1、大学四级-1067 及答案解析(总分：710.04，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the chart and then express your views on the college students“ choice of reading materials. You
2、 should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：106.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：31.50）A.An invention made by architects and engineers.B.A new device gathering information a
3、bout buildings.C.An introduction of a three-dimensional model.D.New ways of building structures.A.The accurate shape of rooms in the building.B.The size and position of heating and cooling equipment.C.The size and position of windows and doors.D.The placement of electrical outlets.Questions 3 and 4
4、are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：30.00）A.Kids should spend more time outdoors.B.Kids all like trees and flowers.C.Kids may learn better in green nature.D.Kids should learn to protect nature.A.They can distract a child“s attention.B.They are easy to be accepted.C.They can hurt a
5、child“s health.D.They will affect a child“s schooling.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：45.00）A.Permanent loss of eyesight of pilots.B.Loss of consciousness of passengers.C.Tragic results of air accidents.D.Blackouts of jet fighter pilots.A.When the airplane slow
6、s down very quickly.B.When the airplane is making a sharp turn.C.When the pilots have a heart disease.D.When the pilots lose consciousness.A.It is required by the laws and the government.B.The air pressure is rather low above the Earth“s surface.C.The passengers will lose consciousness in the planes
7、.D.Lack of oxygen can affect anyone at extreme heights.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：71.00)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：35.52）A.The number of families is reduced a lot.B.More young people seldom stay at home.C.Relatives seldom live in the same place.D.The family me
8、mbers live in the same place.A.She wishes her parents live with her.B.She wishes her parents live alone.C.She wishes her parents live in a retirement room.D.She wishes her parents live with her siblings.A.He is always in trouble at home.B.He is reluctant to live with his parents.C.He often fights wi
9、th other persons.D.He doesn“t study hard.A.He likes living alone.B.His house is far from his parents“ house.C.He is busy with his business.D.He always quarrels with his parents.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：35.52）A.He has been looking for a job.B.He has be
10、en looking for a house.C.He has been looking for a roommate.D.He has been looking for an agent.A.A roommate who does not snore.B.A roommate who does not smoke.C.A roommate who is very tidy.D.A roommate who loves studying.A.A flat with two bedrooms.B.An unfurnished apartment.C.A well-decorated apartm
11、ent.D.A furnished bedroom in a shared flat.A.Help do housework.B.Bargain with the landlord.C.Agree to share with others.D.Sign a contract for two years.五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.They think it looks like flowers.B.They thin
12、k it is full of passion.C.They use it to show respect for Christ.D.They think it is beautiful.A.France.B.The Caribbean.C.England.D.Canada.A.It is about the size of an egg.B.It is with a brown skin.C.It is full of yellow seeds.D.It is about the size of an orange.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the pa
13、ssage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.A book.B.A clock.C.A shirt.D.A suitcase.A.Fastening her seat belts.B.Listening to the music.C.Enjoying the beauty of the evening sky.D.Sitting in a smoke-filled room.A.She lost her ticket.B.She was thought bringing a time bomb.C.She made some mistakes.D.Her pas
14、sport had some problems.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.They have unwritten regulations.B.They never punish the violators.C.They have the promising prospects.D.They have strict rules.A.He will be perceived as a successful person.B.He will be less likely t
15、o get promotion.C.He will be more successful.D.He will be pushed aside by his colleagues.A.Try to modify it.B.Criticize it directly.C.Don“t judge it.D.Shoot it down.A.He who creates the idea deserves the credit himself.B.It doesn“t matter if a business owner borrows his employee“s idea.C.You can bor
16、row other people“s idea if you work as a team.D.The victim will forget soon if you borrow his idea.六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)It seems individual cancer cells send out the same distress signals as wounds, tricking immune cells into helping them grow into tumours. T
17、he finding suggests that anti-inflammatory drugs could help to combat or prevent cancer. “Lifelong, if you take a small quantity of something that 1 inflammation (炎症), such as aspirin, it could reduce the risk of cancer,“ says Adam Hurlstone of the University of Manchester, UK. When tissue is wounde
18、d or infected it produces hydrogen peroxide. White blood cells called leukocytes (白血球) are among the first cells to react to this 2 , homing in to kill the infectious agent, clean up the mess and rebuild 2 tissue. At first, the tissue becomes inflamed, but this subsides as the wound is cleared and r
19、ebuilding continues. Now, a study in zebra fish shows that this process is also instigated (唆使) and sustained by tumour cells. Hurlstone and his colleagues 4 engineered zebra fish so that skin cells and leukocytes would show different 5 under ultraviolet light. Some zebra fish were also engineered t
20、o have cancerous skin cells. The team found that the cancerous skin cells secreted (分泌) hydrogen peroxide, 6 leukocytes which helped them on their way to become a tumour. When the team 7 hydrogen peroxide production in the zebra fish, the leukocytes were no longer attracted to cancerous cells and th
21、e cancer colonies reduced in 8 More alarmingly, the researchers found that healthy skin cells 9 to the cancerous ones also produced hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that cancer cells 10 co-opt them into triggering inflammation. A. adjacent B. blocked C. changed D. colors E. damaged F. figure G. genetic
22、ally H. hue I. hurtful J. number K. somehow L. somewhat M. summoning N. suppresses O. trigger（分数：35.50）八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Gulf Between College Students and LibrariansA. Students rarely ask librarians for help, even when they need it. This is one of the sobering (令人警醒的) truths the librari
23、ans have learned over the course of a two-year, five-campus ethnographic (人种学的) study examining how students view and use their campus libraries. The idea of a librarian as an academic expert who is available to talk about assignments and hold their hands through the research process is, in fact, fo
24、reign to most students. Those who even have the word “librarian“ in their vocabularies often think library staff are only good for pointing to different sections of the stacks. B. The ERIAL (Ethnographic Research in Illinois Academic Libraries) project contains a series of studies conducted at Illin
25、ois Wesleyan, DePaul University, and Northeastern Illinois University, and the University of Illinois“s Chicago and Springfield campuses. Instead of relying on surveys, the libraries included two anthropologists (人类学家), along with their own staff members, to collect data using open-ended interviews
26、and direct observation, among other methods. The goal was to generate data that, rather than being statistically significant yet shallow, would provide deep, subjective accounts of what students, librarians and professors think of the library and each other at those five institutions. C. The most al
27、arming finding in the ERIAL studies was perhaps the most predictable: when it comes to finding and evaluating sources in the Internet age, students are extremely Internet-dependent. Only 7 out of 30 students whom anthropologists observed at Illinois Wesleyan “conducted what a librarian might conside
28、r a reasonably well-executed search,“ wrote Duke and Andrew Asher, an anthropology professor at Bucknell University, who led the project. D. Throughout the interviews, students mentioned Google 115 timesmore than twice as many times as any other database. The prevalence of Google in student research
29、 is well-documented, but the Illinois researchers found something they did not expect: students were not very good at using Google. They were basically clueless about the logic underlying how the search engine organizes and displays its results. Consequently, the students did not know how to build a
30、 search that would return good sources. “I think it really exploded this myth of the “digital native“,“ Asher said. “Just because you“ve grown up searching things in Google doesn“t mean you know how to use Google as a good research tool.“ E. Even when students turned to more scholarly resources, it
31、did not necessarily solve the problem. Many seemed confused about where in the constellation (云集) of library databases they should turn to locate sources for their particular research topic: Half wound up misusing databases a librarian “would most likely never recommend for their topic.“ For example
32、, “Students regularly used JSTOR, the second-most frequently mentioned database in student interviews, to try to find current research on a topic, not realizing that JSTOR does not provide access to the most recently published articles.“ Unsurprisingly, students using this method got either too many
33、 search results or too few. Frequently, students would be so discouraged that they would change their research topic to something that requires a simple search. F. “Many students described experiences of anxiety and confusion when looking for resourcesan observation that seems to be widespread among
34、 students at the five institutions involved in this study,“ Duke and Asher wrote. There was just one problem, Duke and Asher noted: “Students showed an almost complete lack of interest in seeking assistance from librarians during the search process.“ Of all the students they observedmany of whom str
35、uggled to find good sources, to the point of despairnot one asked a librarian for help. G. In a separate study of students at DePaul, Illinois-Chicago, and Northeastern Illinois, other ERIAL researchers deduced several possible reasons for this. The most basic was that students were just as unaware
36、of the extent of their own information illiteracy as everyone else. Some others overestimated their ability or knowledge. Another possible reason was that students seek help from sources they know and trust, and they do not know librarians. Many do not even know what the librarians are there for. Ot
37、her students imagined librarians to have more research-oriented knowledge of the library but still thought of them as glorified ushers. H. However, the researchers did not place the blame solely on students. Librarians and professors are also partially to blame for the gulf that has opened between s
38、tudents and the library employees who are supposed to help them, the ERIAL researchers say. Instead of librarians, whose relationship to any given student is typically ill-defined, students seeking help often turn to a more logical source: the person who gave them the assignmentand who, ultimately,
39、will be grading their work. Because librarians hold little sway with students, they can do only so much to reshape students“ habits. They need professors“ help. Unfortunately, faculty may have low expectations for librarians, and consequently students may not be connected to librarians or see why wo
40、rking with librarians may be helpful. On the other hand, librarians tend to overestimate the research skills of some of their students, which can result in interactions that leave students feeling intimidated and alienated (疏远的). Some professors make similar assumptions, and fail to require that the
41、ir students visit with a librarian before carrying on research projects. And both professors and librarians are liable to project an idealistic view of the research process onto students who often are not willing or able to fulfill it. I. By financial necessity, many of today“s students have limited
42、 time to devote to their research. Showing students the pool and then shoving them into the deep end is more likely to foster despair than self-reliance. Now more than ever, academic librarians should seek to “save time for the reader“. Before they can do that, of course, they will have to actually
43、get students to ask for help. “That means understanding why students are not asking for help and knowing what kind of help they need,“ say the librarians. J. “This study has changed, profoundly, how I see my role at the university and my understanding of who our students are,“ says Lynda Duke, an ac
44、ademic librarian at Illinois Wesleyan. “It“s been life-changing, truly.“（分数：71.00）(1).None of the students observed in the ERIAL project asked a librarian for help when searching sources, even when they were in despair.（分数：7.10）(2).The librarians learned from a two-year, five-campus ethnographic stu
45、dy that students rarely turn to librarians for help.（分数：7.10）(3).The most important reason why students did not ask librarians for help was that they did not realize their own information illiteracy.（分数：7.10）(4).Open-ended interviews and direct observation were used in the ERIAL project to make a de
46、ep and subjective report.（分数：7.10）(5).Besides students, librarians and professors are also responsible for the gap between students and library employees.（分数：7.10）(6).Students rely heavily on the Internet to find sources.（分数：7.10）(7).Professors fail to connect students to librarians, because they ha
47、ve low expectations for librarians.（分数：7.10）(8).It surprised Illinois researchers that students were not good at using Google.（分数：7.10）(9).Before librarians can realize the goal of “saving time for the reader“, they first should get students to ask for help.（分数：7.10）(10).Due to the absence of the ne
48、west articles, the frequently used database JSTOR does not necessarily help students solve their problems.（分数：7.10）九、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)When you run your hands through your lover“s hair, you“re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give you
49、r team-mate or colleague a pat on the back after a setback, and the chances are you“re not consciously seeking to change the mix of signalling chemicals in their brain. It may not seem like it, but these socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent. Human behaviours that involve physical social contact have a lot more in common with social grooming activities we typically associate with other species than we might initially think
