1、大学英语四级-221 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.元宵节每年农历的正月十五是元宵节。早在两千多年前的西汉时期(the Western Han Dynasty)，元宵节就已经成为一个具有重要意义的节日。在这天，人们制作各种漂亮的灯笼、设计有趣的灯谜；同时多种表演，如舞龙灯、舞狮子、踩高跷(stilt walking)等也会上演。和其他中国传统节日一样，元宵节也有特定的食品，叫“汤圆(glue pudding)”。汉语中，汤圆和“团圆”发音相似，代表着家庭团圆、和谐和快乐。 （分数：20.00）_2.秋千秋千(swing)的起源可以追溯到上古时代。爬树或跨越溪流的工具
2、就是秋千的雏形(embryonic form)。从汉朝开始，荡秋千逐渐成为一种在清明节(the Tomb-sweeping Day)和其他一些节日时进行的民间活动。秋千是一种游戏用具，而荡秋千是一种运动。荡秋千的人可以坐在或站在由一个架子上的两条长绳子吊起来的、类似一块踏板之类的东西上来回摆动。荡秋千有很多形式，比如说单人荡、双人荡等。 （分数：20.00）_3.指南针中国是举世公认的发明指南针(compass)的国家。最初的指南针叫做司南(Sinan, a south-pointing ladle)，出现在战国时期。一般在指南针上标有东南西北四个方位，并且还有刻度。北对应零度，刻度随顺时针方
3、向而增加。作为中国古代的四大发明之一，指南针对人们的生活，尤其是航海业的发展，起到了重要的作用。指南针对西方世界也产生了显著的影响，这些国家由此开始了大规模的海外冒险活动。 （分数：20.00）_4.异地团圆俗话说，有钱没钱回家过年。按照传统习俗，异地游子春节都要回到老家与父母过年。但近来，儿女回家看望父母的传统习俗被逐渐打破，“异地团圆”的潮流正在悄然兴起。有学者认为，如今，四位老人、一对夫妻、一个孩子的 421 型家庭逐渐成为社会主流，对他们来说，“异地团圆”不失为对传统探亲方式的补充，也是一种不错的选择。 （分数：20.00）_5.秦始皇嬴政(前 259 年前 210 年)，庄襄王之子，
4、秦朝的开国皇帝。他 13 岁继承秦王王位，21 岁亲理国事。在公元前 221 年，秦始皇统一了全国，建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权的(centralized)封建国家。秦始皇在位期间统一了文字、货币和度量衡等；他所开创的皇权制度，在中国历史上一直延续了两千多年。然而，秦始皇为了控制人民和加强专制统治(autocratic rule)，采取了许多残忍的手段，其中最著名的就是“焚书坑儒”。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级-221 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.元宵节每年农历的正月十五是元宵节。早在两千多年前的西汉时期(the Western Han Dynasty)，
5、元宵节就已经成为一个具有重要意义的节日。在这天，人们制作各种漂亮的灯笼、设计有趣的灯谜；同时多种表演，如舞龙灯、舞狮子、踩高跷(stilt walking)等也会上演。和其他中国传统节日一样，元宵节也有特定的食品，叫“汤圆(glue pudding)”。汉语中，汤圆和“团圆”发音相似，代表着家庭团圆、和谐和快乐。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Lantern FestivalThe Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. As early as more than 2,000 years
6、ago, in the Western Han Dynasty, it had become a festival with great significance. On the Lantern Festival, Chinese people craft many types of beautiful lanterns and create many interesting lantern riddles. At the same time, performances such as dragon lantern dance, lion dance and stilt walking wil
7、l be staged. Just like China“s other traditional festivals, the Lantern Festival also has its own special dish“Tangyuan, a glue pudding“. Tangyuan has a similar pronunciation with “tuanyuan (reunion)“ in Chinese, representing reunion, harmony and happiness for the family.2.秋千秋千(swing)的起源可以追溯到上古时代。爬树
8、或跨越溪流的工具就是秋千的雏形(embryonic form)。从汉朝开始，荡秋千逐渐成为一种在清明节(the Tomb-sweeping Day)和其他一些节日时进行的民间活动。秋千是一种游戏用具，而荡秋千是一种运动。荡秋千的人可以坐在或站在由一个架子上的两条长绳子吊起来的、类似一块踏板之类的东西上来回摆动。荡秋千有很多形式，比如说单人荡、双人荡等。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The SwingThe origin of swing can be traced back to the antiquity. Those tools for climbing trees or c
9、rossing streams are the embryonic forms of swing. Since the Han Dynasty, swinging has gradually become a folk activity performed on the Tomb-sweeping Day and some other festivals. Swing is a kind of game utensils while swinging is a sport. The player may sit or stand on something like a pedal which
10、is hung by two long ropes on a frame and swing back and forth. Swinging can be categorized into many forms, such as the single swing, double swing and so on.3.指南针中国是举世公认的发明指南针(compass)的国家。最初的指南针叫做司南(Sinan, a south-pointing ladle)，出现在战国时期。一般在指南针上标有东南西北四个方位，并且还有刻度。北对应零度，刻度随顺时针方向而增加。作为中国古代的四大发明之一，指南针对人
11、们的生活，尤其是航海业的发展，起到了重要的作用。指南针对西方世界也产生了显著的影响，这些国家由此开始了大规模的海外冒险活动。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The CompassChina is universally acknowledged as the country where the compass was invented. The compass, originally called Sinan, a south-pointing ladle, appeared during the Warring States Period. Generally, the dire
12、ctions of north, east, west and south are shown on the compass, and so are the angle markings in degrees. North corresponds to zero degree, and the degrees increase clockwise. As one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient China, the compass played an important role in people“s life, especially in m
13、aritime undertakings. It also had a significant influence on the western world, as thereafter those countries began large-scale overseas adventures.4.异地团圆俗话说，有钱没钱回家过年。按照传统习俗，异地游子春节都要回到老家与父母过年。但近来，儿女回家看望父母的传统习俗被逐渐打破，“异地团圆”的潮流正在悄然兴起。有学者认为，如今，四位老人、一对夫妻、一个孩子的 421 型家庭逐渐成为社会主流，对他们来说，“异地团圆”不失为对传统探亲方式的补充，也是
14、一种不错的选择。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Having Reunion in a Place away from HomeAs the proverb says, one should go home to celebrate the Chinese New Year with or without money. According to the traditional custom, those residing away from home are supposed to return to their native place during the Spring Fes
15、tival to spend the Chinese New Year with their parents. However, recently the tradition of sons and daughters going home and visiting their parents has been gradually broken while a trend of “having a reunion in a place away from home“ is quietly emerging. Some scholars believe that since the 421 ty
16、pe of family (four aged grandparents, a couple and one child) gradually becomes the mainstream of society, “having a reunion in a place away from home“ may after all serve as a supplement to the traditional practice of going home to visit one“s family and be accepted by them as a good alternative as
17、 well.5.秦始皇嬴政(前 259 年前 210 年)，庄襄王之子，秦朝的开国皇帝。他 13 岁继承秦王王位，21 岁亲理国事。在公元前 221 年，秦始皇统一了全国，建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权的(centralized)封建国家。秦始皇在位期间统一了文字、货币和度量衡等；他所开创的皇权制度，在中国历史上一直延续了两千多年。然而，秦始皇为了控制人民和加强专制统治(autocratic rule)，采取了许多残忍的手段，其中最著名的就是“焚书坑儒”。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Qin Shi HuangYing Zheng (259 B.C.-210 B.C.), the
18、 son of King Zhuangxiang, is the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty. He ascended the throne at 13, and took over with state affairs himself at 21. In 221 B.C., Qin Shi Huang unified the country and established the first centralized feudal state in Chinese history. Qin Shi Huang unified the Chinese cha
19、racters in writing, currency, and measures for length, capacity and weight. The imperial power system set up by him lasted for more than 2,000 years in Chinese history. However, in order to control people and strengthen the autocratic rule, Qin Shi Huang took many brutal means. The most famous one is “Fen Shu Keng Ru“, that is to burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive.
