1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 281 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_Imagine you went to a restaurant with a date; had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, a
2、rmed with your profile data, greets you with, “Hey Joe, how are you? Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would you like to join her for dinner again?“ Then you find out that your burger has been cooked and your drink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date an
3、d are on a diet that doesnt include burgers. Sound a little bizarre? To some, this is the restaurant equivalent of the Internet. The Nets ability to profile you through your visits to and interactions at websites provides marketers with an enormous amount of data on yousome of which you may not want
4、 them to have. Are you aware that almost every time you access a website you get a “cookie“? Unfortunately, its not the Mrs. Fields type. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by the site to your computerusually without your knowledge. During the entire period of time that you are at the
5、site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, including where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples, and marketers know even more about youlike yo
6、ur name, address, and any other information you provide. While this may sound scary enough, cookies arent even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexanamed for the legendary third century B.C. library in Alexandria, Egyptdoes even more. While cookies track what you are doing
7、at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as which sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads, etc. All this information is available to marketers, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the informat
8、ion, you probably dont even know that you are giving it.（分数：10.00）(1).In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress was _.（分数：2.00）A.considerateB.politeC.irritatingD.unsmart(2).The author makes up the restaurant story in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.show the good service
9、 offered in some Web restaurantsB.criticize some restaurants for too considerate serviceC.show the Internets ability to collect data on youD.prove the incredible power of the Internet(3).What can be learned about “cookie“ from the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.It was first created by Mrs. Field.B.It c
10、ollects information on you without your knowing itC.Its some information sent to your computer about yourself.D.Its the latest in technology.(4).What can be learned about “Alexa“ from the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Alexa is named after an ancient hero in Egypt.B.Alexa is installed in libraries.C.Al
11、exa can collect all the necessary data on you.D.Alexa can provide more data for marketers than a cookie.(5).Which of the following words can best reflect the authors attitude to cookies and Alexa?（分数：2.00）A.Critical.B.Suspicious.C.Objective.D.Optimistic.A few degrees can make a big difference when i
12、t comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the worlds poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity. Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when the
13、y have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly. But in 1995 a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.“ It uses 2 round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space
14、between the 2 pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system. Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process. Water in the sand between the 2 pots evaporates through th
15、e surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving. The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks. People throughout Nigeria began
16、using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first 5,000 pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby. In 2000, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise
17、. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and e
18、xtend their projects. The award is given every 2 years. The most recent one was given last year.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, without a refrigerator, the poor people have to suffer in their_.（分数：2.00）A.health conditionsB.economic developmentC.industrial technologyD.social status(2)
19、.The Cooling System invented by Mohammed Bah Abba is different from a refrigerator in that it is more _.（分数：2.00）A.economicalB.health-consciousC.convenientD.environment-friendly(3).In Mohammed Bah Abbas cooling system, the evaporation process is used to_.（分数：2.00）A.prevent the loss of waterB.cause d
20、ry and wet air to exchangeC.keep the stored food dryD.take heat away from the inner pot(4).Why did Mohammed Bah Abba get the Rolex Award for Enterprise?（分数：2.00）A.Because he was very creative.B.Because he had a warm heart.C.Because his invention was beneficial for the poor.D.Because his invention wa
21、s simple but scientific.(5).What will Mohammed Bah Abba most probably be able to do after receiving the Rolex Award for Enterprise?（分数：2.00）A.Live a much better life in his hometown.B.Advocate a wider use of his invention.C.Finance refrigerators for his community.D.Raise peoples awareness of science
22、.Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea“. Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea t
23、o further his work. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question “What
24、 is at the bottom of the oceans?“ had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured. It was to Ma
25、ury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings (测探) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findi
26、ngs aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea. The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact w
27、hich defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and a
28、nalysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.（分数：10.00）(1).The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on_.（分数：2.00）A.an academic aspectB.a military aspectC.a business aspectD.an intern
29、ational aspect(2).It was _that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.（分数：2.00）A.the American NavyB.some early intercontinental travelersC.those who earned a living from the seaD.the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable(3).The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 184
30、0 was _.（分数：2.00）A.to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB.to collect sample of sea plants and animalsC.to estimate the length of cable that was neededD.to measure the depths of the two oceans(4).“Defied“ in the 5th paragraph probably means “_“.（分数：2.00）A.doubtedB.gave proof toC.challengedD
31、.agreed to(5).This passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.the beginnings of oceanographyB.the laying of the first undersea cableC.the investigation of ocean depthsD.the early intercontinental communicationsThe earliest process of making paper was done almost 5,000 years ago in Egypt and the Nile Valley
32、. In those days, paper was made from strips of the papyrus plant. Modern paper-making began in China about 2,000 years ago. This process produced paper from cloth, straw, wood or the bark of trees. The raw materials are struck over and over until they become loose. Then they are mixed with water. Af
33、ter the water has been removed, the flat, thin form remaining is permitted to dry. This becomes a sheet of paper. Large machines started to be used for making paper near the end of the 16th century. Today, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by hand, since the step
34、s are the same as using big machines. You should choose paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about 5 centimeters
35、 by 5 centimeters. Everything is placed in a container, covered with water, and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about 2 hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp, can be stored until you are ready t
36、o make paper. When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a special box or mold. The mold is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mold lets the water flow through the small wire squares. Afte
37、r several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mold. It is now strong enough to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes.（分数：10.00）(1).What is mentioned about the earliest process of ma
38、king paper?（分数：2.00）A.Its procedures.B.Its influences.C.Its purposes.D.Its materials.(2).It is suggested that we “should choose paper with small amounts of printing“ to _.（分数：2.00）A.make paper by ourselvesB.renew the old envelopesC.make various colored paperD.create our own newspaper(3).Whether the
39、paper is strong enough to be touched is determined by_.（分数：2.00）A.how long the pulp is storedB.how thick the paper isC.how much water remainsD.what type of chemicals are used(4).When the paper is lifted from the mold, it is time to _.（分数：2.00）A.make it smoothB.make it strongC.decorate itD.iron it(5)
40、.The passage is most probably intended to _.（分数：2.00）A.introduce the history of paper-makingB.describe the process of paper-makingC.compare the ancient and the modern paper-makingD.argue the possibility of paper-making by hand大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 281 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数
41、：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_解析：Imagine you went to a restaurant with a date; had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, armed with your profile data, greets you with, “Hey Joe, how are you?
42、Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would you like to join her for dinner again?“ Then you find out that your burger has been cooked and your drink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date and are on a diet that doesnt include burgers. Sound a little bizarre?
43、To some, this is the restaurant equivalent of the Internet. The Nets ability to profile you through your visits to and interactions at websites provides marketers with an enormous amount of data on yousome of which you may not want them to have. Are you aware that almost every time you access a webs
44、ite you get a “cookie“? Unfortunately, its not the Mrs. Fields type. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by the site to your computerusually without your knowledge. During the entire period of time that you are at the site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, in
45、cluding where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples, and marketers know even more about youlike your name, address, and any other information you provide. While this m
46、ay sound scary enough, cookies arent even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexanamed for the legendary third century B.C. library in Alexandria, Egyptdoes even more. While cookies track what you are doing at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as wh
47、ich sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads, etc. All this information is available to marketers, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the information, you probably dont even know that you are giving it.（分数：10.00）(1)
48、.In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress was _.（分数：2.00）A.considerateB.politeC.irritating D.unsmart解析：解析：推理判断题。第 1 段中，乔另约了一名新女友去餐馆，餐馆服务员却招呼他坐在上次约会的女友身边，并且为他准备了与上次同样的食品，包括他节食忌用的汉堡，这样的服务肯定会使乔做出负面的评价，因此选项 A 和选项 B 都不对。此外，这个故事是为了指出滥用别人的个人资料会惹人讨厌，因此可推断乔对餐厅服务员的做法会感到生气。选项 D 虽然也是反面的评价，但是这个选项可能表明乔不介意自己的资料被盗用，只是觉得餐厅服务员使用的时候不够灵活，这与文章的主题不符。(2).The author makes up the restaurant story in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.show the
