1、浙江大学考博英语-试卷 3 及答案解析(总分：112.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.Outside my office window there is a fire_on the right.（分数：2.00）A.escapeB.ladderC.stepsD.stairs2.I_with the Browns during my stay in New York City.（分数：2.00）A.put inB.put downC.put onD.put up3.Operations which left patie
2、nts_and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.（分数：2.00）A.exhaustedB.unhealthyC.upsetD.fearful4.Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell their vegetables_the black market.（分数：2.00）A.onB.atC.inD.for5.The electric fan does n
3、ot work because of the_of service.（分数：2.00）A.pauseB.breakC.interruptionD.breakdown6.Macs close_to his brother made people mistake them for one another.（分数：2.00）A.resemblanceB.identityC.appearanceD.relationship7.The thieves_the waste paper all over the room while they were searching for the diamond r
4、ing.（分数：2.00）A.spreadB.scratchedC.scatteredD.burned8.The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter Kits mouth_.（分数：2.00）A.wetB.waterC.soakD.taste9.The_problem of bring a space ship back from the moon has been solved.（分数：2.00）A.technicalB.technologicalC.techniqueD.technology10.A large part of a pers
5、ons memory is_words and combination of words.（分数：2.00）A.by means ofB.in terms ofC.in connection withD.by way of11.At her word she stood up and walked away, stopping at the window to pull back the curtain and_.（分数：2.00）A.look roundB.look outC.look upD.look on12.Their happiness was very_.（分数：2.00）A.cr
6、ispB.brittleC.delicateD.fragile13.I was awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half hour nap_me.（分数：2.00）A.revivedB.releasedC.relievedD.recovered14.We should always keep in mind that_decisions often lead to bitter regrets.（分数：2.00）A.hastyB.instantC.promptD.rapid15.“If we fail to act now,“ sa
7、id Tom, “Well find ourselves_in action later on. “（分数：2.00）A.paid backB.paid forC.paid upD.paid off二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own【C1】_, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day completely【C2】_my own. Even if I am on【C3】_in the mountains, I am
8、 eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, using electricity someone else is【C4】_to my house. Evidence of【C5】_is everywhere. As I was growing up, I remember【C6】_carefully taught that independence not interdependence was【C7】_. When I was face-to-face with【C8】_of so
9、me action, my mothers favorite remark was “【C9】_youve made your bed, lie on it. “ Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine【C10】_my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities【C11】_my actions and my choices. And I grew up【C12】_that I was supposed to be totally
10、 independent and consequently became very【C13】_to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a【C14】_, and not require any help from anybody. When I became ill my illusions of total independence【C15】_in an instant. All of a【C16】_I had to face the fact that I could do nothing, not even sit up,
11、 【C17】_someone elses intervention. I began to realize that not asking for help is, in fact, 【C18】_. I love to help people. If I dont let them help me back, I am not allowing them the【C19】_satisfaction I enjoy. Learning this lesson has allowed me once and for all to see that my life really is a part
12、of a larger【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.companyB.companionC.fellowshipD.friendship(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.byB.ofC.OnD.with(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.holidayB.vacationC.festivalD.rest(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.transmittingB.allocatingC.distributingD.circulating(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.relationshipB.companionshipC.indepe
13、ndenceD.interdependence(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.beB.to beC.beingD.to have been(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.seriousnessB.consequencesC.prominenceD.signifi cance(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.now thatB.in caseC.on condition thatD.for fear that(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.
14、asC.thatD.what(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.withC.InD.for(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.believingB.suspectingC.forgettingD.remembering(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.eagerB.dependentC.reluctantD.opposed(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.loadB.blockC.embarrassmentD.burden(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.reinforcedB.vanishedC.abandonedD.reversed(16).【C
15、16】（分数：2.00）A.whileB.timeC.suddenD.change(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.withB.withoutC.instead ofD.in place of(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.weakB.shamefulC.humbleD.selfish(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.sameB.suchC.muchD.past(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.lifeB.worldC.existenceD.whole三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)The simple act of
16、 surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future at
17、tacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If its loaded with spam, its undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mail to the wr
18、ong Website. Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names youve probably never heard of like Acxiom or Merlin buy and sell your personal information the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may t
19、hink your cell phone is unlisted, but if youve ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from various sources including pizza delivery companies. These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow
20、from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with. In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of “Big Brother“ the government is watching you or an big corporation is watching you. But privacy issues dont necessarily involve large faceless institutions; A spou
21、se takes a casual glance at her husbands Blackberry, a co-worker looks at e-mall over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. while very little of this is news to anyone people are now well aware there are video cameras and Internet cookies every
22、where there is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy. People write e-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose e-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Depa
23、rtments antitrust case against Microsoft. And polls and studies have repeatedly shown that Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns. The general defense for such indifference is summed up a single phrase; “I have nothing to hide. “ If you have nothing to hide, why shouldnt the government be abl
24、e to peek at your phone records, your wife see your e-mail or a company send you junk mail? Its a powerful argument, one that privacy advocates spend considerable time discussing and strategizing over. It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when theyre being watched. And it is als
25、o impossible to deny that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the telephone number is cited to show_（分数：2.00）A.many customers didnt keep their privacy confidential.B.it is harmful to give a store clerk a telephone number.C.careless d
26、isposal of personal information can be harmful.D.customers should inquire its use when giving telephone numbers to others.(2).What do companies like Acxiom and Merlin do?（分数：2.00）A.Compile telephone directories for businessmen.B.Collect and sell personal information to make a profit.C.Trade commodit
27、ies like corn on the market.D.Crack down crimes like stealing private information.(3).From Paragraph 3, we learn that_（分数：2.00）A.cases of privacy intrusion happen only in large institutions.B.people are quite aware of how their privacy is intruded.C.it is not privacy intrusion when a wife glances at
28、 her husbands cell phone.D.Bill Gatess email messages were cited as evidence against him.(4).It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that the author thinks_（分数：2.00）A.Americans are actually concerned about privacy issues.B.Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns.C.Americans are very frank
29、 about privacy concerns.D.Americans are puzzled about privacy concerns.(5).Which of the following is the authors viewpoint?（分数：2.00）A.Never give your private information to anyone.B.People should pay more attention to their privacy issues.C.Do not surrender your email to any website.D.It does no goo
30、d saying “I have nothing to hide“.Open up most fashion magazines and you will see incredibly thin models with impossible hair and wearing unreasonably expensive, impracticably styled clothes. But shouldnt clothes be comfortably durable and make a principle of being simple for the individual who wear
31、s them? Why are we constantly told that we need to buy new clothes and add fresh pieces to our collection? Fashions change year after year so lots of people can make piles of money. If folks are convinced that they need a different look each season, that this years sweaters length and shoes style ar
32、e important, they can be persuaded to buy. The fashion industry would have you ignore your shortcomings and just make you feel beautiful and happy. In fact it is not only a phenomenon we can find in peoples dressing. Fashion controls our lives. Fashion controls what we wear, what we eat, what we dri
33、nk, the way we cut our hair, the makeup we buy and use, the color of the cars we drive. Fashion even controls our ideas. You dont believe me? How many of your friends are vegetarians? Why are they vegetarians? Because it is fashionable! Where does fashion come from? Often the reasons are quite logic
34、al. Scientists and historians study the fashions of the past and discover the secrets of each fashion. When girls see an attractive guy, their blood pressure rises and their lips become redder. Thats why guys think that girls wearing lipstick are beautiful. Why do guys shave their heads? In the past
35、 soldiers shaved their heads to kill the insects that lived in their hair. Now guys shave their heads so that they look strong and masculine, like soldiers. People spend a lot of time and money on fashion. But are they wasting their money? Changes in fashion help to develop new technologies. Changes
36、 in style create work for people all over the world. Many people work in the fashion industry, particularly in the fashion capitals of London, New York, Paris and Milan. And finally, fashion makes you feel good, doesnt it? When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable mus
37、ic, after watching the latest hit film, you feel great, dont you?（分数：10.00）(1).Whats the authors viewpoint about the models and their hairstyles and clothes?（分数：2.00）A.Unbiased.B.Indifferent.C.Critical.D.Appreciative.(2).It is indicated by the author that clothes should be_（分数：2.00）A.comfortable and
38、 durable.B.new and fresh.C.expensive and fashionable.D.simple and unique(3).The fashion industry makes profits by_（分数：2.00）A.selling the products at high prices.B.creating a need in you.C.helping you get rid of your shortcomings.D.making you look more beautiful.(4).The author thinks what has been fo
39、und about fashions by the scientists and the. historians is_（分数：2.00）A.incredible.B.amazing.C.reasonable.D.creative.(5).The passage mentions the advantages of fashion EXCEPT that_（分数：2.00）A.it can help promote technological development.B.it enables people to remain up-to-date.C.it can create more jo
40、b opportunities for people.D.it can make people achieve a great feeling.On day one of my self-proclaimed Month of Gratitude, my five-year-old son woke up “bored“ at 5: 15 a. m. , I spied a speeding ticket in my wifes purse, and our water heater spluttered to its death as I was getting into the showe
41、r. Ordinarily, I would have started complaining and the day wouldve been off to an ugly start. But this day was different. How cute my childs dimples(酒窝)are. How fetching my wifes taste for adventure. Only 29 days to go. Just a week earlier, as I struggled with the feeling that Id been put on this e
42、arth to load and unload the dishwasher, Id decided it was time to end my reflexive complaining. But it wasnt simply the little things that were annoying me. All of a sudden, my friends were dealing with bad news cancer diagnoses, divorce, job loss. Shouldnt I be celebrating my relative good fortune?
43、 Id heard about the feel-good benefits of a gratitude attitude. Hoping for tips, I called professor Emmons, who pioneered research on the benefits of positive thinking. Emmons quoted new studies that indicated that even pretending to be thankful raises levels of the chemicals associated with pleasur
44、e and contentment. He recommended keeping a log of everything Im grateful for in a given week or month. I followed his suggestions, but my first attempts at keeping a gratitude list were pretty weak: coffee, naps, caffeine in general. As my list grew, I found more uplift: freshly picked blueberries;
45、 the Beatles White Album; that Im not bald. By day three, I was on a tear, thanking every grocery bagger and parent on the playground like Id just won an Oscar and hanging post-it notes to remind myself of the next days thank-you targets: the mailman, my sons math teacher. But soon, the full-on appr
46、oach started to bum me out. Researchers call it the Pledge of Allegiance effect. “ If you overdo gratitude, it loses its meaning or, worse, becomes a chore,“ professor Emmons told me when I mentioned my slump. Be selective, he advised, and focus on thanking the unsung heroes in your life. Then profe
47、ssor Emmons suggested a “ gratitude visit. “ Think of a person who has made a major difference in your life and whom youve never properly thanked. Compose a detailed letter to him or her that expresses your appreciation in concrete terms, then read it aloud, face-to-face. I immediately flashed on Mi
48、ss Riggi, my eighth-grade English teacher. She was the first one to open my eyes to Hemingway, Faulkner, and other literary giants. To this day, I am guided by her advice(“Never be boring“). I booked plane tickets to my hometown, Scranton, Pennsylvania. Miss Riggi was shorter than I remember, though
49、 unmistakable with her still long, black hair and bright, intelligent eyes. After a slightly awkward hug and small talk, we settled in. I took a deep breath and read. “I want to thank you in person for the impact youve had on my life,“ I began. “Nearly 30 years ago, you introduced my eighth-grade class to the wonders of the
