1、剑桥商务英语中级-79 及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AIf you are a secretary, or personal assistant, getting a new manager means that your job will probably change, too. The new person is likely to have different ideas about how things should be done, and you may w
2、ell find that some of these are changes for the better. But remember that the new manager might be feeling nervous. If you treat their first day in the job as though its your own first day, too, it will ease the transition for them, and benefit you both.BYour new manager may have different ideas fro
3、m your previous one about personal habits, such as eating at your desk, and you will have to accept that. Their changes may not always be appropriate or helpful, however. It could be that you are asked to open the post later on in the day, when you know that it is important to get it sorted first th
4、ing. In this case, rather than grumbling about it and spreading discontent around the office, explain if there is a genuine reason for a particular way of working.CIf your new manager has joined the company from outside, they will be on a steep learning curve. Youcan really show your worth by bring
5、them up to speed on the company history and culture. The appointment of a new manager is also the ideal opprtunity for you to discuss your prospects for training and promotion with them, though raising the subject on their first day is unlikely to give them a good impression of you.DIf you are conce
6、rned about changes that your new manager wants to make to your job, first check your job description, if you have one, then speak to him or her calmly about it. If work is being put your way that is someone elses responsibility, say so. Make it clear what you believe to be the limits of your job. Id
7、eally, the two of you will come to an agreement that suits both parties. failing that, consider contacting the human resources department to see if it can act as mediator.（分数：7.00）(1).You may be able to explore your career development with your new manager.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).You may need to point o
8、ut why certain procedures are in place.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Help your new manager to feel relaxed when they take up the position.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).You should resist taking on extra tasks which you do not consider part of your role.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).You may need help in settling differences with y
9、our new manager.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).You should not encourage colleagues to become hostile towards your new manager.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).A new manager may benefit from your knowledge of conventions and attitudes within the company.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A forum for chairmen and women
10、 to exchange ideasWhen Cadbury Schweppes was considering selling its food and health products businesses in the mid-1980s, Sir Adrian Cadbury, chairman at the time, called a board meeting and told the directors not to make up their minds, but simply to talk about selling the businesses. (0) （分数：5.00
11、）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Report writing: a growing demandWriting reports is an essential business skill, one which is often thought to be quite distinct from those required for letter writing and speech making, for instance, yet in each case success comes from t
12、aking a common basic approach. Nowadays, the availability of computers makes it tempting to devote much of the planning stage of writing a report to experimenting with graphics and layout - which may well benefit the reader - but we risk focusing on presentation at the expense of substance. After al
13、l, the absence of visible corrections may not mean an absence of errors.Skill at report writing is needed for anything from a short magazine article to a lengthy submission to a public enquiry. In business, it is nor only required for more and more jobs; it can also make a difference to your chances
14、 of promotion. When you speak, people know that you dont have the time to organise your ideas, or choose the fight words. But when you write, they assume youve got the time, and expect better organisarion, more careful expression. And - worryingly, perhaps, for many - they may read your words severa
15、l times.The increasing importance of reports reflects changes in the workplace. Gone are the days when businesses or departments were small enough for decisions to be taken after a discussion between the manager and a specialist on the shop floor. Companies and organisations have expanded and are no
16、w increasingly dependent on documentation. This provides a record of decisions taken, and evidence that the issues have been analysed, Effective reports can enable management to retain the confidence of shareholders, directors and binkers.Some reports, like the minutes of a meeting, record the main
17、points of discussions, any decisions made and advice given. They also have one eye on the future. Lawyers and other professionals file reports as a record of their contact with clients. These are then available for future reference and for consukation by colleagues if necessary. A report filed at th
18、e time is considered an accurate account of events should the facts be challenged subsequently. It provides evidence that you took appropriate steps, which may be valuable if things go wrong Later.It is always important to be clear about who your readers are. The report may be written for a particul
19、ar senior executive, but, unless it is confidential, a number of other people are likely to see it. Make sure your report is relevant to their needs too. If you are set a deadline, you will give a poor impression if you miss it. Busy managers can only cope with all the documents they receive by bein
20、g selective, perhaps turning just to the introduction and summary. If they are really harassed, your report may not even leave the pending tray!To be successful, a report must be read without undue delay, understood without undue effort, accepted and, where appropriate, acted upon. But reading a rep
21、ort can be a daunting experience, in which case the recipient will resist the idea of spending time wading through it. This natural resistance is known as the cognitive cost. A technical, closely typed report, written in a ponderous style, without illustrations, will have a high cognitive cost. It i
22、s clearly going to be hard work absorbing the contents.（分数：6.00）(1).What point does the writer make in the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.The degree of accuracy in reports is higher now than in the past.B.Report writing and other forms of communication need similar skills.C.Readers are likely to respond
23、 favourably to attractively presented reports.D.The use of a computer can simplify the planning stage of a report.(2).What point is made in the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Many people are more afraid of writing reports than they need to be.B.It may be difficult to decide on the appropriate length fo
24、r a report.C.Report writing skills are influenced by the ability to speak effectively.D.Peoples careers may be affected by the way they write reports.(3).According to the third paragraph, reports are growing in importance because（分数：1.00）A.company size works against traditional forms of communicatio
25、n.B.shareholders demand to be kept fully informed of company activities.C.a greater degree of specialisation at work is becoming the norm.D.more people are being given responsibility for making decisions.(4).In the fourth paragraph the writer suggests that reports may be helpful if（分数：1.00）A.a clien
26、t is dissatisfied with your advice.B.they are structured like the minutes of meetings.C.there is a disagreement about what happened.D.they outline a range of possible future outcomes.(5).The fifth paragraph warns that the intended reader（分数：1.00）A.may not agree with you about who should read your re
27、port.B.may not think that your report is of any value.C.may not accept a report that is submitted late.D.may not read through your report in full.(6).In the last paragraph, what is meant by cognitive cost?（分数：1.00）A.the amount of time that the writer spends writing a reportB.the readers unwillingnes
28、s to make an effort to understand a reportC.the amount of time that the reader spends reading any reportD.the writers difficulty in presenting reports in an easily-understood style五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)GETTING THE BALANCE RIGHTLeaving work on time may not sound like much of a (0) However, in an
29、 experiment by glass manufacturers Dartington Crystal, it (19) . surprisingly difficult. Four managers, who all worked very long hours, took (20) . in a simple experiment: they agreed to (21) . to their set hours for a week, with no coming in early, leaving late or taking work home. The aim of the e
30、xercise was to (22) . the balance between the managers work and home lives. It was a way to get everyone thinking about their working hours and how to (23) . them,Robin Ritchie, the companys managing director, was very aware that his company was (24) , on the experiment at its busiest time of the ye
31、ar. They were also just days away from a big product (25) So not surprisingly, perhaps, it soon became clear that it wasnt going to be easy: even on the first day, director of design Simon Moore took home a design problem to (26) as he couldnt relax until he had dealt with it.As the week progressed,
32、 the four people involved found it hard to (27) . with the pressure of leaving work undone. They felt they were (28) . people down, and worried about the effect on the business. (29) . crises made it more and more difficult to go home on time. Changing working habits wasnt easy. (30) they saw the ex
33、periment through to the end.There was some (31) . up to do the following week, but the company did not appear to have suffered. Significantly, too, the experiment made the managers reappraise their (32) . to staying late and start prioritising tasks. All in all, they felt the experiment was of (33)
34、. benefit, and that it helped them to create a better balance in their lives.（分数：15.00）A.displayedB.showedC.provedD.demonstratedA.controlB.partC.effectD.placeA.keepB.stayC.remainD.standA.improveB.promoteC.upgradeD.reformA.diminishB.reduceC.dropD.lessenA.commencingB.initiatingC.originatingD.embarking
35、A.openingB.beginningC.outsetD.launchA.clear outB.work upC.sort outD.think upA.tackleB.copeC.manageD.handleA.lettingB.puttingC.settingD.cuttingA.RapidB.HastyC.SuddenD.InstantA.ConverselyB.In additionC.NeverthelessD.After allA.catchingB.runningC.takingD.comingA.viewpointB.attitudeC.feelingD.opinionA.c
36、onstantB.persistingC.stableD.lasting六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Identifying training needsThe financial benefits of training are sometimes hard to demonstrate, and often thetraining budget is the first to be reduced instead when spending is under pressure. For34 this reason, and given that the need f
37、or any corporate spending to provide maximum35 value for money, it is important for the differences between individuals must to be36 taken into account when considering training requirements. This makes for far more37 effective training than a programme is based solely on generalisations about staff
38、. After38 all this, our abilities differ, and variations in previous experience can also play a39 significant role in learning. Identifying training needs and their capabilities on an40 individual basis is often carried out in appraisal interviews. In those workplaces where41 each employees producti
39、vity is measured, such records may be considered during the42 appraisal, allowing for the possibility that inadequate training can be identified as if the43 reason for low productivity. Training requirements are also evaluated in such44 assessment centres, and in which groups of staff are observed w
40、hile taking part in job45 simulation activities. Although these are often used to assess potential for promotion, but can also show employees training needs within their current job.（分数：12.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、WRITING(总题数：2，分数：10.00
41、)1.PART ONEHow to approach Writing Test Part OnePart One counts for one third of the total marks in the Writing Test.You should spend no more than 15 minutes on Part One.You will be asked to write a note, memo, email or message to one or more people in your companyThe first bullet point of the instr
42、uctions outlines the situation.The second bullet point tells you what you should write, who you are writing it for, and the points that must be included.It is best to follow the order of the points that are required, as you will lose marks if you leave out any of them.PlanningRead the instructions c
43、arefully so that you know what to do, and underline the key words.WritingExpress yourself briefly and clearlyFor a memo or email you dont need to include to, from, date or subject.Try to use a range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.Make the language suitable for the reader(s).Che
44、ckingAfter writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. Dont rewrite the whole of your answer;Make sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your nor
45、mal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).Check that you have written your answer in 40-50 words.You are a manager in a large retail company. The directors have recently decided to introduce a staff suggestion scheme. You have been asked to organise the introduction of the scheme.Write a not
46、e to your assistant:saying when the scheme will beginexplaining the purpose of the schemeasking him to inform staff about the scheme.Write 40 - 50 words.NOTEPADTo: ShaunFrom: Carol（分数：5.00）_2.PART TWOHow to approach Writing Test Part TwoPart Two counts for two thirds of the total marks in the Writin
47、g Test.You should spend about 30 minutes on Part Two.You will be asked to write a report, proposal or piece of business correspondence.You will be given information, such as a letter, advertisement, or charts and graphs, as the starting point for your answer, and will be told who to write to.About f
48、ive handwritten notes will also be given. You must use all these notes when writing your answer, and will need to invent information in connection with some of them. If you leave out any of the five notes, you will lose marks.PlanningRead the instructions carefully so that you know what do, and underline the key words.Make an outline plan, putting the
