1、BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 41 及答案解析(总分：56.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 3(总题数：4，分数：56.00)There are many different reasons why fashion is such a powerful cultural and economic influence in developed societies at the beginning of the 21st millennium and why it has been so powerful during the twentieth century. The economic
2、 interest of manufacturers and advertisers has certainly been important but it is highly unlikely that these would have been successful unless their message met a receptive audience within the mind of the culture. Just as men compete with one another so do women, women want to stand out and be notic
3、ed. To wear something beautiful, if not outrageous, does just this. It gives a woman a competitive advantage with regard to other women. The most brightly colored and scented flowers in the otherwise verdant green of a tropical jungle tend to attract the most visits from potential insect pollinators
4、. How many women, when they ask another woman what she is wearing to a function, do so because they want to make sure they are wearing the same thing? To be fashionable is also an indication of status because, initially in any case, designer wear is expensive and beyond the reach of most. It indicat
5、es status, power, and access to resources. Fashion, initially outrageous, is then copied by other women so that by definition it becomes less outrageous and more the norm. The boundary keeps moving further back so that the outrageous has to become even more extreme. However, equally important is to
6、wear something “new“. Women do not like to always look the same. This, for many of them, is a psychological preference which probably evolved in response to the Coolidge effect in men. To wear something different, to have a different make-up, a different style is to bring an element of “newness“ int
7、o the equation and to appeal to mens(or her mans)innate desire for novelty. Of course, the risk in the new look or the new hairstyle is that it will not be found to be attractive, hence the significant anxiety which women often find themselves experiencing when they make such a change.（分数：14.00）(1).
8、The article is a(an)_.（分数：2.00）A.argumentationB.expositionC.narrationD.description(2).According to the passage, one womans advantage over another lies in _.（分数：2.00）A.intelligenceB.economic statusC.how fashionable her dress isD.social status(3).What does the word “outrageous“(Line 2, Para. 2)probabl
9、y mean?（分数：2.00）A.Unusual.B.Attractive.C.Expensive.D.Terrible.(4).What is the Coolidge Effect(Line 3, Para. 3)?（分数：2.00）A.A desire for recognition.B.A desire for belongings.C.A preference for diversity.D.A willingness to resemble others.(5).Which of the following statements is FALSE?（分数：2.00）A.Outra
10、geous fashion may not be beautiful.B.Man has an innate desire for newness.C.Women dont like asking another woman what she is wearing to a function.D.Fashion is a powerful cultural and economic influence in developed countries.(6).All of the following statements are the reasons why women choose fashi
11、on EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.they want to stand out and be noticedB.they want to show status in fashionable clothesC.they want to wear something different to appeal to menD.they want to show their specific cultural background(7).The main purpose of this article is to _.（分数：2.00）A.illustrate the advantages
12、of fashionB.explain why fashion is popular among womenC.analyze womens psychological response to fashionD.explain the culture background of fashionExperiments have shown that in selecting personnel for a job, interviewing is at best a hindrance, and may even cause harm. These studies have disclosed
13、that the judgments of interviewers differ markedly and bear little or no relationship to the adequacy of job applicants. Of the many reasons why this should be the case, three in particular stand out. The first reason is related to an error of judgment known as the halo effect. If a person has one n
14、oticeable good trait, their other characteristics will be judged as better than they really are. Thus, an individual who dresses smartly and shows self-confidence is likely to be judged capable of doing a job well regardless of his or her real ability. Interviewers are also prejudiced by an effect c
15、alled the primacy effect. This error occurs when interpretation of later information is distorted by earlier connected information. Hence, in an interview situation, the interviewer spends most of the interview trying to confirm the impression given by the candidate in the first few moments. Studies
16、 have repeatedly demonstrated that such an impression is unrelated to the aptitude of the applicant. The phenomenon known as the contrast effect also skews the judgment of interviewers. A suitable candidate may be underestimated because he or she contrasts with a previous one who appears exceptional
17、ly intelligent. Likewise, an average candidate who is preceded by one who gives a weak showing may be judged as more suitable than he or she really is. Since interviews as a form of personnel selection have been shown to be inadequate, other selection procedures have been devised which more accurate
18、ly predict candidate suitability. Of the various tests devised, the predictor which appears to do this most successfully is cognitive ability as measured by a variety of verbal and spatial tests.（分数：14.00）(1).What does the paragraph mainly discuss?（分数：2.00）A.How to be successful in an interview.B.Th
19、e procedure of interview.C.The inadequacy of interviewing job applicants.D.How to judge an interviewer.(2).What does “hindrance“(Line 2, Para. 1)probably mean?（分数：2.00）A.Obstacle.B.Advantage.C.Incentive.D.Standard.(3).Which of the following is NOT the reason of inadequacy of interview?（分数：2.00）A.Hal
20、o effect.B.Primacy effect.C.Contrast effect.D.Cognitive effect.(4).All of the following statements about the halo effect are false EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.it is the worst judgmental errorB.it works only when an interviewee dressed smartly and is self-confidentC.it exemplifies how one good characteristic
21、 colors perceptionsD.it contributes to the adequacy of interviewing job applicants(5).According to the passage, a suitable candidate may be underestimated by the contrast effect because _.（分数：2.00）A.the candidate has no noticeable good traitB.the previous candidate may appears exceptionally intellig
22、entC.the candidate lacks self-confidenceD.the candidate leaves a bad first impression(6).According to the passage, the impression given in the first few moments _.（分数：2.00）A.is vital to the decision of the interviewerB.is closely related to the aptitude of the applicantC.corresponds to the later inf
23、ormation of the applicantD.can be easily changed(7).Which one is true about cognitive test?（分数：2.00）A.It tests the applicants verbal ability.B.It tests the applicants spatial ability.C.It is a more reliable way to test applicant suitability.D.It is a hindrance to personnel selection.Film has propert
24、ies that set it apart from painting, sculpture, novels, and plays. It is also, in its most popular and powerful form, a storytelling medium that shares many elements with the short story and the novel. And since film presents its stories in dramatic form, it has even more in common with the stage pl
25、ay: both plays and movies act out or dramatize, show rather than tell, what happens. Unlike the novel, short story, or play, however, film is not handy to study; it cannot be effectively frozen on the printed page. The novel and short story are relatively easy to study because they are written to be
26、 read. The stage play is slightly more difficult to study because it is written to be performed. But plays are printed, and because they rely heavily on the spoken word, imaginative readers can conjure up at least a pale imitation of the experience they might have been watching a performance on stag
27、e. This cannot be said of the screenplay, for a film depends greatly on visual and other nonvisual elements that are not easily expressed in writing. The screenplay requires so much “filling in“ by our imagination that we cannot really approximate the experience of a film by reading a screenplay, an
28、d reading a screenplay is worthwhile only if we have already seen the film. Thus, most screenplays are published not to read but rather to be remembered. Still, film should not be ignored because studying it requires extra effort. And the fact that we do not generally “read“ films does not mean we s
29、hould ignore the principles of literary or dramatic analysis when we see a film. Literature and films do share many elements and communicate many things in similar ways. Perceptive film analysis rests on the principles used in literary analysis, and if we apply what we have learned in the study of l
30、iterature to our analysis of films, we will be far ahead of those who do not. Therefore, before we turn to the unique elements of film, we need to look into the elements that film shares with any good story. Dividing film into its various elements for analysis is a somewhat artificial process, for t
31、he elements of any art form never exist in isolation, it is impossible, for example, to isolate plot from character: events influence people, and people influence events; the two are always closely interwoven in any fictional, dramatic, or cinematic work. Nevertheless, the analytical method uses suc
32、h a fragmenting technique for ease and convenience. But it does so with the assumption that we can study these elements in isolation without losing sight of their interdependence or their relationship to the whole.（分数：14.00）(1).What is mainly discussed in the text?（分数：2.00）A.The uniqueness of film.B
33、.The importance of film analysis.C.How to identify the techniques a film uses.D.The relationship between film analysis and literary analysis.(2).Why is it not handy to study film?（分数：2.00）A.Because screenplay is not as well written as literary works.B.Because a film cannot be effectively represented
34、 by a printed screenplay.C.Because a film is too complicated.D.Because publishers prefer to publish literary works.(3).From the third paragraph we learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.the means by which we analyze a literary work cannot be applied to the analysis of the filmB.a good film and a good story have ma
35、ny elements in commonC.we should not pay extra effort to study filmsD.using the principles of literary analysis makes no difference in film analysis(4).The word “screenplay“ in paragraph 2 most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.theatrical workB.stage directionsC.the script of a filmD.film captions(5).Whic
36、h of the following is true in the comparison between film and play?（分数：2.00）A.The principle of dramatic analysis is useless in analyzing a film.B.The screenplay is more difficult to understand than the stage play.C.The stage play is more difficult to understand than the screenplay.D.Both prefer to s
37、how rather than tell what happens.(6).Why cant we divide film into various elements for analysis?（分数：2.00）A.Because these elements are interwoven with each other and cannot be separated without failing to appreciate a film as a whole.B.Because films cannot be written down and it is inconvenient to a
38、nalyze them.C.Because films elements are too complicated.D.Because films need not to be analyzed in detail.(7).What does the word “it“ refer to in the last sentence of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The analytical method.B.The fragmenting technique.C.Ease.D.Convenience.In Britain, agreements for inviting an
39、d entertaining guest at a wedding are usually the responsibility of the brides family. In most cases, mainly friends and relations of both families are invited. But when the brides father is a businessman of some kind, the wedding reception may provide a useful occasion for establishing social conne
40、ctions with clients and customers and other people whose will may be of advantage to him. It is, however, the brides mother who has the job of sending the formal printed invitation cards. In the case of a church wedding, the vicar of each parish in which the bride and the bridegroom live is normally
41、 informed about a month advance of the ceremony so that the announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place. Anyone who may know of an existing marriage of their partner is order to give information about it, though this means of avoiding bigam
42、y(重婚)must have been more effective in the days when people moved about the world less than they do today. Often up to a hundred or more people attend the religious service and the bride usually wears the traditional long white dress and veil, while her bridesmaids, who are often children, wear long
43、dresses in attractive colors. This may also happen in the case of a civil wedding in a register office but is probably less usually. The reception, which follows, may be held in a restaurant, a local hall or, when there are a few guests, in the brides own home. Refreshments are provided, a special i
44、ced wedding cake is cut and distributed to the guests, toasts are drunk and dancing may follow. At some point in the celebrations, the bride goes off to change into the everyday clothes and then leaves the party with her husband to go on their honeymoon. The journey they will make together, often in
45、 romantic surroundings abroad.（分数：14.00）(1).It is the brides parents who normally have to _.（分数：2.00）A.make all the arrangements for the weddingB.provide hospitality for people attendingC.decided who shall be invitedD.pay all the expenses involved(2).According to the passage, some guests may be invi
46、ted because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are likely to be annoyed if they are notB.they may give valuable presentsC.their presence could provide future benefitsD.they may help with expense of the wedding(3).Why are the arrangements for a church wedding usually made some time before?（分数：2.00）A.To allow the nece
47、ssary length of time for publishing the wedding.B.To provide time for organizing the reception.C.To make sure that the guests can arrange to be free on the day.D.To ensure a thorough investigation of the couple exists marital statues.(4).What possible difference is suggested between the church and a
48、 civil wedding?（分数：2.00）A.Civil weddings are less commonly followed by a reception.B.It is less usually for guests to attend the civil wedding formalities.C.Guests at civil wedding are less formally addressed.D.There should be less attention at the letter to convention and picturesque effect.(5).The
49、 reception normally takes place in the brides room if_.（分数：2.00）A.this is a large oneB.there is enough room to entertain the guests invitedC.the parent can not afforded a hallD.there is to be no party afterwards(6).After the wedding, the bride and the bridegroom would probably _.（分数：2.00）A.have a journeyB.live romanticallyC.lead the lives just as wife and husband doD.go on their honeymoon(7).The main guests that the brides parents would invite are _.（分数：2.00）A.friends whose relations can be of advantage to the
