-Elder Peak stands the Nanputuo Temple, the most famous Buddhist Temple in Fujian Province. Behind the temple stands a screen of five peaks colored by green trees and bamboos. They are called “Five Old Gentlemen Reaching th
12、e Clouds“ and are the one of the eight grand sights of Xiamen. Coming to the top, you not only have a view of the mountain undulating in the wind, but also the view of the sea surging in the distance. B: Is Xiamen also famous for its delicious food? A: Yes! Xiamen abounds in sea food all the year ro
13、und. Fruits are available in all four seasons. 4 . One of the most famous and traditional dish of Xiamen food is Wall-Jump Buddha. It is said that the food is so delicious that even Buddha was tempted by it and humped over a wall to taste it. B: It“s interesting! Thank you very much for your introdu
14、ction! A: That“s my pleasure. Welcome to Xiamen and enjoy yourself!（分数：4.00）六、Part Vocabulary(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.It is discovered that infants of four weeks old are already able to recognize subtle difference in language sounds.（分数：1.00）A.diverseB.evidentC.minuteD.peculiar2.By 1916 Canada had played
15、a respectable role on the world stage, a role that would soon help undo its colonial status.（分数：1.00）A.decreaseB.removeC.heightenD.weaken3.General George Washington and his hungry, ragged troops crossed the Delaware River from Pennsylvania, surprised the garrison of German mercenaries in Trenton, an
16、d captured the city.（分数：1.00）A.formidableB.sturdyC.provocativeD.shabby4.An action that is lavishly rewarded as soon as it is performed is well on its way to becoming a habit.（分数：1.00）A.promptlyB.abruptlyC.evidentlyD.generously5.A major new area of bioethics is the ethics of health policy and health-
17、resource allocation .（分数：1.00）A.explorationB.expansionC.distributionD.possession6.The growing trade gap between the United States and its trading partners would continue to widen, due to the continued repercussions of the economic crisis that swept through East Asia during 1997.（分数：1.00）A.consequenc
18、esB.disputesC.estimatesD.emergencies7.Instead of being situated at a fixed campus, the City University conducts classes at various sites deemed convenient to students.（分数：1.00）A.consideredB.locatedC.advisedD.modified8.The remnants of Roman Empire can be found in many countries in Asia, Europe, and A
19、frica.（分数：1.00）A.fortressesB.relicsC.templesD.antiques9.Very young children with no reading experience may astound their parents with the first words they read, such as a department store sign announcing Big Sale.（分数：1.00）A.amazeB.fascinateC.conveyD.dismay10.Her intrinsic worth could not be affected
20、 by the vicious lies that were told about her.（分数：1.00）A.inherentB.initiativeC.infiniteD.innocent七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Building on the base of evidence and interpretation in Hansen“s (1994) qualitative study of working people“s diari
21、es, we assigned each diarist a set of codes to indicate employment, marital status, number of children, and size of the town in which he or she lived. To analyze the number, location and gender mix of visiting occasions, we coded each day in January and July for every year of the diary, counting the
22、 number of named visitors, the visitors“ gender, the size of the visiting occasion (1 to 4 people, or 5 and above), the gender mix of those present during the visit, and the location of the visit. While this may seem straightforward at first glance, the variable nature of the diary entries meant tha
23、t the coding process was not as uncomplicated as we initially anticipated. Given the number of diarists and the span of diary-keeping years, we faced the possibility of coding over 200,000 diary days. Because of the labor-intensive nature of the coding and the number of entries, we chose to code onl
24、y 2 monthsJanuary and Julyof each year a diarist kept a diary. We chose 2 months that could reflect a range of sociability. Severe January weather in New England impeded mobility, but it also freed those who were farmers from most of their laborintensive chores. July tended to be haying season for f
25、armers, which meant some people routinely worked all month in the fieldssome alone, some with hired help. Further, the clement July weather meant grater mobility for all of the diary keepers. For some peoplethose who kept a diary for only a single yearthe fact that we coded only 2 months out of each
26、 year meant we have only 62 “diary-days“ to document their social lives. For others, we have several thousand. Limiting ourselves to January and July for each diary year, we nonetheless coded entries for a total of 24,752 diary days. In an effort to capture an accurate picture of visiting patterns,
27、we coded every day of a given month, even those that had no entry or that mentioned only the weather, as well as those that recorded numerous visiting occasions in one day. Determining a working definition of what constituted a visit was also an unexpected challenge. For example, although schoolteac
28、her Mary Mudge kept a meticulous record of her visiting “rounds,“ listing names, places, and conversation topics, other diarists were not as forthcoming. A typical entry in farmer John Campbell“s diary (9 July, 1825) was less amenable to our initial coding scheme: “Go to Cart“s for Oxen.“ (See Hanse
29、n and Mcdonald, 1995, for a fuller discussion of the pitfalls of coding diary data.) We therefore created the following coding protocol. We defined a visit as any occasion in which the diarist names the presence of individuals not of his or her household, the presence of the non-household member ser
30、ving to distinguish between a community interaction and a household interaction. W“e also coded as visits public events at which the diarist was present but others in attendance were not named. The most common among these were records of church attendance. Although an entry “went to church“ did not
31、result in a finding of specific male or female visitors, it was a community interaction; thus, these entries were coded as gender-mixed visiting occasions of five or more people in a public place. Because of the variable nature of diary-keeping practices, we were careful to record only what we could
32、 confidently infer. Therefore, some entries record visits but no named individuals. Others, such as church attendance (which is generally a large-group event) or a visit to one named friend (which is an intimate affair), allowed us to code the size of the group. Still others, when the location of th
33、e visit was specifically mentioned, allowed us to code the diarist as hosting, acting as a guest in another“s home, or interaction at a public place.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the significance of Hansen“s study to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It was the foundation of the research.B.It was the groundwork for the
34、 research.C.It was the research that was coded.D.It was the example used for the coding.(2).How did diaries such as John Campbell“s influence the study?（分数：1.00）A.They demanded more specific classification of visits.B.They demanded that church attendance be included as visits.C.They demanded that vi
35、siting a friend be classified as intimate.D.They demanded that both men and women be present.(3).One weakness of this study may be _.（分数：1.00）A.it overestimates the level of sociability in the diarists“ livesB.it underestimates the level of sociability in the diarists“ livesC.it misinterprets the le
36、vel of sociability in the diarists“ livesD.it underrates the level of sociability in the diarists“ lives十、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)African American women“s search for societal acceptance often encompasses struggle between natural and socially constructed ideas of beauty. As an essential component i
37、n traditional African societies, cosmetic modification is ritualized to emphasize natural features of blackness. Defined by social occasion such as childhood development to maturity, indicators of marital status or the group to which you belong, beautification of the hair and body play an essential
38、role. In our racially conscious society, presenting a physical image and being accepted is a complex negotiation between two different worlds. Hair is an outward expression of culture and heritage. It also represents a sense of personal style. In the search for the African American identity, blacks
39、have undergone many different changes in hairstyle. Hairstyles are cultural classifiers of what African Americans consider beautiful. Hairstyles are a representation of the African American soul, all of their confidence and dignity show in how they present themselves on Sundays and on a daily basis.
40、 “During the sixties, white American youth used their hair to make a variety of political and philosophical statements,“ young blacks joined thereafter. The natural hairstyle not only was easier to care for, but also gave African Americans a closer tie to their heritage. Natural style serves as a vi
41、sible imprimatur of blackness: a tribute to group unity: a statement of self-love and personal significance.“ By rejecting the white standards of beauty, black Americans halted the processes of using chemical straighteners or hot irons. A woman talks about her struggle. “I remember battling with the
42、 idea of going natural for several years. I never had the courage because every time I pictured myself with my natural hair, I never saw beauty. Now my hair is natural, thick and healthy.“ African American women are finding confidence within themselves to wear their hair naturally and feel beautiful
43、 about it. Many contemporary African Americans are avoiding high maintenance and feeling confident in their natural beauty. It was a different story in the past. African Americans were pressed. Shame was the motivation behind blacks losing their roots and ethnic identity. By being brainwashed into b
44、elieving black people are “inferior“ and white people are “superior“ African Americans have mutilated and adjusted their bodies to try to look “pretty“ by white standards. Hair is as different as the people it belongs to. People are finally recognizing that beauty is what helps to create our individ
45、ual identities. Ultimately, individual confidence shapes and strengthens the culture of the African American community.（分数：5.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that African Americans _.（分数：1.00）A.have been trying hard to be socially acceptedB.have been changing their value about beautyC.have mainta
46、ined their identity of traditional AfricansD.have modified their hairstyles to fit into the society(2).What kind of problem do African Americans face in society?（分数：1.00）A.They would look ugly if they don“t change their hairstyles.B.Their natural image may not be accepted by white Americans.C.They w
47、ould never find a suitable hairstyle in the hair salons.D.Their cultural heritage may risk being abandoned by themselves.(3).The word “imprimatur“ in Paragraph 2 most probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.dislikeB.betrayalC.approvalD.suspicion(4).African Americans stopped using chemical straighteners or hot i
48、rons because _.（分数：1.00）A.they reversed the attitude the white people had towards themB.they started to see beauty in their thick curly hairC.they feel good and comfortable in being differentD.they accepted the white standards of beauty(5).Why did some African Americans accept the white standards of
49、 beauty?（分数：1.00）A.Because they tried to keep socially fashionable.B.Because they did not have their own standards of beauty.C.Because they were not well educated as white Americans.D.Because they wanted to become part of the mainstream.十一、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：6.00)“In every known human society the male“s needs for achievement can be recognized. In a great number of human societies men“s sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right, or ability, to practice some activity that women are not allowed to practice. Their maleness in fact has to be underwri
