1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 277及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified
2、 as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women
3、riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive,
4、so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的 ), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without som
5、e kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs h
6、ave become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make
7、 the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.（分数：10.00）(1).Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes _.（分数：2.00）A.for recreationB.in the interests of the farmersC.to limit the fox populationD.to show off
8、 their wealth(2).What is special about fox hunting in Britain?（分数：2.00）A.It involves the use of a deadly poison.B.It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C.The hunters have set rules to follow.D.The hunters have to go through strict training.(3).Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game _.（
9、分数：2.00）A.by resorting to violenceB.by confusing the fox huntersC.by taking legal actionD.by demonstrating on the scene(4).A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to _.（分数：2.00）A.prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB.forbid hunting foxes with dogsC.stop hunting wild animals in the countrysi
10、deD.prevent large-scale fox hunting(5).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.killing foxes with poison is illegalB.limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC.hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD.fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the ric
11、hA new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more likely they are to develop depression as young adults. But the extent to which TV may or may not be to blame is a question that the study leaves unanswered. The researchers used a national long-term survey of adolescent health
12、to investigate the relationship between media use and depression. They based their findings on more than 4,000 adolescents who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995. As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were als
13、o asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Media use totaled an average of 5 and one-half hours a day. More than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV. 7 years later, in 2002, more than 7 percent of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time w
14、as 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8 percent increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of o
15、ther media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use. Doctor Primack says the study did not explore why watching TV causes depression. But one possibility, he says, is that it
16、 may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and socializing. It might also interfere with sleep, he says, and that could have an influence. The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry. In December, the journal Social Indicators Research
17、published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Sociologists from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, at
18、tend religious services and to vote.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, what remains unsolved in the new study?（分数：2.00）A.Who is more likely to be influenced by TV.B.How teenagers are depressed by TV.C.Whether teenagers are influenced by TV.D.What should be done to help the teenagers.(2)
19、.The more than 4,000 adolescents were chosen as the subjects of the study because they_.（分数：2.00）A.were free from depressionB.were keen on using the mediaC.attached much importance to their healthD.could afford the time for the long-term survey(3).What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?（分数：
20、2.00）A.Depression is not related to the use of other media than TV.B.Every extra hour of media uses increases the chance of depression.C.Longer use of media other than TV doesnt increase the chance of depression.D.The influence of movies, video games and radio on depression varies respectively.(4).I
21、n the last sentence of the eighth paragraph, “It“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.depressionB.watching TVC.lack of activitiesD.the result of the study(5).The study done by the sociologists from the University of Maryland was mainly intended to _.（分数：2.00）A.tell the difference between happy and unhappy people
22、B.prove the relationship between TV and depressionC.stress the importance of being socially activeD.provide a happy recipe for all peopleProfessor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their e
23、mbarrassing lapses (差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random (随机的). One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a d
24、og biscuit on her ear. “The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,“ explains the professor. “People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the womans custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action g
25、ot reversed in the programme.“ About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “programme assembly failures.“ Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doingan average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when
26、we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的 ). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. “Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain programmes occurs, as for instance between going to and from work.“ Women on
27、average reported slightly more lapses12.5 compared with 10.9 for menprobably because they were more reliable reporters. A. startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the numbe
28、r of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worseeven dangerous.（分数：10.00）(1).In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects _.（分数：2.00）A.to keep track of people who tend to forget thingsB.to report their embarrassing lapses at randomC.to analy
29、se their awkward experiences scientificallyD.to keep a record of what they did unintentionally(2).Professor Smith discovered that _.（分数：2.00）A.certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidentsB.many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindednessC.men tend to be more absent-m
30、inded than womenD.absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness(3).“Programme assembly failures“ (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people _.（分数：2.00）A.often fail to programme their routines beforehandB.tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurryC.unconsciously change the sequence
31、 of doing thingsD.are likely to mess things up if they are too tired(4).We learn from the third paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the dayB.women are very careful to perform actions during peak periodsC.women experience more peak periods of absent-min
32、dednessD.mens absent-mindedness often results in funny situations(5).It can be concluded from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapsesB.hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good atC.people should be careful when programmin
33、g their actionsD.lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentrationIts no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. Thats especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors
34、 biological parents. Its also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who cant or wont care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights. Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help chil
35、dren who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father shes ever known and that her biological parents have “no legal claim“
36、 on her. The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. Thats an important development, one thats long overdue. Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home wit
37、h the wrong parents. Kimberlys biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child wasnt the Twiggs own daughter, but Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed tha
38、t Mr. Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed. The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉) on her
39、 own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents arent always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownershi
40、p that cancels all the rights of children.（分数：10.00）(1).What was the primary consideration in the Florida judges ruling?（分数：2.00）A.The biological link.B.The childs benefits.C.The traditional practiceD.The parents feelings.(2).We can learn from the Kimberly case that_.（分数：2.00）A.children are more tha
41、n just personal possessions of their parentsB.the biological link between parent and child should be emphasizedC.foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than careD.biological parents shouldnt claim custody rights after their child is adopted(3).The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimber
42、ly because _.（分数：2.00）A.they found her unhappy in Mr. Mays custodyB.they regarded her as their propertyC.they were her biological parentsD.they felt guilty about their past mistake(4).Kimberly had been given to Mr. Mays _.（分数：2.00）A.by sheer accidentB.out of charityC.at his requestD.for better care(
43、5).The authors attitude towards the judges ruling could be described as _.（分数：2.00）A.doubtfulB.criticalC.cautiousD.supportive大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 277答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_解析：Foxes and farmers h
44、ave never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox populat
45、ion. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uni
46、form of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed
47、 to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的 ), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by mislead
48、ing riders and disturbing the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild
