1、翻译三级口译实务-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：你好!我想看看你们的两厢汽车，要质量好点的，但价格不要很贵。你能给我推荐几种吗? B：Id love to. Here are our modified models. Most of them are economy models, available in two transmissions：the automatic and the manual. An automatic car, of course, costs more. You have to
2、consider the service charges. Cars with automatic transmission are generally more expensive to service. A：我明白了。那边的那辆是不是你们的最新款式?看上去很不错的。手动档和自动档都有吗? ” B：Yes, it has both. It is a good model. Although it has been on the market only for about six months, it has become a great favorite with Chinese custo
3、mers, very popular in big cities. A：听上去不错。这款车还有什么特点? B：Well, it also features reclining seats, a DVD player, air bags, air conditioning, and sunroofs. A：太好了!年轻的上班族需要配置齐全的经济型车。他们手头不宽裕，奔驰和卡迪拉克可不是为他们准备的。这款不知你能不能给我个优惠的折扣，7.5 折怎么样? B：Are you kidding? I would be fired. To tell you the truth, I can give yo
4、u a 10% discount at most. Anything more than that is beyond my limit. Remember its a new Product and a lot of research work has been involved in design and manufacturing. My instructions are to negotiate hard, but we can try to come up with something else. A：我明白。你的意思是你得和公司方面商量商量。不过与别的公司相比，你们的价格没有竞争力
5、。我建议打八折。这样，我们推销起来会容易一点。那颜色呢? B：Theyre available in several colors：red, blue, white, gray, pink, and also yellow. You know yellow is a favorite color among young men and women. A：中国人不太喜欢黄色汽车，可能是文化背景的原因。好了，你的展室给我留下了很深的印象。我们会对你们的产品目录作进一步的研究，尽早告诉你们我们的决定。 B：Thank you. I look forward to your early answer.
6、（分数：20.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.If you want to run a company well, you should remember that there are four general policies to follow with employees. First, pay them what they are worth. When people begin with your company, they are rarely worth what they are paid, because you are investing i
7、n their future productivity. You should pay people low at the start, with higher payments once they are established and productive. And be open about the monetary value of the additional perks they get. Second, you should make employees feel important. Build them positively and openly when praise is
8、 deserved. Temper this with negative motivation, pointing out where minor shortcomings are diluting the success that could be enjoyed. Avoid complacency by keeping employees slightly off-balance. Third, make employees think for themselves. Sometimes by being nonspecific, you create the environment w
9、here employees adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. Fourth, separate office life from social life. It is impossible to let your hair down with someone one night, and come down hard on them the next day. You should also remember that if you have to fire employees, take
10、a creative approach. Try to find a job for them somewhere else, and let the other company steal them away. However, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respecting the feelings of the employee. Never expect from your employees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. Its mo
11、re than a clichit is sound business practice.（分数：40.00）_三、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形
12、势趋向稳定。非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。（分数：40.00）_翻译三级口译实务-1 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：你好!我想看看你们的两厢汽车，要质量好点的
13、，但价格不要很贵。你能给我推荐几种吗? B：Id love to. Here are our modified models. Most of them are economy models, available in two transmissions：the automatic and the manual. An automatic car, of course, costs more. You have to consider the service charges. Cars with automatic transmission are generally more expensi
14、ve to service. A：我明白了。那边的那辆是不是你们的最新款式?看上去很不错的。手动档和自动档都有吗? ” B：Yes, it has both. It is a good model. Although it has been on the market only for about six months, it has become a great favorite with Chinese customers, very popular in big cities. A：听上去不错。这款车还有什么特点? B：Well, it also features reclining s
15、eats, a DVD player, air bags, air conditioning, and sunroofs. A：太好了!年轻的上班族需要配置齐全的经济型车。他们手头不宽裕，奔驰和卡迪拉克可不是为他们准备的。这款不知你能不能给我个优惠的折扣，7.5 折怎么样? B：Are you kidding? I would be fired. To tell you the truth, I can give you a 10% discount at most. Anything more than that is beyond my limit. Remember its a new
16、Product and a lot of research work has been involved in design and manufacturing. My instructions are to negotiate hard, but we can try to come up with something else. A：我明白。你的意思是你得和公司方面商量商量。不过与别的公司相比，你们的价格没有竞争力。我建议打八折。这样，我们推销起来会容易一点。那颜色呢? B：Theyre available in several colors：red, blue, white, gray,
17、 pink, and also yellow. You know yellow is a favorite color among young men and women. A：中国人不太喜欢黄色汽车，可能是文化背景的原因。好了，你的展室给我留下了很深的印象。我们会对你们的产品目录作进一步的研究，尽早告诉你们我们的决定。 B：Thank you. I look forward to your early answer.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：A：Hello. Im looking for some two-box carssomething with good quality
18、, but not too expensive. Would you recommend some to me? B：当然可以。这些是我们新推出的改进型款式。大部分是经济实用型的。有自动档和手动档的。自动档的当然要贵一些。你还得考虑维修费用。自动档的汽车维修费用一般要高一些。 A：I see. Is that one over there one of your latest models? It looks great! Does it have both manual and automatic transmissions? B：是的，都有，确实是一款好车。它才上市半年，就很受中国客户的欢
19、迎，尤其在大城市很受欢迎。 A：It sounds nice. What does it have? B：有可调座椅、DVD、气囊、空调和天窗。 A：Excellent! Young commuters need fully-loaded economy cars. They dont have money to burn. Benz and Cadillac are not for them. Can you grant me a favorable discount on this car, say 25% off. B：你在开玩笑吧!我会被解雇的。说实话，我最多能给你打九折。这是我的最高
20、权限，这可是新产品，在设计和生产上都进行了大量的研究工作。老板指示我不能让步，但我们还是可以再商量商量。 A：I see. You mean you have to talk to your company. But your price is not competitive, compared with those of others. My suggestion is 20%, which will make it easier for us to promote your cars in our area. What about the color? B：有好几种颜色：红的、蓝的、白的、
21、灰的、粉的，还有黄的。你知道，青年男女都很喜欢黄色的车。 A：Yellow cars do not sell well in Chinese markets, probably due to cultural reasons. Anyway, 1 was greatly impressed by your showroom, and well study your catalogues further and let you know our decision as early as possible. B：谢谢!我期待你们的回音。 综合解析 本文是一篇关于汽车销售的对话。要求应试者掌握汽车业
22、、销售等方面的基础知识和专有名词。此外，应试者还需要在较短的时间内，理解、分析、简化或切分长难句，避免从句堆积；对于一些较为生僻的词汇，不能死译、硬译，而应该在理解的基础上意译；做交替传译时，在忠实原文意思的基础上，可以在结构上进行一些变化，以达到通顺的效果，同时，还应该注意上下文的衔接。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1两厢汽车 two-box cars 2modified model 改进型款式 3经济型车 economy cars 4奔驰 Benz 5卡迪拉克 Cadillac 结构理解采分
23、点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1你好!我想看看你们的两厢汽车，要质量好点的，但价格不要很贵。 原句的句子主干是：1)(主语)我+(谓语)想看+(宾语)汽车；2)“质量好点，价格不要很贵”是对汽车的补充说明，翻译时，要注意“价格不要很贵”不能逐字翻译，在英语中，价格用“高/低”修饰，商品用“昂贵/便宜”修饰。这里需要采取减词译法，省略价格，用“expensive”直接修饰汽车。 2Cars with automatic tr
24、ansmission are generally more expensive to service. 原句的句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)Cars+(谓语)are+(表语)more expensive；2)“with automatic transmission”是主语“Cars”的后置定语。英语中，定语后置是一种常见的语言现象，而汉语中则多用前置定语，翻译时，应该调整语序，将后置定语提前，在译文中充当前置定语。 3Although it has been on the market only for about six months, it has become a great favor
25、ite with Chinese customers, very popular in big cities. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)although 引导的状语从句十主句；2)主句的句子结构：(主语)it+(谓语)has become+(表语 1)a great favorite+(表语 2) popular；翻译时，从句关系在译文中用“才就”结构表示。 4To tell you the truth, I can give you a 10% discount at most. 原句的句子结构分析如下：(主语)I+(谓语)can give+(宾语)discount。本句的重难点在于“di
26、scount”，关于折扣，英语和汉语是从相反的角度来表达的，根据英语表达习惯，修饰“discount”的百分比是从原价中减去的比例，而在汉语中修饰“折扣”的比例是顾客实际需要支付的比例。这在笔译中非常容易，但在口译时，要求应试者在非常短的时间内进行这种数字间的转换，就有一定的难度。 5Remember its a new product and a lot of research work has been involved in design and manufacturing. 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语省略)+(谓语)remember+(宾语从句 1)+(宾语从句 2)；2)宾语从句
27、1 的结构：(主语)it+(谓语)is+(表语)a new product；3)宾语从句 2 的结构：(主语)work+(谓语)has been involved；宾语从句 2 中的谓语部分由被动语态构成，翻译时，应该进行语态转换，变成主动语态。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1service charges 维修费用 2最新款式 latest models 3手动档 manual transmission 4自动档 automatic transmission 5be on the market 上市 6re
28、clining seats 调座椅 7sunroofs 天窗 8优惠的折扣 favorable discount 9推销 promote 10产品目录 product catalogues二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.If you want to run a company well, you should remember that there are four general policies to follow with employees. First, pay them what they are worth. When people begin with
29、your company, they are rarely worth what they are paid, because you are investing in their future productivity. You should pay people low at the start, with higher payments once they are established and productive. And be open about the monetary value of the additional perks they get. Second, you sh
30、ould make employees feel important. Build them positively and openly when praise is deserved. Temper this with negative motivation, pointing out where minor shortcomings are diluting the success that could be enjoyed. Avoid complacency by keeping employees slightly off-balance. Third, make employees
31、 think for themselves. Sometimes by being nonspecific, you create the environment where employees adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. Fourth, separate office life from social life. It is impossible to let your hair down with someone one night, and come down hard on th
32、em the next day. You should also remember that if you have to fire employees, take a creative approach. Try to find a job for them somewhere else, and let the other company steal them away. However, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respecting the feelings of the employee. Never
33、expect from your employees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. Its more than a clichit is sound business practice.（分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：如果你想将公司办好的话，你应该记住，对于员工的管理，有四项总原则可以遵循。 第一，根据员工的价值支付薪水。员工刚开始在你的公司工作时，几乎都不值得拿到你支付他们的工资，因为你在为他们未来的生产能力进行投资。所以开始时给他们的工资要低，但一旦他们有成就了，生产力强了，就要给他们加薪。另外，要让他们了解他
34、们所享受的额外福利的货币价值。 第二，你要让员工觉得自己很重要。当员工值得表扬时，公开、正面地鼓励调动他们，但也需要加点负面的动力，指出哪些小缺点破坏了本可以获得的成功。为避免员工自负，可让他们稍微有些紧张感。 第三，让员工多动脑筋。有时故意含糊笼统，你却创造了这样一种环境：员工善于灵活修正其它想法，并学会将这些想法运用于新的情况。 第四，将公务和社交生活分开。如果你头一天晚上无拘无束地与某人相处，而第二天就要板着脸训他，这几乎是不可能的。 你还应该记住，如果你不得不开除员工，你的做法最好有些创意，看看能否帮他们在别的地方找一份工作，或让其它公司把他们挖走。然而，当你不得不采取严厉的措施时，你
35、就得果断行动，同时也要尊重员工的感受。 对待员工，要做到己所不欲，勿施于人。这不只是陈词滥调，而是健康的行业规矩。 综合解析 本文是一篇关于公司如何管理员工的讲话。讲话人就员工的管理，提出了管理人员应当遵循的四项总原则。应试者需要依次记下这四条总原则的核心内容。 本文需要应试者掌握一些管理方面的基础知识、常用词汇，并在较短的时间内记下讲话的每一个要点；通过长难句中的连接词和讲话人的语音、语调的变化，分清层次；根据汉语表达习惯，切分长句、增减词汇、转换词类，使译文符合目的语的表达习惯。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理
36、解、翻译的关键。 1general policy 总原则 2productivity 生产能力 3monetary value 货币价值 4additional perk 额外福利 5business practice 行业规矩 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1If you want to run a company well, you should remember that there are four g
37、eneral policies to follow with employees. 原文句子结构分析如下：1)it 引导的(条件状语从句)+(主句)；2)主句句子结构：(主语)you+(谓语)should remember+that 引导的宾语从句；“there are four general policies to follow with employees”是宾语从句，处理其中的“with employees”时，需要采取增词译法，具体说明四原则是针对“员工的管理”的。 2When people begin with your company, they are rarely worth
38、 what they are paid, because you are investing in their future productivity. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)when 引导的时间状语从句+主句；2)主句中嵌入一个 because 引导的原因状语从句；3)原因状语从句结构：(主语)you+(谓语) are investing in+(宾语)productivity；翻译原因状语从句时，需要调整语序，将其中的宾语移至谓语前面。 3Sometimes by being nonspecific, you create the environment where employees
39、 adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)you+(谓语)create+(宾语)environment +定语从句；2)定语从句的句子结构：(主语)employees+(谓语 1)adapt+(宾语 1)ideas+and+(谓语 2)apply+(宾语 2)them；“where”是引导定语从句的关系副词，翻译时，可以省略不译。4However, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respe
40、cting the feelings of the employee. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)it 引导的(条件状语从句)+主句；2)从句结构：(主语)extreme action+(谓语)is called for；3)主句结构；(主语省略)+(谓语)act+(方式状语)decisively；翻译时，需要进行语态转换，将从句中的被动语态，转换成主动语态，并根据上下文，判断并补充主语。 5Never expect from your employees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语省略)+(
41、谓语)never expect+(宾语)anything +(定语从句)；目的语中有一个俗语与原句所表达的意思相同，翻译时，可以采用套译法，套用目的语中的俗语。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1follow with 遵循 2employee 员工 3negative motivation 负面的动力 4minor shortcomings 小缺点 5keep.slightly off-balance 让有些紧张感 6adapt ideas 修正想法 7office life 公务 8creative appr
42、oach 创意 9steal.away 将挖走 10act decisively 果断行动三、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。非洲各国以
43、经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。（分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, This is my third visit to Africa. Africa has abundant natural resou
44、rces and a huge development potential. Even though having suffered colonial domination and plunder for hundreds of years, and still facing considerable difficulties and challenges, the African people are yet industrious, brave, fearless and enterprising. We all are deeply impressed by these. Times a
45、re progressing and Africa is advancing. We are pleased to see that, through generations of arduous struggles, decolonization has been completed and racial segregation as an institution abolished throughout the African continent. This is a tremendous contribution to human progress. Decades of relentl
46、ess efforts have brought about progress in the cause of peace and development in Africa. In recent years, Africa has been working hard to resolve regional conflicts, which results in greater stability in its overall situation. African countries have explored a development path suited to their nation
47、al conditions, taking economic growth, poverty eradication and improvement of peoples livelihood as their top priority. The economy of Africa has got a sustainable growth for nine years. With the support from the international community, Africa has largely invested in education and personnel training and spared no efforts to address such social problems as HIV/AIDS. African countries have worked hand in hand with other developing countries to promote South-South cooperation and thus play an increasingly important role in the interna
