1、大学生英语竞赛 B 类英语专业-阅读理解(四)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：4，分数：42.00)Hallidays writing leaned very much back to the left. He was the only pupil in the class who wrote in this way. He was a nuisance in poetry lessons as he would giggle and make faces and could never be pe
2、rsuaded to read aloud. His silly behaviour made me believe that he didnt like poetry. However, when I gave the class a test in which they had to write down some poetry they had learned by heart, Halliday seemed to know the most.Halliday had a special dislike for art and I allowed him to read during
3、this period. He never volunteered for drama and refused to make a speech. Football was the one thing at which he excelled, but the sports teacher decided that he did not assert himself enough and he made another boy captain. This boy, named John Jones, could hardly read or write. All attempts to mak
4、e him work failed, but he captained the team with amazing skill.I remember an occasion when he led our school eleven out of the changing rooms for a cup match against our fiercest rivals, the team from nearby Winterton School. The Winterton girls hockey team had already beaten our own girls team and
5、 this-plus their excellent start to the season-had raised their morale to a fearsome level. Even so, John played like a true professional. Our only scorer, he made good use of Hallidays passes and scored a goal for every two that the Winterton players could manage between them. Though Kingston lost,
6、 the match was a triumph for Captain Jones!In spite of all this, the pupil who impressed me most in the end was David Halliday. He gained my admiration on a day when I had his class for art. They came into the hut shouting and pushing and I sent them out again and told them they would not have a les
7、son until they walked in properly. They thought it was fun to waste as much time as possible, and they jeered and cheered outside the hut. I let them go on for a minute. Suddenly the noise stopped and in marched Halliday.“Theyre all right now,“ he said. “Ive got them lined up.“ I looked outside and
8、sure enough the pupils of class 2D were arranged like well drilled soldiers; they were in order of size and in perfect line and so still I could see them shivering in the chilly air. “Walk in quietly,“ Halliday commanded. They obeyed their superior officer and the lesson began. Halliday himself, as
9、usual, refused to work. “Can I just sit and have a nap?“ he asked. After the help he had given me, I could hardly refuse.（分数：10.00）(1).Halliday stood out from the other pupils because of his _.A. beautiful handwriting B. poor results in poetry testsC. good behaviour D. football skills（分数：2.00）A.B.C.
10、D.(2).The match against Winterton was a triumph for John Jones because _.A. his team wonB. he scored all Kingstons goalsC. he organized the team wellD. he was chosen as Kingstons captain instead of Halliday（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).After being turned out of the hut, class 2D started behaving themselves b
11、ecause _.A. the teacher asked them to behaveB. they thought they might be punishedC. David Halliday took control of the situationD. they wanted to start the lesson（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How did the teacher react when Halliday asked to have a nap in class?A. He was furious. B. He was amused.C. He gave
12、a permission. D. He refused permission.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The Big Match. B. Jones to the Rescue!C. A Difficult Class. D. A Memorable Student!（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Stress in the Workplace（分数：12.00）(1).It is stated in the first paragraph t
13、hat _.A. both stress and pressure produce bad reactionsB. there is a link between stress and other illnessesC. stress can help you to do betterD. depression is caused by pressure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why is it important for employers to take stress seriously?A. The law requires them to make their wor
14、kplaces stress-free.B. Reducing stress can be very expensive.C. Ignoring stress in employees may be expensive for the organization.D. Stressed workers complain a lot.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the health and safety law, employers must _.A. make sure that all pressures are removedB. implement
15、immediate procedures to reduce stressC. analyze the causes of illness in the workplaceD. carry out a study to identify work-related stress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).We learn from the fourth paragraph that _.A. employers are not obliged to deal with non-work related health problemsB. employers must be awar
16、e of their employeeshome situationsC. stress at work may influence an employees home lifeD. employees need to be aware of the causes of stress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be learned from the fifth paragraph that employers _.A. must ensure that employees dont fall ill because of their jobB. should org
17、anize their work carefullyC. can help employees by organizing their workD. mustnt think that every employee can put up with stress（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).An employer may know when employees are under stress because _.A. they will give a wanting signalB. the outward signs are always visibleC. consumptio
18、n of cigarettes may increaseD. they are always unhappy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.What Is Good Writing for Children?The childrens publishers will tell you they look for“ good writing“. What exactly do they mean?Before you send a story you have written to any publisher at all, your severest critic ought to be y
19、ou yourself. To have a chance of succeeding in the competitive market of childrens fiction, you should constantly be aware, every single time you sit down at your word-processor, of the need to produce “good, original writing“. A difficult task, maybe, but one which hopefully we will help you to ach
20、ieve.To begin with, let us try to pin down exactly what publishers mean when they talk about “good writing“ for children. A useful starting point would be to take a look at some of the childrens books which won literary prizes last year. Reading these books is one of the easiest and most enjoyable w
21、ays of: (a) finding out what individual publishers are publishing at the moment, and (b) learning a few tricks of the trade from well-established professionals. It goes without saying, of course, that slavishly copying the style and subject matter of a successful author is usually a recipe for disas
22、ter. Nor should you become downhearted after reading a particularly brilliant piece of work, and miserably think you will never be able to match up to those standards. Remember. overnight success is rare-most successful childrens authors will have struggled long and hard to learn their trade. Read t
23、hese books as a critic; note down the things you enjoyed or admired, as well as areas where you feel there was possibly room for improvement. After all, nobody is perfect, not even a successful, prize-winning author.Possibly the toughest challenge is right at the youngest end of the age range-the pi
24、cture book. The would-be author/illustrator is attempting to create an exciting story out of the narrow, limited, everyday world of a young childs experience-not easy at all. The whole storyline has to be strong enough to keep the reader turning the pages, yet simple enough to fit into a few pages.
25、Another problem for the new picture-book authors is that it can seem that every subject and every approach has been done to death, with nothing new left to say. Add to this the fact that printing costs are high because of full colour illustrations, which means that the publisher will probably want a
26、 text that suits the international market to increase sales, and a novel for ten-year olds, with hardly any pictures at all, starts to look much more inviting.You would be forgiven for wondering if there are any truly original plots left to impress publishers with. But remember that, in many ways, i
27、t is the writers own personal style, and intelligent handling of a subject that can change a familiar, overworked plot into something original and flesh. To illustrate this, read The Enchanted Horse by Magdalen Nabb. A young girl called Irina finds an old wooden horse in a junk shop, takes it home a
28、nd treats it as if it was real. Soon it magically starts to come to life. Sounds familiar? The magic object that comes alive is a storyline that has been used in hundreds of other childrens stories. So why does it succeed here? The answer is that Magdalen Nabb has created a strong, believable charac
29、ter in the lonely, unhappy heroine Irina, and the descriptions of her relationship with the wooden horse are poetic and touching.So, to return to the question asked at the beginning: What exactly is “good writing“ for children? The answer is that it is writing which is flesh, exciting and unpredicta
30、ble, and which gives a new and original angle on what might be a wellworn subject. But do not be put off if you feel that you simply cannot match up to all these requirements. While there is obviously no substitute for talent, and the ability to come up with suitable ideas, many of the techniques fo
31、r improving and polis-hing your manuscript can be learned.（分数：12.00）(1).Why does the article advise people to look at prize-winning books?A. To copy the authors style.B. To realise what a high standard needs to be reached.C. To get an idea of what might be successful.D. To find out how to trick publ
32、ishers.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do most successful childrens authors have in common?A. They did not get depressed by early failures.B. They have learned how to be critical of other authorswork.C. They find it easy to think of storylines that will sell.D. They have worked hard to become well-known.（
33、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why is the picture book the most difficult to write?A. Young children have experience of a small number of subjects.B. Young children cannot follow storylines easily.C. The pictures need to be exciting.D. Children want to be able to read it quickly.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The book a
34、bout Irina is successful _.A. because of the unusual way magic is usedB. because of the way the character is describedC. because the story has not been told beforeD. because the pictures bring the story to life（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does it in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The storyline. B. The magic o
35、bject.C. The horse. D. The childrens story.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What conclusion does the writer of the text come to?A. Anyone can learn to write a good story.B. The subject matter is the most important consideration.C. If you have the ability to think of good ideas, you can learn the rest.D. Some pu
36、blished fiction is badly written.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Space enthusiasts hoping to become Chinas next astronauts must pass “super human“ health checks, and that means no bad breath.New “taikonauts“ must also have brushed their teeth thoroughly over the years as anyone with dental cavities is disqualified
37、.And even if an individual is fighting fit, he wont be selected if there has been any serious illness in the last three generations of his family.These are amongst the 100 health requirements for would-be astronauts vying to be part of Chinas next space team, according to the Yangtse Evening Paper.T
38、he selection process, which the paper said is for the second batch of Chinese astronauts, will disqualify those who have scars, runny noses, ringworm, drag allergies or bad breath.“The bad smell would affect their fellow colleagues in the confined space,“ said Shi Bingbing, an official at one of the
39、 six astronaut health screening hospitals in Nanjing.Aside from the physical requirements of the job, the candidate must also possess a pleasant and adaptable disposition, the paper said.“These astronauts could be regarded as super human beings,“ Shi said.China became the third country with a succes
40、sful manned space programme after they sent an astronaut into space aboard Shenzhou 5 on October 15,2003, for more than 21 hours.Chinas first manned space-walk occurred in September last year. Zhai Zhigang, the son of a snack-seller, unveiled a small Chinese flag in space, helped by his colleague Li
41、u Boming, who also briefly popped his head out of the capsule.The space walk was a step towards Chinas longer-term goal of assembling a space lab and then a larger space station.（分数：8.00）(1).A person who is fighting fit cannot become a taikonaut if anyone in his family for the last three generations
42、 _.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Bad breath disqualifies space travel candidates because it will _.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The length of time Shenzhou 5 travelled through space was _.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Chinas long-term goal in space is to _.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、Section B(总题数：4，分数：58.00)1 For some people it is extre
43、me education: 10-hour days, contracts with parents and very strict rules on behaviour in small, 200-pupil academies. The result in a new type of school in the US is 100% acceptance to college, test results as good as those in private schools, and teenagers from New Yorks South Bronx district who pla
44、y the viola like their neighbours in Manhattan.2 James Verrilli, principal of the North Star Academy in Newark, Americas second poorest city, said: “These kids know drugs. These kids know crime and violence. Their fathers are in jail. We have a school culture here which is very different from the at
45、titude they have when they first walk through the door. Its a culture that tells them they can go to college.“3 At the North Star Academy children like Charism and Queen-Ama smile politely as they shake your hand and welcome you in. About 85% of pupils are African-American and 90% get free school me
46、als. Last year 80% got “proficient or advanced“ grades in maths, compared with just 28% in the local neighbourhood school. This was above the state average. Pupils work in silence with a professionalism they have learned during a three-day process. From the beginning pupils are taught to speak clear
47、ly, answer questions in full sentences and look the teacher in the eye.4 Parents have to sign a three-way contract with their child and the principal, and must promise to participate themselves. When a childs homework isnt handed in by 8 am, there is a phone call home. When the parent doesnt turn up
48、 for a meeting, their child is not allowed back into school until they turn up. There are signs saying “No excuses“ on the walls.“ I was working until 11 last night. Im tired, but I know Ive got to work,“ says one ll-year-old, as she finishes up her homework over breakfast. “Even my mothers gone bac
49、k to school since Ive been here.“ Pupils are tested every six weeks and their results are examined carefully.5 “As a principal of a small school, I know how every child is progressing and how they are behaving,“ says Mr. Verrilh. He also sits in on classes himself, observing the students and writing notes for the teachers.6 North Star and other small schools like it have developed from the charter school movem
