1、大学六级-280 及答案解析(总分：628.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.大家希望构建一个和谐社会，但社会上存在一些与和谐社会不相符合的现象 2分析造成这种现象的不良影响 3从自身应如何做起（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：2，分数：70.00)B Madagascar/BThere are at least 8 million unique species of life on the planet, if net far more, and you could be forgiven for
2、believing that all of them can be found in Andasibe. Walking through this rain forest in Madagascar is like stepping into the library of life. Sunlight seeps through the silky fringes of the Ravenea louvelii, an endangered palm (棕榈树) found, like so much else on this African island, nowhere else.Mada
3、gascar which separated from India 80 million to 100 million years ago before eventually settling off the southeastern coast of Africa, is in many ways an Earth apart. All that time in geographic isolation made Madagascar a Darwinian playground, its animals and plants evolving into forms utterly orig
4、inal. Some 90% of the islands plants and about 70% of its animals arc endemic, meaning that they arc found only in Madagascar. But what makes life on the island unique also makes it uniquely vuhnerable, which means if we lose these animals on Madagascar, theyre gone forever.That loss seems likelier
5、than ever because the animals are under threat as never before. Once lushly forested, Madagascar has seen more than 80% of its original vegetation cut down or burned since humans arrived at least 1500 years ago, fragmenting habitats and leaving animals effectively homeless. Unchecked hunting wiped o
6、ut a number of large species, and today mining, logging and energy exploration threaten those that remain. It has an area the size of New Jersey in Madagascar that is still under forest, and all this incredible diversity is crammed into it.Madagascar is a conservation hot spot a term for a region th
7、at is very biodiverse and particularly threatened-and while that makes the island special, it is hardly alone. Conservationists estimate that extinctions worldwide are occurring at a pace that is up to 1 000 times as great as historys background rate before human beings began scattering. Worse, that
8、 die-off could be accelerating. BPrice of Extinction/BThere have been five extinction waves in the planets historyincluding the Permian (二叠纪的) extinction 250 million years ago, when an estimated 70% of all terrestrial animals and 96 % of all marine creatures vanished, and, most recently, the Cretace
9、ous (白垩纪的) event 65 million ),ears ago, which ended the reign of the dinosaurs. Though scientists have directly assessed the viability of fewer than 3% of the worlds described species, the sample polling of animal populations so far suggests that we may have entered what will be the planets sixth gr
10、eat extinction wave. And this time the cause isnt an unsteady planet or volcanoes. Its us.Through our growing numbers, our thirst for natural resources and, most of all, climate change- which, by one reckoning, could help carry off 20% to 30% of all species before the end of the century- were shapin
11、g an Earth that will be biologically exhausted. A 2008 assessment by the: International Union for Conservation of Nature found that nearly 1 in 4 mammals worldwide were at risk for extinction, including endangered species. Over fishing and acidification of the oceans are threatening marine species a
12、s diverse as the corals.Scary for conservationists, yes. but the question arises: Why should it matter to the rest of us? After all, nearly all the species that were ever alive in the past are gone today. Evolution demands extinction. When were using the term extinction to talk about the fate of the
13、 US auto industry, does it really matter if we lose species like the Yangtze River dolphin and the golden toad, all of which have effectively disappeared in recent years? What docs the loss of a few species among millions matter?For one thing, were animals too, dependent on this planet like every ot
14、her form of life. The more species living in an ecosystem, the healthier and more productive it is, which matters for us-a recent study by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) estimates the economic value of the Amazon rain forests ecosystem services to be up to $100 per hectare (about 2.5 acres). When we
15、pollute and deforest and make a mess of the ecological web, were taking out mortgages on the Earth that we cant pay back-and those loans will come due. Then there are the undiscovered organisms and animals that could serve as the basis of needed medicines as the original ingredients of aspirin were
16、derived from the herb meadowsweet unless we unwittingly destroy them first.Forests razed can grow back., polluted air and water can be cleaned, but extinction is forever. And were not talking about losing just a few species. In fact, conservationists quietly acknowledge that weve entered an age of t
17、riage (挑选), when we might have to decide which species can truly be saved. The worst-case plot of habitat loss and climate change and thats the pathway we seem to be on-show the planet losing hundreds of thousands to millions of species, many of which we havent even discovered yet. The result could
18、be a virtual extinction of much of the animal world and an irreversible poverty of our planet. Hmnans would survive, but we would have doomed ourselves to what naturalist E.O. Wilson calls the Eremozoic Era the Age of Loneliness.So if you care about tigers and rhinos, if you believe Earth is more th
19、an just a home for 6.7 billion human beings and counting, then you should be scared. But fear shouldnt leave us paralyzed. Environmental groups worldwide are responding with new methods to new threats to wildlife. In hot spots like Madagascar and Brazil. conservationists are working with locals on t
20、he ground, ensuring that the protection of endangered species is tied to the welfare of the people who live closest to them. A strategy known as avoided deforestation goes further, incentivizing environmental protection by putting a price on the carbon locked in rain forests and allowing countries t
21、o trade credits in an international market, provided that the carbon stays in the trees and is not cut or burned. And as global warming forces animals to migrate in order to escape changing climates, conservationists are looking to create protected corridors that would give the species room to roam.
22、 Its uncertain that any of this will stop the sixth extinction wave, let alone preserve the biodiversity we still enjoy, but we have no, choice but to try. We have a window of opportunity, but its slamming shut. BTo Save the Species, Save the People/BMadagascar, which is called the “hottest of the h
23、ot spots“, is where all the new strategies can be road tested. In 2003, after decades when conservation was barely on the governments agenda, then-President Marc Ravalomanana announced that the government would triple Madagascars protected areas over the following five years. That decision helped un
24、der funded parks like Andasibes, which protects some of the last untouched forest on the is land. “You cant save a species without saving the habitat where it lives,“ says WWFs Roberts.Do that right, and you can even turn a profit in the process. In Madagascar, half the revenues from national parks
25、are meant to go leo the surrounding communities. The reserves in turn help sustain an industry for local guides. In a country as poor as Madagascar, where 61% of the people live on less than $1 a day, it makes sense to give locals an economic stake in preserving wildlife rather than destroying it.Th
26、e corridors created by CIs Andasibe tree-planting program show how a small tweak can reduce the species killing effects of climate change-but also how longer-term fixes are needed. Fragmented habitats are problematic because many endangered species wind up trapped in green oases surrounded by degrad
27、ed land. As global warming changes the climate, species will try to migrate, often right into the path of development and extinction. What good is a nature reserve-fought for, paid for and protected-if global warming renders it unlivable? Climate change could undermine the conservation work of whole
28、 generations. It turns out you cant save species without saving the sky.That will mean reducing carbon emissions as fast as possible. In the US, the CBD has made an art out of using the Endangered Species Act, which mandates that the government prevent the extinction of listed species, to force Wash
29、ington to act on global warming. The CBDs Siegel led a successful campaign to get the Bush Administration to list the polar bear as threatened by climate change, and we expect more species to follow.（分数：49.00）(1).What can we find in Andasibe?（分数：7.00）A.At least 8 million unique species of life.B.Mor
30、e than 8 million unique species of life.C.A library of life on the planet.D.A kind of palm which can be found nowhere.(2).Why do we call Madagascar a Darwinian playground?（分数：7.00）A.Because of its geographic isolation.B.Because its nature is still in original form.C.Because most of its plants are en
31、demic.D.Because most of its animals are endemic.(3).What made a lot of large animals disappear in the past?（分数：7.00）A.Original vegetation cut down or burned.B.Habitats fragmenting and animals homeless.C.Hunting unchecked and without supervision.D.Mining, logging ,and energy exploration.(4).What is c
32、ausing the sixth great extinction according to the polling?（分数：7.00）A.Five extinction waves in the history.B.The Permian and the Cretaceous event.C.An errant asteroid and some volcanoes.D.The human beings.(5).The mention of the extinction of the US auto industry is used to show（分数：7.00）A.Extinction
33、is very important to all the human beingsB.All the species lived in the past have died off todayC.Evolution will inevitably cause species to disappearD.The loss of a few species among millions affects nothing(6).According to the passage, what will cause humans to live in the Eremozoic Era?（分数：7.00）A
34、.Forests razed can grow back.B.We are losing just a few species.C.Habitat loss and climate change.D.Humans would survive on the earth.(7).Why are conservationists cooperating with local people in Madagascar and Brazil?（分数：7.00）A.Because they care about tigers and rhinos.B.Because they are scared by
35、the fact and want to give up.C.Because they want to associate the protection with welfare of the locals.D.Because they want to avoid deforestation.(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)（分数：56.00）A.She doesnt know when they will go.B.She believes there is a road detour.C.
36、She wont be ready at 8 oclock.D.She wants the man to go away.A.Eating in a cafeteria.B.Buying something in a store.C.Making telephone.D.Getting money at a bank.A.Hell go if the woman goes too.B.He doubts if hell be able to go.C.Hes too tired to go.D.Hes eager to go.A.Run in town.B.Look more carefull
37、y.C.Buy shoes from a catalog.D.Find an easier place to exercise.A.In a doctors office.B.In an operating room.C.In a professors office.D.In a gymnasium.A.Hed rather not go to the lecture.B.He doesnt mind if the woman goes to the lecture.C.He wants to hear the lecture.D.Hes heard the lecture before.A.
38、There will be a lot of rain.B.Rain is very unlikely.C.Its already raining.D.Shes not sure.A.Joe bought Freds car.B.The man is joking.C.Freds car is not good.D.The man wants Jacks car.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because he can do something that hel
39、ps people.B.Because he is able to decide exactly what he does.C.Because he can travel to different parts of the city.D.Because he can cam a lot of money.A.To give travel information to passengers.B.To know his way around the city very well.C.To spend a lot of time waiting at stations.D.To predict wh
40、ere he can pick up a passenger.A.They are happy to chat to him.B.They only give one-word answers.C.They have interesting stories to tell.D.They dislike taxi drivers.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.The Waterfall Garden.B.The theatre.C.The Water World.D
41、.The Ocean Park.A.The Water World.B.The Garden.C.The Waterfall Garden.D.The Cable Car terminal.A.In the Waterfall Garden.B.In the Children Zoo.C.In the Water World.D.In the Centenary Garden.A.The Fun Fair.B.The Water World.C.The Ocean Park.D.The Waterfall Garden.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage
42、 OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Because he registered the “. cn“ for China and sent the first e-mail in China.B.Because he set up Chinas !first online comic dialogue website.C.Because he provided integrated online services.D.Because he was regarded as
43、the father of Internet in China.A.www.chinadaily. com.B.C.www. sohu. com.D.www. N.A.The Sina company.B.China Daily.C.Peoples Daily.D.Netease.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.An American protester.B.A 6-year-old Cuban boy.C.A TV cameraman.D.A psyc
44、hologist.A.By clinging to an inner tube and floating in the seaB.By bringing illegal migrants to Florida.C.By playing hide-and-seek with the helicopter.D.By holding a battle between his father and relatives.A.He can stay with his relatives in the US.B.He can play hide-and-seek with American boys.C.H
45、e must have a temporary home and go to school.D.He should be sent back to Cuba.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Her happiness to be alive.B.Her happiness to be close to nature.C.Her optimism about how much knowledge she can gain.D.Her optimism
46、about the future of mankind.A.Human beings can not be able to adapt physical and cultural changes.B.Human beings are ingenious, imaginative and have strong faith in life.C.Some changes are beyond human beings control.D.Human beings can not meet the demands of changes brought about itself.A.An anthro
47、pologist.B.A teacher.C.A doctor.D.An inventor.A.It is difficult for people living in a Stone Age culture to move into a modern world.B.Invention is a new idea to modern people.C.We human beings have abilities to solve such problems as war and pollution.D.What we need is demands from others to work f
48、or a better future.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Microsoft is a well-known corporation and its main product is software. The man who will soon become Microsofts new chief U(36) /U officer, Steve Ballmer, said on Thursday that it would be “ U(37) /U reckless and irresponsible“ to break up the massive U(38) /U firm. “I think it would be absolutely reckless and U(39) /U for anyone to try to break up this company,“ Ballmer said at a news U(40) /U after Chairman Bill Gates introduced him as the new CEO. The company is in the middle of U(41) /U with the US Government
