1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 254及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. It is very common in college that ma
2、ny students are absent from the class and some teachers tend not to care about it. What do you think of this phenomenon?（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.15 schools have started social studies.B.15 schools have used digital textbooks.C.S
3、tudents are ready to use electronic resources.D.Digital textbooks are used for social studies.A.$ 1 million.B.$2 million.C.$3 million.D.$4 million.A.To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B.To prevent pilots from working overtime.C.To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D.To fix the amount of work fo
4、r each pilot.A.They had only covered cargo plane pilots.B.They had failed to cover all the pilots.C.They would be put into effect in two years.D.They would be too costly if carried out.A.Slapping their children in the face or head.B.Spanking.C.Beating their children with a closed fist.D.Threatening
5、to lock their children outside.A.India.B.The Philippines.C.Egypt.D.Not mentioned.A.To reveal cultural differences and similarities.B.To expose cases of child abuse and punishment.C.To analyze child behavior across countries.D.To investigate ways of physical punishment.5.Section B_A.Young couple.B.Mi
6、ddle-aged couple.C.Classmates.D.Teammates.A.Take exercise.B.Keep on a diet.C.Join a basketball team.D.Keep fit.A.The mans heart.B.A physical checkup.C.The man will fail to join the team.D.The health of the man.A.Watch his diet.B.Have a physical checkup.C.Take up a training.D.Go to bed early.A.He lik
7、es Sweden better than England.B.He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C.He is an Englishman living in Sweden.D.He visits London nearly every winter.A.The bad weather.B.The gloomy winter.C.The cold houses.D.The long night.A.Delightful.B.Painful.C.Depressing.D.Refreshing.A.They often stay up late rea
8、ding.B.They work hard and play hard.C.They like to go camping in summer.D.They try to earn more and spend more.6.Section C_A.Vanilla.B.Chocolate or syrup.C.Food.D.Nuts, fruit and whipped cream.A.Nobody knows.B.One Sunday in the 1890s.C.In the 1890s.D.In the 1980s.A.Sunday.B.The name of the customer.
9、C.The name of the owner.D.The name of the ice-cream parlor.A.Americans art music.B.American s street music.C.American s black music.D.American s classic music.A.Harmony and melody are from Africa and rhythm from Europe.B.Harmony and melody are from Europe and rhythm from Africa.C.Harmony and rhythm
10、are from Africa and melody from Europe.D.Melody and rhythm are from Europe and harmony from Africa.A.The player invents the music in advance.B.The player makes up the music while playing.C.A good jazz player plays the same music twice.D.It s like hearing a piece of music that was written long ago.A.
11、The role of Florida in the American Revolution.B.The discovery of Florida by Ponce de Leon in 1513.C.The history of the cultivation of oranges in Florida.D.The popularity of Florida oranges in London in the 1770s.A.London.B.St. Augustine.C.The Antilles.D.New York.A.Jesse Fish.B.Ponce de Leon.C.Colum
12、bus.D.British sailors.A.Because oranges tended to dry out during shipping.B.Because Florida oranges were very small.C.Because there was no great demand for oranges in Europe.D.Because oranges were plentiful in their home country.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_
13、8.Section A_Who doesnt love being in love? A true love listens to you talk about work, lets you have that last 1of pie, and usually remembers to take out the trash. He is ready to forget all kinds of 2. And he always thinks youre beautiful, even without 3. Scientists have long been keen to prove tha
14、t love gives us health 4too. Researchers cant say for sure that a lover is more important than a loving family or warm friendship when it comes to wellness. But they are learning more about how a romantic partner makes us 5, with health gains that 6from faster healing and better control over illness
15、es to living longer. The benefits of love are 7and measurable. A study last year from the University of Pittsburgh found that women in good marriages have a much lower risk of heart disease than those in high-stress relationships. The National Love and Health Study has been 8more than a million subj
16、ects since 1979. The study shows that married people live longer, have fewer heart attacks and lower cancer rates, and even get pneumonia less frequently than singles. A new study from the University of Iowa also found that cancer patients with a strong sense of connection to others and in 9relation
17、ship were better able to fight off cancer. It seems that love helps people 10their immune system. A)range B)makeup C)stronger D)righteous E)tracking F)slice G)health H)strengthen I)benefits J)refreshing K)misunderstandings L)designing M)satisfying N)suggested O)explicit（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
18、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_When Mom and Dad Grow Old A)The prospect of talking to increasingly fragile parents about their future can be “one of the most difficult challenges adult children will ever face, “ says Clarissa Green, a Vancouver therapist. “People ofte
19、n tell me they dont want to raise sensitive issues with their parents about bringing in caregivers or moving, “ she says. “Theyll say, I dont want to see dad cry.“ But Green usually responds, “What s wrong with that?“ Adult children, she says, need to try to join their parents in grieving their decl
20、ine, acknowledge their living arrangements may no longer work and, if necessary, help them say goodbye to their beloved home. “It s sad. And it s supposed to be. Its about death itself.“ B)There are almost four million men and women over age 65 in Canada. Nearly two thirds of them manage to patch to
21、gether enough supportfrom family, friends, private and government servicesto live independently until virtually the day they die, according to Statistics Canada. C)Of the Canadian seniors who live to 85 and over, almost one in three end up being moved sometimes kickingto group living for the last ye
22、ars of their lives. Even in the best-case scenarios(可能出现的情况), such dislocations can bring sorrow. “Often the family feels guilty, and the senior feels abandoned“ says Charmaine Spencer, a professor in the gerontology department of Simon Fraser University. Harassed with their own careers and children
23、, adult children may push their parents too fast to make a major transition. D)Val MacDonald, executive director of the B.C. Seniors Services Society, cautions adult children against imposing their views on aging parents. “Many baby boomers can be quite patronizing(高人一等的), “ she says. Like many who
24、work with seniors, Macdonald suggests adult children devote many conversations over a long period of time to collaborating on their parents future, raising feelings, questions and optionsgently, but frankly. However, many middle-aged adults, according to the specialists, just muddle(应付)through with
25、their aging parents. E)When the parents of Nancy Woods of Mulmur Hills, Ont., were in their mid-80s, they made the decision to downsize from their large family home to an apartment in Toronto. As Wood s parents, George and Bernice, became frailer(更虚弱的), she believed they knew she had their best inte
26、rests at heart. They agreed to her suggestion to have meals on Wheels start delivering lunches and dinners. However, years later, after a crisis, Woods discovered her parents had taken to throwing out the prepared meals. Her dad had appreciated them, but Bernice had come to believe they were poisone
27、d. “My father was so loyal, “ says Woods, “he had hid that my mother was overwhelmed by paranoia(偏执狂).“ To her horror, Woods discovered her dad and mom were “living on crackers and oatmeal porridge“ and were weakening from the impoverished diet. Her dad was also falling apart with the stress of prov
28、iding for Bernicea common problem when one spouse tries to do everything for an ailing partner. “The spouse who s being cared for might be doing well at home, “ says Spencer, “but often the other spouse is burned out and ends up being hospitalized.“ F)Fortunately, outside help is often available to
29、people struggling through the often-distressing process of helping their parents explore an important shift. Sons and daughters can bring in brochures or books on seniors issues, as well as introduce government health-care workers or staff at various agencies, to help raise issues and open up discus
30、sions, says Val Macdonald, whose nonprofit organization responds to thousands of calls a year from British Columbians desperate for information about how to weave through the dizzying array of seniors services and housing options. The long list of things to do, says MacDonald, includes assessing the
31、ir ability to live independently: determining your comfort level with such things as bathing a parent: discussing with all household members whether it would be healthy for an elderly relative to move in: monitoring whether, out of pure duty, youre overcommitting yourself to providing a level of car
32、e that could threaten your own well-being. G)The shock phone call that flung Nancy Woods and her parents into action came from her desperate dad. “I got this call from father that he couldnt cope anymore. My mother was setting fires in the apartment, “ she says. “He didnt want to see it for what it
33、was. Up to then hed been in denial.“ Without knowing she was following the advice of experts who recommend using outside sources to stimulate frank discussion with parents, Woods grabbed a copy of The 36-Hour Day: a family guide to caring for persons with Alzheimer disease, related dementing illness
34、, and memory loss in later life. She read sections of the book to her dad and asked him, “Who does that sound like? “ Her father replied, “It s mother. It s dementia(痴呆).“ At that point, Woods said, her dad finally recognized their tragic plight(困境). She told her father she would help them move out
35、of their apartment. “He nodded. He didnt yell or roar. He took it on the chin(忍受痛苦).“ H)Woods regrets that she “had not noticed small details signaling moms dementia.“ But shes satisfied her dad accepted his passage into a group residence, where he and his wife could stay together in a secure unit w
36、here staff were trained to deal with patients with dementia. “From the moment they moved into the Toronto nursing home, their physical health improved. On the other hand, it was the beginning of the end in terms of their mental abilities. Perhaps they couldnt get enough stimulation. Perhaps it was i
37、nevitable.“ I)After my father died in 2002, the grim reality of my mothers sharply declining memory set in starkly. With her expanding dementia, mom insisted on staying in her large North Shore house, even though she was confused about how to cook, organize her day or take care of herself. For the n
38、ext three years we effectively imposed decisions on her, most of them involving bringing in caregivers, including family members. In 2005 mom finally agreed, although she barely knew what was happening, to move to a nearby nursing home, where, despite great confusion, she is happier. As Spencer says
39、, the sense of dislocation that comes with making an important passage can be “a very hard adjustment for a senior at the best of times. But it s worse if it s not planned out.“（分数：20.00）(1).Clarissa Green suggests that adult children should try to share their fragile parents grieving feelings.（分数：2
40、.00）填空项 1:_(2).When Nancy Woods father got to know their tragic situation, he finally moved out of their apartment.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).When Nancy Woods parents reached their mid-80s, they moved into an apartment.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Despite knowing little about what was happening, his mother lived mo
41、re happily in a nearby nursing home.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Val MacDonald s organization is non-profit and helps adult children cope with their aging parent issues through phone calls.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Under stress from their own careers and children, adult children will always push their parents to g
42、roup living.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Most Canadian seniors older than 65 live independently until they die, Statistics Canada, reported.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Val MacDonald hopes baby boomers not to force their parents to understand their ideas.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Since Nancy Woods parents moved into the To
43、ronto nursing home, they became physically healthier, but had new problems with their mental abilities.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).When her mother set fires in the apartment, Nancy Woods father couldn t handle it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded ont
44、o the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing. Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environmentally safe products and tried to meet the dem
45、and as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous(模糊的)terms as “environmentally friendly“ and “green.“ Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. To avoid future trouble, many companies waited for state and federal governm
