1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 278 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_Im usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than
2、 they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children
3、 aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago. Why are Americas kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolationbrought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other thin
4、gs and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengtheni
5、ng social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep. Lim
6、it the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. Its not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. Make exercise part o
7、f your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesnt have to ruin your life.（分数：10.00）(1).The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about peoples state of mind are _.（分数：2.00）A.surpris
8、ingB.illogicalC.confusingD.questionable(2).What does the author mean when he says, “we cant turn the clock back“(Line 1, Para. 3)?（分数：2.00）A.Its impossible to slow down the pace of change.B.The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C.Lessons learned from the past should not be forgott
9、en.D.Its impossible to forget the past.(3).According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago _.（分数：2.00）A.were less isolated physicallyB.were probably less self-centeredC.probably suffered less from anxietyD.were considered less individualis
10、tic(4).The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is _.（分数：2.00）A.to provide them with a safer environmentB.to lower their expectations for themC.to get them more involved sociallyD.to set a good model for them to follow(5).What conclusion can be drawn from the passa
11、ge?（分数：2.00）A.Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B.Childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C.Childrens anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D.Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.It came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of
12、 Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997, to support the Red Crosss campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines. “I knew the
13、statistics,“ she said. “But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg, and people like her.“ The Princess concluded with a simple message: “We must stop landmines.“ And she used every opportunity during her visit t
14、o repeat this message. But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as “very ill-informed“ and a “loose cannon (乱放炮的人).“
15、 The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms: “This is a distraction (干扰) we do not need. All Im trying to do is help.“ Opposition parties, the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princ
16、esss trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British governments policy regarding landmines. The result was a severe embarrassment for the government. To try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malc
17、olm Rifkidnd, claimed that the Princesss views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was “working towards“ a worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was “a misinterpretation or misunderstanding.“ For the Princess, the trip to this
18、 war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.（分数：10.00）(1).Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in
19、1997 _.（分数：2.00）A.to voice her support for a total ban of landminesB.to clarify the British governments stand on landminesC.to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD.to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims(2).What did Diana mean when she said “.putting a face to those f
20、igures brought the reality home to me“ (Lines 4-5, Para. 1)?（分数：2.00）A.She just couldnt bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.B.The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.C.Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.D.Seeing the pain of the
21、 victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation.(3).Some members of the British government criticized Diana because _.（分数：2.00）A.she was ill-informed of the governments policyB.they were actually opposed to banning landminesC.she had not consulted the government before the visitD.they bel
22、ieved that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola(4).How did Diana respond to the criticisms?（分数：2.00）A.She paid no attention to them.B.She made more appearances on TV.C.She met the 13-year-old girl as planned.D.She rose to argue with her opponents.(5).What did Princess Diana think of her vi
23、sit to Angola?（分数：2.00）A.It had caused embarrassment to the British government.B.It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.C.It had greatly promoted her popularity.D.It had affected her relations with the British government.A “memory pill“ that could aid exam revision and help to prevent peop
24、le forgetting important anniversaries may soon be available over the counter. The medicine has been designed originally to help treat Alzheimers disease, a disease marked by progressive loss of mental capacity resulting from degeneration of the brain cells, but could be adapted and licensed for sale
25、 in a weaker form within the next few years. One brand of memory-enhancing pill is being developed by the multinational company AstraZeneca in collaboration with Targacept, an American company, while Epix Pharmaceuticals, also from the US, is developing another. Both have “cognitive-enhancing effect
26、s“ which are aimed at treating patients with age-related memory loss. Steven Ferris, a neurologist and former committee member of the Food and Drug Administration in the US, has predicted that a milder version will be available for healthy consumers as a “lifestyle pill“ available over the counter.
27、Dr Ferris said: “My view is that one could gain approval, provided you showed the drugs to be effective and safe. It could be a huge market.“ There is evidence that mind-improving drugs are already being taken in Britain by healthy users. Provigil, which was used to treat narcolepsy, is being taken
28、by some students to help them stay awake, while Adderall XR and Ritalin, treatments for attention deficit disorder, are being used to help promote concentration. A spokesman of Adderall XR said: “We get a lot of calls from college campuses asking about it“. “There are risks though. It can raise bloo
29、d pressure, people shouldnt do it.“ The Department of Health said it was not illegal to buy the medicines over the Internet, but it was not recommended. Barbara Sahakian, professor of clinical neuropsychology at Cambridge, said: “Its hard to quantify the scale of the phenomenon but its definitely ca
30、tching on.“ “The reality is we are not always at our best. After being up at night looking after the kids or travelling, many people would love to have something to refresh them. Its not prohibited to drink Red Bull. The principle with cognition enhancers is not so different.“（分数：10.00）(1).The “memo
31、ry pill“, as is mentioned in the first paragraph, is not sold over the counter now mainly because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is not safe enoughB.it is not efficient enoughC.it has not yet been mass-producedD.it has not yet been tested on humans(2).Epix Pharmaceuticals is developing a memory-enhancing pill for_
32、.（分数：2.00）A.adolescentsB.middle-aged peopleC.senior citizensD.pupils and students(3).It is predicted by Dr. Ferris that when the memory pill is available over the counter, it will be _.（分数：2.00）A.effectiveB.essential for healthC.necessary for lifeD.popular(4).What do we learn about the manufacturers
33、 of Adderall XR?（分数：2.00）A.They were proud that their drug was popular with college students.B.They developed a milder version of the drug for healthy people.C.They suggested that college students should not use the drug.D.They produced the drug for helping promote concentration.(5).According to Bar
34、bara Sahakian, Red Bull _.（分数：2.00）A.is not as effective as it is in realityB.is able to restore peoples energyC.involves as much risk as cognition enhancersD.has the same effect as cognition enhancersIn a moment of personal crisis, how much help can you expect from a New York taxi driver? I began s
35、tudying this question and found the answers interesting. One morning I got into three different taxis and announced, “Well, its my first day back in New York in seven years. Ive been in prison.“ Not a single driver replied, so I tried again. “Yeah, I shot a man in Reno.“ I explained, hoping the driv
36、er would ask me why, but nobody asked. The only response came from a Ghanaian driver, “Reno? That is in Nevada?“ Taxi drivers were uniformly sympathetic when I said Id just been fired. “This is America,“ a Haitian driver said. “One door is closed. Another is open.“ He argued against my plan to burn
37、down my bosss house. A Pakistani driver even turned down a chance to profit from my loss of hope; he refused to take me to the middle of the George Washington Bridgea $20 trip. “Why you want to go there? Go home and relax. Dont worry. Take a new job.“ One very hot weekday in July, while wearing a re
38、d ski mask and holding a stuffed pillowcase with the word “BANK“ on it, I tried calling a taxi five times outside different banks. The driver picked me up every time. My ride with a Haitian driver was typical of the superb assistance I received. “Lets go across the park.“ I said. “I just robbed the
39、bank there. I got $25,000.“ “$25,000?“ he asked. “Yeah, you think it was wrong to take it?“ “No, man. I work 8 hours and I dont make almost $70. If I can do that, I do it too.“ As we approached 86th and Lexington, I pointed to the Chemical Bank. “Hey, theres another bank,“ I said, “Could you wait he
40、re a minute while I go inside?“ “No, I cant wait Pay me now.“ His reluctance may have had something to do with moneytaxi drivers think the rate for waiting time is too lowbut I think he wanted me to learn that even a bank robber cant expect unconditional support.（分数：10.00）(1).From the Ghanaian drive
41、rs response, we can infer that_.（分数：2.00）A.he was indifferent to the killingB.he was afraid of the authorC.he looked down upon the authorD.he thought the author was crazy(2).Why did the Pakistani driver refuse to take the author to the middle of the George Washington Bridge?（分数：2.00）A.Because he was
42、 able to help the author to find a new job.B.Because he wanted to go home and relax.C.Because it was far away from his home.D.Because he thought that the author would commit suicide.(3).What is the authors interpretation of the drivers reluctance “to wait outside the Chemical Bank“?（分数：2.00）A.The dr
43、iver thought that the rate for waiting time was too low.B.The driver thought it wrong to support a taxi rider unconditionally.C.The driver was frightened and wanted to leave him as soon as possible.D.The driver did not want to help a suspect to escape from a bank robbery.(4).Which of the following s
44、tatements is true about New York taxi drivers?（分数：2.00）A.They are ready to help you do whatever you want to.B.They refuse to pick up those who would kill themselves.C.They are sympathetic with those who are out of work.D.They work only for money.(5).The passage mainly discusses _.（分数：2.00）A.how to p
45、lease taxi ridersB.how to deal with taxi ridersC.the attitudes of taxi drivers towards riders in personal troubleD.the attitudes of taxi drivers towards troublesome taxi riders大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 278 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10
46、.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_解析：Im usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientif
47、ically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago. W
48、hy are Americas kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolationbrought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No
