1、大学英语四级 230 及答案解析(总分：746.52，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should College Students Be Encouraged to Get Married? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1现在我国允许在校大学生结婚。 2对
2、此，人们观点各异。 3我的观点。（分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION As we look back at the 20 century we realize that never in the history of mankind have humans migrated so much. Millions of people have left their homes to relocate in other parts of the world in order to change
3、their destiny. People from all over the world have dared to dream of a better future for themselves and for their children. Others were forced out of their homelands in order to escape atrocities (暴政，暴行). The two world wars during this century forced large numbers of people to seek refuge in a dista
4、nt land in order to survive. Australia Since 1945, over six million people have come to Australia as new settlers. Their arrival has had a marked influence on all aspects of our society. The trigger for a large-scale migration was the end of World War II. In Europe, millions of people were driven ou
5、tside their homelands, unable to return. In Australia, there was a desperate shortage of labour and a belief that substantial population growth was essential for the countrys future. These factors led to the creation of a federal immigration program in 1945. By 1947, a post-war immigration boom was
6、under way, with a large and growing number of arrivals of both government-assisted and other immigrants. Agreements were reached with the United Kingdom, some European countries and the International Refugee Organization (IRO) to encourage migrants, including displaced persons from war-torn Europe,
7、to come to Australia. Between October 1945 and June 1960, 1.7 million people arrived. A million more migrants arrived in each of the following four decades. Today, nearly one in four of Australias almost 20 million people were born overseas. New Zealand and the United Kingdom are the largest source
8、countries for migrants, but other regions notably Asia have become more significant. The most ambitious part of Australias migration program followed the end of World War II. Australia negotiated agreements with other governments and international organizations to help achieve high migration targets
9、. These agreements are no longer in force. Canada In 1947, the Canadian government proposed broadening immigration policies as it set its sights on two main objectives: to populate Canada and, is so doing, expand its domestic market and develop the countries resources. But Canada remained opposed to
10、 massive immigration from the Easta tendency that continued to shape immigration policy until 1962. Canada stressed its former selective policies and reasserted its right to accept or refuse particular classes of immigrants. Other political and international forces at the time, however, contributed
11、to making Canada a country of immigration. In fact, the years following World War II saw the establishment of international bodies and the introduction of human rights legislation and a pressure to welcome “displaced persons“ from Europe. This pressure led to the abolishment of the Chinese Immigrati
12、on Act in 1947. The Chinese Immigration Act of 1952, however, maintained earlier exclusion based on nationality, ethnicity(种族), climate compatibility, lifestyle and values. Contrary to the 1920s, immigration focused primarily on the construction and manufacturing industries as opposed to agriculture
13、 and mining. A wave of immigration from southern Europe swept across postwar Canada to fill the need for manual labour. The immigration of a highly skilled worked force was also encouraged in the areas of health, education and technology, mostly from Europe. The United States of America America was
14、built by immigrants. From Plymouth Rock in the seventeenth century to Ellis Island in the twentieth, people born elsewhere came to America. Some were fleeing religious and political persecution. Most, however, came for economic reasons and were part of extensive migratory systems that responded to c
15、hanging demands in labor markets. Their experience in the United States was as diverse as their backgrounds and aspirations. Some became farmers and other toiled in factories. Some settled permanently and others returned to their homeland. Collectively, however, they contributed to the building of a
16、 nation by providing a constant source of inexpensive labor, by settling rural regions and industrial cities, and by bringing their unique forms of political and cultural expression. The volume of immigration before the 1960s was staggering. Figures for the colonial period are imprecise, but by the
17、time of the first census (人口普查) of 1790 nearly 1 million Afro-Americans and 4 million Europeans resided in the United States. The European population originated from three major streams: English and Welsh, Scotch-Irish, and German. Between the end of World War II and the passage of important immigra
18、nt reform legislation in 1965, most newcomers to the United States consisted of Europeans displaced by war and Mexican agricultural workers. In 1948 Congress passed the Displaced Persons Act that eventually admitted some 400,000 Europeans uprooted by war, although displaced people from Palestine, Ch
19、ina, and India were ignored. Congress also responded to the requests of agricultural interests in the Southwest and allowed temporary workers from Mexico into the country after 1952. More than 1 million people are entering the U.S. legally every year. From 1983 through 1992, 8.7 million of these new
20、comers arrivedthe highest number in any 10-year period since 1910. A record 1.8 million were granted permanent residence in 1991. Because present law stresses family unification, these arrivals can bring over their spouses, sons and daughters: some 3.5 million are now in line to come in. Once here,
21、they can bring in their direct relatives. As a result, there exists no visible limit to the number of legal entries. Australia today Natural increase has been the main source of population growth over the past hundred years, contributing two-thirds of the increase in population between 1901 and 2001
22、. Immigration has also been a significant contributor to Australias population growth, and immigrations contribution to population growth is likely to increase during the next 30 years as the ageing of Australias population leads to the annual number of the deaths exceeding births. It is possible th
23、at sometime in the 2030s, immigration may become the only source of growth in population. （分数：71.00）(1).This article is a brief history of immigration for the countries as the major destination of immigrants.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).World War II was a key cause of the immigration boom in the past cent
24、ury.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The Immigration Act of 1952 by Canada abolished all restraints on immigration.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Most Americans are offspring of immigrants who came to the new continent to flee political or religious persecution.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The Displaced Persons Act passed
25、by American congress in 1948 admitted all immigrants uprooted by war.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).There is no actual limit to legal entries to the United States for the law protects family unification.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Canada encouraged Asia immigrants with high skills to settle inlands.（分数：7.10）A.YB
26、.NC.NG(8).The main origination of the early European immigrants to America are 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Since 1910, the highest boom of immigration to the United States occurred in the decade from 1 through 2.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).In Australia, it is predicted that immigration may become the only source
27、 of growth in population because the annual number of deaths may 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The man could buy a shirt of a different color.B.The size of the shirt is all right for the man.C.The size the man wants will arrive soon.D.The man could come some time later.A.
28、The woman is watching an exciting film with the man.B.The woman cant take a photo of the man.C.The woman is running toward the lake.D.The woman is filming the lake.A.Its quiet in the restaurant.B.The price is high in the restaurant.C.The restaurant serves good food.D.The restaurant is too far from t
29、heir school.A.At a booking office.B.In a Hong Kong hotel.C.On a busy streetD.At an airport.A.The woman has been complaining too much.B.The womans headache will go away by itself.C.The woman should have seen the doctor earlier.D.The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor.A.Help the woma
30、n move the items.B.Hurry to Mr. Johnsons office.C.Help move things to Mr. Johnsons office.D.Put off his appointment with Mr. Johnson.A.The man should not dream of being a superstar.B.The man didnt practice hard enough.C.The man should find a new partner.D.The man should not give up.A.There is no mor
31、e left.B.It doesnt appeal to her.C.Its incredibly delicious.D.She has already tasted it.A.The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.B.The man has made a mess of his midterm exam.C.The man has bad study habits.D.The man is a diligent student.A.The man will drive the woman to school.B.The
32、man has finished his assignment.C.The man is willing to help the woman.D.The man is losing patience with the woman.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Asking about her holiday plan.B.Inquiring about some places of interest.C.Offering some information about a museum.D.Answering some questions about a histor
33、ical site.A.35 yuan.B.25 yuan.C.15 yuan.D.10 yuan.A.Because she is a collector of ancient products.B.Because she likes to read about ancient history.C.Because the museum will teach a lot to her child.D.Because her child feel curious about masks.A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.D.Winter.A.To change his tra
34、vel plan.B.To arrange a time to pick up his tickets.C.To reserve a hotel room.D.To make a plane reservation.A.The man can save money by staying an extra night.B.The man should have called earlier.C.She needs the man to come into the office.D.She will mail the tickets to the man.A.Friday.B.Saturday.C
35、.Sunday.D.Monday.A.Travel on May 19 as planned.B.Wait for a cheaper fare.C.Stay an extra day in Atlanta.D.Return on Sunday.A.Humans.B.Poultry.C.Fish.D.Monkeys.A.5.B.10.C.15.D.20.A.Out of the 15 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 8 deaths.B.Out of the 15 confirmed human
36、cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 10 deaths.C.Out of the 34 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 15 deaths.D.Out of the 34 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 10 deaths.A.Europe.B.Africa.C.America.D.Asia.A.Huge increase in the n
37、umber of public relations companies.B.Shrinking cultural differences.C.New communications technologies.D.PR efforts in other countries.A.Because British companies are more ambitious than US companies.B.Because British companies place more importance on PR than US companies.C.Because British companie
38、s are heavily involved in planning activities.D.Because four of the worlds top PR agencies are British-owned.A.The Wall Street Journal.B.The Financial Times.C.The Economist.D.The Observer.A.After five oclock in the morning.B.After seven oclock in the morning.C.After five oclock in the evening.D.Afte
39、r seven oclock in the evening.A.A collect call.B.A direct dial call.C.A person-to-person call.D.A call from a pay phone.A.Dial the operator.B.Check the phone book for the overseas operators number so that he could help you.C.Check the phone book for overseas area code so that you can dial directly.D
40、.Call the Southern Bell Telephone Company.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Once open only to the rich, who could (36) 1the fees of expensive country club, tennis is becoming more and more (37) 2. Tennis courts are (38) 3 up everywhere. There are indoor and outdoor courts, and even courts on the (39) 4of s
41、kyscrapers. Sporting goods (40) 5are doing a booing business in tennis (41) 6. Tennis clothing has become an important item in the (42) 7world. Early in its (43) 8tennis was the sport of king and, (44) 9. The French King Charles V loved to play tennis, but he was very fat and must have been a comica
42、l sight on the tennis court. (45) 10. In England, Henry IV outlawed tennis because the church leaders of his time were angry that women wore less clothing when they played. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数
43、：355.00)The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.“ In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream
44、man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased; fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the count
45、ry. The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling. What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity, market
46、ing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price. Consequently, most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary
47、. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while i
48、ts contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers, but at least youll get rid of that terrible hum. （分数：177.50）(1).The statement “In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.“ (Line 1, Para. 2) suggests that_.（分数：35.50）A.the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fiftiesB.the author was not accustomed to using fri
