1、北京成人本科学位英语真题 2013 年 5 月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Reading Co(总题数：3，分数：15.00)Passage 1 Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Dont think your fat cells wont notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye
2、has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight
3、 gain. The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. (76)
4、But Americans dont seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average. So how did researchers study fat cells in the
5、 Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in b
6、ed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nightsbut this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. (77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the l
7、oss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest,” he says. Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “Theyre there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when youre exercisi
8、ng or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells stare to become insulin resistant, the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.（分数：5.00）(1). According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following
9、EXCEPT_. （分数：1.00）A.heart diseaseB.weight gainC.diabetesD.liver disease(2).The main idea of the third paragraph is_ （分数：1.00）A.how to write a medical research paperB.how to avoid sleep lossC.how the research was conductedD.how to conduct a medical experiment(3).What does the “leach” in the last para
10、graph probably mean? （分数：1.00）A.LeapB.LeadC.LeanD.Leak.(4).Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? （分数：1.00）A.We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.B.More and more studies are done to study the lind between sleep and weight.C.More than 20% of A
11、mericans are not getting enough sleep.D.Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.(5).Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? （分数：1.00）A.Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and DiseaseB.Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat StudyC.Americans Should H
12、ave More Than Six Hours of SleepD.Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our FriendPassage 2 The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the A
13、rctic(北极)is home. (78) Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt(融化). Experts say that i
14、f warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the worlds 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Polar bears cant survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on th
15、e ice. (79) Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seals breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. O
16、ften many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return. With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough
17、 opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰), and they cant always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cabs to become separated from their mothers,
18、 who provide them with food. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance well alter our warming path in time to save them,“ he
19、 says.（分数：5.00）(1).Which is the best title for the passage? （分数：1.00）A.Climate Change in the ArcticB.How to Protect the EnvironmentC.The Arctic Ts Home to Polar BearsD.Polar Bears in Danger(2).Where do polar bears usually hunt seals? （分数：1.00）A.On landB.In open water.C.In openings in the sea ice.D.A
20、t the bottom of the sea.(3).The word “cubs“ in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to_（分数：1.00）A.adultsB.babiesC.huntersD.enemies(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be kil
21、led either for food or safety.B.Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.C.Two-thirds of the worlds polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.D.The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excell
22、ent swimmers.(5).Whats the mission of Polar Bears International? （分数：1.00）A.Saving energy.B.Conducting scientific research.C.Seeking international cooperation.D.Saving polar bears and their home.Passage 3 Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的) without any formal instr
23、uction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the othe
24、r skills that we teach? Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a childs moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualitie
25、s which are commonly known as virtue(美德). I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty
26、 has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the character
27、s to be questioned about their feelings and motives. (80) Its also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control. Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something g
28、oes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when am student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, “that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!“ we draw out from them the required
29、virtue: “When youre walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?“（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? （分数：1.00）A.Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.B.The author and his staff embed virtues into less
30、ons and school life to encourage character development in children.C.Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.D.Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.(2).We can infer from the first paragrap
31、h that_. （分数：1.00）A.there tends to be disagreement about what character education isB.most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schoolsC.the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skillsD.more and more schools are adop
32、ting strategies to improve school attendance(3).The word “philosophy“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_ （分数：1.00）A.studyB.subjectC.viewpointD.investigation(4). The author is a _ （分数：1.00）A.teacherB.librarianC.reporterD.manage(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage a
33、s a way to build character in children? （分数：1.00）A.Story readings and discussions.B.Osmosis.C.Taking every opportunity to teach character.D.Role play.二、Part II Vocabular(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.So much _ about his ships on the sea that he didnt sleep for a single minute all night. （分数：1.00）A.did he worryB
34、.he did worryC.he worriedD.worried be2.His new novel is said _ into a film last year. （分数：1.00）A.to makeB.to have madeC.to be madeD.to have been made3.He tried several times to pass the exam. _ the end, he succeeded. （分数：1.00）A.OnB.InC.AtD.By4.The report of an earthquake(地震) in the south China Sea h
35、as not been _ yet. （分数：1.00）A.conflictedB.confusedC.confinedD.confirmed5.The clouds are gathering. Were better hurry and _ the department store in case it rains. （分数：1.00）A.hand inB.face up toC.head forD.back up6.There is only one boat _ for hire. Im afraid you have to wait for the next one. （分数：1.0
36、0）A.superiorB.capableC.complicatedD.available7.I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of _. （分数：1.00）A.relationB.limitationC.strengthD.patience8. Finally we made a _ that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after. （分数：1.00）A.tripB.bargainC.faceD.fool9.The old man was found _ on
37、 the floor. （分数：1.00）A.lying deadB.lying deathC.laying deaD.laying death10.If one _ a crime, he will be punished. （分数：1.00）A.makesB.commitsC.performsD.achieves11.If you insist on doing that, please take me into _. （分数：1.00）A.thinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.consideration12.The letters PTA _ parent-teacher
38、association. （分数：1.00）A.stand forB.call forC.reach forD.care for13.On _ side of the street were standing young boys and girls to welcome the President. （分数：1.00）A.bothB.twoC.eitherD.every14.Hospital doctors dont go out very often as their work _ all their time. （分数：1.00）A.takes awayB.takes inC.takes
39、 overD.takes up15.The _ of blood always makes him sick. （分数：1.00）A.sightB.viewC.lookD.form16.She sent her application to the university last week, but _ any response up to now. （分数：1.00）A.didnt receiveB.werent receivingC.hadnt received D.D.hasnt received17._ by the teacher in class, John felt quite
40、depressed and kept silent the whole evening. （分数：1.00）A.CriticizingB.To criticizeC.CriticizedD.Having criticized18.Id play football with you now if I _ ten years younger. （分数：1.00）A.amB.beC.had beenD.were19.All the books, _ had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl. （分数：1.00）A.whichB.t
41、hatC.whoD.whose20.It is known that _ Galileo invented _ telescope. （分数：1.00）A.the theB./theC.a/D.the .a21.The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremely _. （分数：1.00）A.softB.softlyC.softnessD.softy22.Not a single mistake _ in the test. （分数：1.00）A.he madeB.did he makeC.he has madeD.made be23.Would you
42、mind _ a photo of you? （分数：1.00）A.me takeB.to takeC.my takingD.me to take24.The lady treats the boy next door well as if he _ her own son. （分数：1.00）A.isB.wasC.wereD.would be25.The city _ I was born is on the new railway line. （分数：1.00）A.whichB.thatC.on whichD.where26.It _ yesterday, for the ground i
43、s still wet now. （分数：1.00）A.must have rainedB.was rainingC.rainedD.had rained27.If professor Jones arrives tomorrow, either you or I _ to meet him at the airport. （分数：1.00）A.areB.isC.amD.were28._ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all. （分数：1.00）A.When compared
44、B.CompareC.While comparingD.Comparing29.On this special occasion Id like to express my _ wishes for your future happiness. （分数：1.00）A.obviousB.sincereC.hopefulD.honest30.He doesnt spend much time _ his homework. （分数：1.00）A.inB.withC.onD.for三、Part III Identifi(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.He is such strong a m
45、an that he can lift ten stones like this one. A. such B. that C. life D. like （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_32.It was until after his death that he was recognized as a great composer. A. It was until B. that C. was recognized D. a great composer （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.Get to the top of the hill, but you will see the
46、whole city. A. Get to B. top of the hill C. but D. will （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.Is that the reason because you are in favor of the proposal? A. Is B. reason C. because D.in favor of （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.There was so much noise in the room that I could hardly hear myself to think. A. so much B. that C. hard
47、ly D. to think （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.When Daddy will come back, I am going to tell him everything about your poor performance at school. A. will come back B. I am going to C. everything D. at （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_37.Some people like to eat apples, but others prefer bananas for apples. A. like B. eat C. pref
48、er D. for （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.Most tree frogs change colors from time to time to fit in with its environment. A. Most B. change C. from time to time D. its environment （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.As a slow student, Jane hasnt finished her test in time, is she? A. As B. hasnt finished C. in time D. is she （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.There are only two things worth to read in this newspaper-the TV listings and the sports page. A. only two things B. to read C. in D. the sports page （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part IV Cloze (1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Life as a woma
