1、翻译二级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 43 及答案解析(总分：99.93，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1 Cloze Test(总题数：2，分数：74.00)Grooming and Personal HygieneGrooming and personal hygiene have been around for ages. It“s hard to imagine a time when people weren“t concerned with taking care of their appearance and their bodies. Perhaps these prac
2、tices started when Adam first took a bath and combed his hair before going on a date with Eve. Or maybe they began when Eve put on some herbal makeup to make herself more beautiful. No matter where they started, grooming and personal hygiene have become an important part of everyone“s daily routine.
3、 You might think that all modem societies would have the same grooming and personal hygiene practices. After all, doesn“t everybody take baths? Most people do recognize the need for hygiene, which is the basis for cleanliness and health and a good way to keep one“s friends. Grooming practices includ
4、e all the little things people do to make themselves look their 1 , such as combing their hair and putting on makeup. However, 2 most modem people agree that these things are important, people in different 3 take care of themselves in different ways. There used to be an old 4 in America that people
5、should take a bath 5 a week, whether they need one or not. In fact, 6 , Americans generally take a bath or, more commonly, a 7 every day. But in contrast to some cultures, most Americans 8 their shower in the morning, so they can start the day 9 . And instead of going to a beauty parlor for a shampo
6、o, many Americans prefer to wash and 10 their own hair. So if Americans have a “bad hair day,“ they have no one to 11 but themselves. But most people in America do 12 for the beauty parlor or barber shop 13 for a haircut, a perm or just some friendly conversation. Americans are known for having very
7、 14 noses. In America, “B.O.“ (body odor) is socially unacceptable. For that 15 , Americans consider the use of deodorant or anti-perspirant a 16 . Ladies often add a touch of perfume for an extra fresh 17 . Men may splash on after-shave lotion or manly-smelling cologne. Another 18 no-no in America
8、is bad breath. Americans don“t like to 19 what other people ate for lunch especially onions or 20 . Their solution? Mouthwash, breath mints and even brushing their teeth after meals.（分数：40.00）It never occurred to him that he and his doing were not of the most intense and fascinating interest to anyo
9、ne with whom he came in contact. He had theories about almost any subject under the sun, including vegetarianism, the drama, politics, and music; and in support of these theories he wrote pamphlets, letters, books, thousands upon thousands of words, hundreds and hundreds of pages. He not only wrote
10、these things, and published themusually at somebody else“s expensebut he would sit and read them aloud, for hours, to his friends and his family. He had the emotional stability of a six-year-old child. When he felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of
11、 going to the East to end his days as a Buddhist monk. Ten minutes later, when something pleased him, he would rush out of doors and run around the garden, or jump up and down on the sofa, or stand on his head. He was almost innocent of any sense of responsibility. Not only did he seem incapable of
12、supporting himself, but it never 21 to him that he was under any obligation to do so. He was convinced that the 22 owed him a living. In support of this belief, he borrowed 23 from everybody who was good for a loanmen, women, friends, or 24 . He wrote begging letters by the score, sometimes grovelin
13、g 25 shame, at others loftily offering his intended benefactor the privilege of 26 to his support, and being mortally offended if the recipient declined the 27 . I have found no record of his ever paying or repaying money to 28 who did not have a legal claim upon it. The name of this monster was Ric
14、hard Wagner. Everything that I have said about him you can find 29 record: in newspapers, in police reports, in the testimony of people who knew him, in his own letters, 30 the lines of his autobiography. And the curious thing about this record is 31 it doesn“t matter in the least. Because this unde
15、rsized, sickly, 32 , fascinating little man was right all the time. The joke was 33 us. He was one of the world“s greatest dramatists; he was a great 34 ; he was one of the most stupendous musical geniuses that, up to now, the world has 35 seen. The world did owe him a living. When you consider what
16、 he wrote: thirteen operas and 36 dramas, eleven of them still holding the stage, eight of them unquestionably 37 ranking among the world“s great musical-dramatic masterpieces: when you listen to 38 he wrote, the debts and heartaches that people had to endure from him don“t 39 much of a price. Think
17、 of the luxury with which for a time, at least, fate 40 Napoleon, the man who ruined France and looted Europe; and then 41 you will agree that a few thousand dollars“ worth of debts were not too 42 a price to pay for the Ring trilogy. Listening to his music, one does not forgive him for what he 43 o
18、r may not have been. It is not a matter of forgiveness. It is a 44 of being dumb with wonder that his poor brain and body didn“t burst 45 the torment of the demon of creative energy that lived inside him, 46 , clawing, scratching to be released; tearing, shrieking at him to 47 the music that was in
19、him. The miracle is that what he did in the little 48 of seventy years could have been done at all, even by a great 49 . Is it any wonder that he had no time to be a man?（分数：33.93）二、Section 2 Reading Co(总题数：2，分数：26.00)MusicProponents of different Jazz styles have always argued that their predecessor
20、s“ musical style did not include essential characteristics that define jazz as jazz. Thus, 1940“s swing was belittled by beboppers of the 1950“s, who were themselves attacked by free jazzers of the 1960“s, the neoboppers of the 1980“s and 1990“s attacked almost everybody else. The titanic figure of
21、black saxophonist John Coltrane has complicated the arguments made by proponents of style from bebop through neobop because in this own musical journey he drew from all those styles. His influence on all types of jazz was immeasurable. At the height of his popularity, Coltrane largely abandoned play
22、ing bebop, the style that had brought him fame, to explore the outer reaches of jazzthe one constant in his journey from bebop to practicing scales from theory bookswas never able to jettison completely the influence of bebop, with its fast and elaborate chains of notes and ornaments on melody. Two
23、stylistic characteristics shaped the way Coltrane played the tenor saxophone: he favored playing fast runs of notes built on a melody and depended on heavy, regularly accented beats. The first led Coltrane to “sheets of sound“, where he raced faster and faster, pile-deriving notes into each other to
24、 suggest stacked harmonies. The second meant that this sense of rhythm was almost as close to rock as to bebop. Three recording illustrate Coltrane“s energizing explorations. Recording Kind of Blue with Miles Davis, Coltrane found himself outside bop, exploring modal melodies. Here he played surging
25、, lengthy solos built largely around repeated motifsan organizing principle unlike that of free jazz saxophone player Ornette Coleman, who modulated or altered melodies in his solos. On Giant Steps , Coltrane debuted as leader, introducing his own compositions. Here the sheets of sound, downbeat acc
26、ents, repetitions, and great speed are part of each solo, and the variety of the shapes of his phrases is unique. Coltrane“s searching explorations produced solid achievement. My Favorite Things was another kind of watershed. Here Coltrane played the soprano saxophone, an instrument seldom used by j
27、azz musicians. Musically, the results were astounding. With the soprano“s piping sound, ideas that had sounded dark and brooding acquired a feeling of giddy fantasy. When Coltrane began recording for the impulse Label he was still searching. His music became raucous, physical. His influence on rocke
28、rs was enormous, including Jimi Hendrix, the rock guitarist, who, following Coltrane, raised the extended guitar solo using repeated motifs to a kind of rock art form.（分数：10.00）(1).The primary purpose of this passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.discuss the place of Coltrane in the world of jazz and describe
29、his musical explorationsB.analyze the musical sources of Coltrane“s style and their influence on his workC.acknowledge the influence of Coltrane“s music on rock music and rock musiciansD.discuss the arguments that divide the proponents of different jazz styles(2).Which of the following would have be
30、en an effect of Coltrane“s having chosen to play the tenor rather than the soprano saxophone on My favorite Things ?（分数：2.00）A.The tone of recording would have been more somber.B.The influence of bebop on the recording would have been more obvious.C.The music on the recording would have sounded less
31、 raucous and physical.D.His influence on the rock music might have been less pervasive.(3).According to the passage, John Coltrane did all of the following during his career EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.improvise on melodies from a number of different culturesB.perform as leader as well as soloistC.eliminate
32、 the influence of bebop on his own musicD.experiment with the sounds of various instruments(4).In the third paragraph, the author mentions the work of Omette Coleman in order to _（分数：2.00）A.compare Coltrane“s solos with the work of another jazz artistB.support the idea that rational organizing princ
33、iples need to be applied to artistic workC.show the increasing intricacy of Coltrane“s work after he abandoned bebopD.indicate disagreement with the way Coltrane modulated the motifs in his lengthy solos(5).According to the passage, a major difference between Coltrane and other jazz musicians was th
34、e _.（分数：2.00）A.degree to which Coltrane“s music encompassed all of jazzB.repetition of motifs that Coltrane used in his solosC.indifference Coltrane maintained to musical techniqueD.importance Coltrane placed on rhythm in jazzLou Dobbs is apparently larger than life , which is pretty much just the w
35、ay he wants it. When you enter the Midtown Manhattan studio of his syndicated radio show, the first thing you see is Big Louin a pinpoint shirt, striped tie, and dark-blue suit adorned with de rigueur flag pin. With his waves of sandy hair, confident gaze, and glint of a smile, the 64-year-old is th
36、e essence of Distinguished Broadcaster. I approach to shake his hand. “Hello, sir!“ bellows an emerging presence at the door at the opposite end of the room. That“s the real Lou Dobbs, in argyle sweater, jeans, and a Rolex baseball cap. He waves me over. “Let“s go get a sandwich!“ The other Lou is a
37、ctually a life-size cardboard cutout, designed for radio trade shows and now part of the studio trimmings that include giant posters for his bestselling books. Cardboard Lou is so convincingly wrought that I was, believe it or not, certain it was he. Dobbs jokes it“s slimmer and trimmer than he is,
38、but the line also unintentionally raises larger questions about who the real Lou Dobbs is: True Believer or Ideological Mercenary? Right now, depending on whom you ask, Dobbs is the most despised, or best-loved, broadcaster in America. The questions about his identity matter, especially as Dobbs say
39、s he“s contemplating a third-party run for national office in 2012, either for the U.S. Senate or, incredibly, the White House. Whichever route he takes, the erstwhile voice of the financial worldthe Cronkite for the business community for two decadesis clearly casting about for his next act. In 198
40、1 Dobbs was one of the first business anchors at CNN and helped build the upstart. Steady, authoritative, and Harvard-credentialed, Dobbs won a Peabody for his coverage of the 1987 stock market crash and an Emmy for lifetime achievement. Then 9/11 and Wall Street scandals like Enron transformedor tr
41、ansmogrifiedhim into an opinion-spewing, rabble-rousing provocateur. You could count on Fox“s Bill O“Reilly to attack from the right, and MSNBC“s Keith Olbermann from the left. By contrast, Dobbs was a bilious brew on CNN. Confoundingly, he also was hard to peg, an assortment of contradictions that
42、reflected either independence or opportunism. For example, he seemed to have genuine concerns for U. S. jobs and empathy for the middle class, yet it“s hard to be a paragon of the people when you have your own plane and preside over a 300-acre farm, Hickory Hollow, in the suburbs of New York City. H
43、e wants us all to buy American, yet that twin-engine Hawker jet of his was made in the U. K. by British Aerospace. He has railed against illegal aliens yet professed support for immigration. He opposed outsourcing, globalization, and unfettered trade yet calls himself a champion of free enterprise.
44、He has little use for unions or corporations. He“s pro-choice and anti-gun-control. He wants out of Iraq and Afghanistan. He despises “elites“ yet is an Ivy Leaguer. He has denounced the Pope, the United Nations, bailouts, and Columbus Day. He called for the impeachment of George W. Bush, and relent
45、lessly skewers Barack Obama, whom he mocks as “our supreme leader.“ For the past eight years Dobbs has been a populist madman. But then, in November, CNN cut him loose, though neither party to the breakup will officially describe it that way. Positioning itself as a neutral in the ideological cable
46、wars between Fox and MSNBC, CNN concluded that Dobbs“s fulminations had ceased to have utility, since his ratings weren“t very good; it didn“t help either that Dobbs was perceived at CNN as leaning right when a lot of folks there happened to lean left. An executive at Time Warner, which owns CNN (as
47、 well as Fortune), calls it a divorce between spouses who hadn“t been getting along for some time. Dobbs walked away with upwards of $ 8 million, according to sources who asked for anonymity. Neither Time Warner nor Dobbs would comment on the terms of his contractual release. Nobody, though, dispute
48、s that Dobbs was stunned that CNN was ending his run of nearly 30 years (interrupted only by a much-lampooned two-year interlude at space, com during the dotcom bubble). He announced his departure on the air and was gone minutes later, describing his exit in what sounded like a stump speech. With a
49、huge digital Stars and Stripes waving behind him, he said: “Over the past six months it“s become increasingly clear that strong winds of change have begun buffeting this country. Some leaders in media, politics, and business have been urging me to go beyond my role here at CNN and to engage in constructive problem solving, as well as to contribute positively to a better understanding of the great issues of our day.“ Strong winds indeed. He says now the hurt is gone and he is “exhilarated“ to have fresh choices. Fox presumably would be thrilled to have him on its
