1、2013年浙江大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 As the firms business increased they_more and more employees. （ A） took up （ B） took in （ C） took after （ D） took on 2 Since the situation is changing, lets take some_measures to deal with it. （ A） available （ B） changeable （ C） considerable （ D）
2、 flexible 3 As a good photographer, you must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who_it. （ A） innovate （ B） inhabit （ C） integrate （ D） inherit 4 Not all persons arrested and _with a crime are guilty, and the main function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty unde
3、r the law. （ A） sentenced （ B） accused （ C） persecuted （ D） charged 5 As a result, they had to_answering their letter by three days. （ A） decide （ B） refrain （ C） surpass （ D） delay 6 The report mentioned that some important people had attended the closing_. （ A） surgeon （ B） suspicion （ C） ceremony
4、 （ D） target 7 His birthday was_in a big hotel and attended by about 200 people. （ A） inspected （ B） installed （ C） celebrated （ D） interfered 8 The_of jet travel has made the world seem smaller. （ A） remark （ B） relationship （ C） removal （ D） innovation 9 Before you can start a business, you will h
5、ave to raise the necessary_. （ A） investment （ B） savings （ C） income （ D） capital 10 During the races there were two accidents to motor-cyclists including one_accident. （ A） fatal （ B） killing （ C） deadly （ D） deathly 11 The company is on the verge of bankruptcy, and thousands of jobs are at_. （ A）
6、 danger （ B） loss （ C） threat （ D） stake 12 As a result of the strike, the Government is urging people to be_with electricity. （ A） economic （ B） economical （ C） economy （ D） economics 13 Very few scientists_with a completely new answer to the worlds problem. （ A） come on （ B） come up （ C） come in （
7、 D） come round 14 A passer-by was quick enough to_the falling child and drew him out the path of a lorry. （ A） put away （ B） lifted up （ C） grabbed at （ D） sought after 15 Although most dreams apparently happen_ , dream activity may be provoked by external influences. （ A） instantaneously （ B） simul
8、taneously （ C） spontaneously （ D） unanimously 二、 Cloze 15 Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it【 C1】 _not matter. They will turn themselves off and on again when you【 C2】_. You will choose the temperatures for each room, the lighting and the humidity.
9、 A sensor【 C3】 _the presence of a human(and, with luck, ignore the dog!)and turn the systems on, and when the humans【 C4】 _it will turn them off again. The sensors will work through the central home computer and they will do【 C5】_more than just turn the fires and lights on and【 C6】 _for you. They wi
10、ll detect【 C7】 _electrical appliances, plugs or switches, isolate them【 C8】_they cannot harm anyone, and then【 C9】 _you that they need repair. They will detect fire and if you are out of the【 C10】 _, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also【 C11】 _the police【 C12】 _the sensors detect【 C
11、13】_intruder. This will not be too difficult【 C14】 _the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal card the one you use for shopping maybe using a【 C15】 _known only to you. It will be【 C16】 _to lose the keys, and a housebreaker will have to【 C17】_with the l
12、ock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering and【 C18】 _a signal to the computer. The computer will be more than a fireman-policeman-servant. It will be an【 C19】_, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040 “ entertainm
13、ent“ will mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part【 C20】 _, rather than just watching. 16 【 C1】 （ A） will （ B） do （ C） can （ D） could 17 【 C2】 （ A） go out （ B） return （ C） run out （ D） go away 18 【 C3】 （ A） will detect （ B） detect （ C） detected （ D） detecting 19 【 C4】 （ A） come （
14、 B） leave （ C） stay （ D） stand 20 【 C5】 （ A） many （ B） much （ C） a lot of （ D） all 21 【 C6】 （ A） off （ B） on （ C） away （ D） in 22 【 C7】 （ A） fault （ B） faultless （ C） faulty （ D） faultiness 23 【 C8】 （ A） so much （ B） so that （ C） in that （ D） by that 24 【 C9】 （ A） warns （ B） warned （ C） warning （ D）
15、 warn 25 【 C10】 （ A） house （ B） home （ C） room （ D） unit 26 【 C11】 （ A） send （ B） take （ C） bring （ D） call 27 【 C12】 （ A） should （ B） could （ C） can （ D） would 28 【 C13】 （ A） a （ B） the （ C） an （ D） some 29 【 C14】 （ A） because （ B） where （ C） why （ D） how 30 【 C15】 （ A） figure （ B） amount （ C） numb
16、er （ D） sum 31 【 C16】 （ A） impossible （ B） impossibility （ C） impossibly （ D） possibly 32 【 C17】 （ A） hamper （ B） deal （ C） handle （ D） tamper 33 【 C18】 （ A） sent （ B） will send （ C） send （ D） sending 34 【 C19】 （ A） entertain （ B） entertaining （ C） entertainer （ D） entertainment 35 【 C20】 （ A） activ
17、ely （ B） passively （ C） inactively （ D） possibly 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 It might be supposed that greater efficiency could be achieved if several people worked together to solve a problem than if only one individual works on it. Although groups often may increase the motivation of their members
18、 to deal with problems, there are conflicts arising among members of a group. Problem solving needs the presence of an effective leader who not only provides direction, but also permits the orderly, constructive expression of different opinions; much of the leaders effort may be devoted to resolving
19、 differences. Success in problem solving also depends on the distribution of ability within a group. Although groups may reach a greater number of correct solutions, or may require less time to discover an answer, their efficiency is typically lower than that achieved by skilled individuals working
20、alone. In brainstorming, a problem is presented to a group of people who then proceed to offer whatever they can think of. Theoretically these unrestricted suggestions increase the probability that at least some better solutions will appear. Nevertheless, studies show that when individuals work alon
21、e under similar conditions, performance tends to proceed more efficiently than it does in groups. Under special circumstances, however, a group may solve problems more effectively than a competent individual does. Group members may contribute different resources to a solution that no individual can
22、achieve alone. Sometimes social demands may require group agreement on a single issue, as in making national economic or military policies under the governments. When only one among several solutions is correct, even if a group requires more time, it has a higher probability of identifying the right
23、 one than does an individual alone. 36 In a group, problem solving needs_. （ A） the presence of an effective leader （ B） the best way to collect resources （ C） everyone to work harder （ D） more funds 37 According to the author, it is easier for groups to reach_. （ A） mistakes they want to make （ B）
24、the place which they want to go （ C） the place where they want to rest （ D） a greater number of correct solutions 38 The author thinks that unrestricted suggestions can bring about_. （ A） some trouble （ B） some better solutions （ C） some more time （ D） some more effort 39 It can be seen from the pas
25、sage that a group will be more efficient in_. （ A） discussing directions （ B） correcting mistakes （ C） dealing with national problems （ D） finding a problem 40 According to the author, which of the following statement is TRUE? （ A） A group of people may solve problems more effectively than an indivi
26、dual. （ B） The efficiency of a group is worst in the world. （ C） A group will not be efficient in dealing with national policies. （ D） Effective leaders often solve the problems themselves. 40 Today, cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. About 43 percent of the adult men and 31 percent of the adu
27、lt women in the US smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have given up the smoking habit. 75 percent of the male population and 46 percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes at some time during their lives, but 26 percent of these men an
28、d 11 percent of the women have stopped smoking. The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing. It is a fact that men as a group smoke more than women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24-44. Income, education, and occupati
29、on all play a part in determining a persons smoking habits. City people smoke more than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher in
30、come smokes at all, he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day. The situation is somewhat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated
31、women tend to smoke more heavily. Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenaged smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and fewer from families living in farm areas. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who do not plan t
32、o continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke. 41 What do we know from the first paragraph? （ A） More and more people take up the habit of smoking. （ B） There are more smoking women than smoking men in USA. （ C） It is go
33、od news that more people have given up smoking. （ D） The US has more smoking people than any other city. 42 What determines a persons smoking habits? （ A） Age, income and education （ B） Age, sex and income. （ C） Occupation, income and sex （ D） Profession, income and education 43 Which of the followi
34、ng is true according to the passage? （ A） City people are less likely to smoke. （ B） People in rural areas are more likely to smoke. （ C） Men with higher incomes tend to smoke. （ D） Well-educated men with high incomes are generally less likely to smoke. 44 What is the smoking situation for women? （
35、A） The situation is quite the same for women as for men. （ B） Better-educated women are likely to smoke heavily. （ C） There are more women smokers with low incomes. （ D） Women with higher incomes and higher education do not tend to smoke. 45 What can we say about teenage smokers? （ A） The picture ab
36、out the teenage smokers is similar to that of women smokers. （ B） The situation among teenagers is quite the same with men. （ C） High school students are more likely to smoke than college students. （ D） Farmers children tend to smoke more. 45 Everyone experiences fear during major crisis such as fir
37、es, automobile accidents, etc. Some people even feel very nervous when they fly in airplanes. No matter how hard they try, they cannot lower their anxiety. Some of them enjoy talking about their fears while others resent being asked to discuss their personal feelings. Many are aware that they feel a
38、nxious but only a few are conscious of the way they express their tension. Some people try to hide their nervousness: they try to disguise their anxiety by telling jokes. Others become loud and aggressive, attacking people by making them the butt of cruel jokes. Sometimes making someone else the tar
39、get of jokes is an attempt to control ones own fears to master anxiety. A number of factors can be mentioned as important in explaining why some people have a fear of flying: early childhood experiences, general sense of security, fear of heights, trust in others, percentage of alcohol in blood, etc
40、. The memory of a bad experience can sometimes trigger the same fear caused by that experience. Thus, a child might be frightened by the sight of a dog even though he is safe, merely because he once had a bad experience with a dog. A bad experience can be the cue that triggers our fears. But the cru
41、cial factor seems to be a feeling of no control. Usually we are able to suppress our feelings so that they do not affect our behavior. But sometimes the tension produced by our fears is so great that we cannot suppress it. At such time we need to discharge the tension by laughing or crying. By smili
42、ng foolishly and talking loudly, we are able to repress the rising feeling of fear so that it does not affect the way we behave. Because it is necessary to recognize a problem before it can be solved, admitting that we are afraid is an integral part of the process of mastering our fears. 46 To make
43、someone the butt of jokes means_. （ A） to make someone become the object of jokes （ B） to force someone to enjoy jokes （ C） to entitle someone to tell jokes （ D） to offend someone by jokes 47 What is the positive purpose of peoples telling jokes? （ A） To show ones sense of humor. （ B） To control one
44、s own fears. （ C） To disguise their anxiety. （ D） To attack others. 48 To master anxiety means_. （ A） to be familiar with tension （ B） to hold back the feeling of uneasiness （ C） to conquer the feeling of nervousness （ D） to be good at the subject of anxiety 49 According to the author, which of the
45、following is the most important factor triggering the feeling fear? （ A） The fear of heights. （ B） Early Childhood experience. （ C） The general sense of security. （ D） A feeling of no control. 50 According to the concluding paragraph, what is essential to go through the process of mastering ones fea
46、rs? （ A） To be conscious of the way of mastering fears. （ B） To repress the rising feeling of fear. （ C） To admit the feeling of fears. （ D） To control ones feelings. 50 I hear many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing
47、away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching a
48、t one anothers hands for courage. They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up just by listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in this way is that the crowd is doing it
49、. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisement what a teenager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All
