1、职称英语理工类 C 类-阅读理解及答案解析(总分：93.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：31，分数：93.00)1.Universally, men tend to score higher on certain specialized skills, such as spatial awareness. In the real world, that means they might be better at reading maps or navigating. Women score higher in terms of language development and
2、 emotional intelligence. But most experts agree there is no real, important overall difference when it comes to gender and intelligence.What do most expels think of the relationship between gender and intelligence? A. There is a close relationship between gender and intelligence. B. There is no impo
3、rtant link between gender and intelligence. C. Gender and intelligence do not relate to each other at all. D. Males are usually more intelligent than females.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.2.Honesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often deserts us when nobody is watching, Br
4、itish psychologists reported last week.Researchers at UKs Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology departments coffee room.They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the price for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of tea or co
5、ffee were supposed to put a few cents into a box nearby.The scientists hung a poster above the money box and alternated each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers.The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung.“Frankly
6、we were shocked by the size of the effect,“ said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual signal for humans, scientists say.“Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,“ said the leader of the study.Researchers
7、believe the effect throws light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral traits that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to cooperate, rather than act selfishly.“Theres an argument that if
8、nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we are being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,“ one scientist said.The new finding indicates that people have striking response to eyes. That might be becau
9、se eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to.The finding can be put to practical use. For example, images of eyes could boost ticket sales on public transport and improve surveillance systems to prevent antisocial behavior.The main idea of the passage is that A. hu
10、mans have a stronger response to eyes than to flowers. B. photos of human eyes have a positive effect on peoples behavior. C. the scientists new finding may have many practical uses. D. people may behave dishonestly when theres no one aroun（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.3.Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and w
11、elcome. Im sure we have all heard of the expression “Think green“. Tonight we are going to talk about“ Act green“ in our everyday life. The best place to start, of course, is in nut home. Every day people all over the world are hurting the environment without even knowing it. For example, busy famil
12、ies buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap at the supermarket. This helps them save time oil housework. But after these things have been used, what happens to them? They go into the garbage can. In many places, especially in North America big cities are running out of places to throw their garbage.
13、 What can we do about it? How can we cut down on garbage? Now we can use plastic: napkins and plastic towels instead of paper towels. When we go grocery shopping we can choose products that are not over-packaged. For example, last week I bought a package of cookies in a hag. There was a plastic tree
14、 inside the bag, and then each cookie was in its own package on the tree in the bag. Thats over-packaging. We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry the things home in.What does the speakers attitude towards over-packaging according to the speech? A. It helps us save time. B. It
15、 adds to the problem of too much garbage. C. It is a kind of waste of resources. D. It is a good way to make things look nic（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.4.Thomas Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect
16、 for him. One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power would be shut off in homes, streets, and factories. Perhaps this suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions meant to them. Electric power was too important to th
17、e country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion. A blackout was out of the question. On the day of Edisons funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights. In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricit
18、y at his countrymens fingertips.In order to honor Edison, many Americans dimmed their lights A. all the year of 1931. B. on the day of Edisons funeral. C. a few days around Edisons funeral. D. for one or two minutes.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.5.Nowadays nearly everyone has suffered from a bad attack of forget
19、fulness when a password is needed.The company computer. The home computer. Banking and ATM machines. Websites. Car and home security systems. The list goes on. It does not take long to accumulate a dozen or more passwords.Scribbling them down on slips of paper or simply using the same password for a
20、nything and everything is how most people cope with the overload. The negative aspect of this is that either way makes it easier for hackers to invade computer privacy.Researchers are now trying to do something about this by moving forward what may be an answer to the password puzzle-pictures.What d
21、oes the writer mainly talks about in the first three paragraphs? A. Why people are so forgetful in the computer era. B. what happens when many passwords are needed. C. Why hackers can easily invade computer privacy. D. What people usually do to solve the password puzzl（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.6.There werent
22、 any surprises there. The surprise I had was standing on the surface after wed been there for a few minutes, having a chance to rest a little bit, and looking up at the earth for the first time-you have to look up because thats where it is. And the sky is totally black, and here you have a planet wh
23、ich is four times the size of the moon as we look at it from the earth, and you also have color. You have a blue ocean and the brown landmasses-the brown continents-and you can see ice on the ice caps on the North Pole, and so on.The speaker was mostly probably talking his experience A. on the high
24、mountain. B. under the ocean water. C. in an airplane. D. on the surface of the moon,（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.7.A mans skin is thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. The thickness prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do.Women have a thin layer of
25、fat just under the skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible fur coat to keep a women warmer in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer. The fat layer helps isolate them from heat.Men wrinkle less than women because A. mens skin is thicker and contains less f
26、at. B. mens skin is thicker but contains more fat. C. mens skin is softer than womens. D. mens skin is too thick to wrinkl（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.8.Bats, tortoises, snakes, frogs, even insects like butterflies, hibernate more or less completely. Some, like the squirrels, sleep during coldest weather but ar
27、e aroused by a warm spell. During hibernation, the temperature of an animals body drops drastically. Breathing and heart-beats almost cease.Another instinctive method of avoiding intense cold is to escape by means of migration. Wild swans, seagulls, swallows and cuckoos are a few of the very many ki
28、nds of birds which fly thousands of miles, twice a year, to avoid cold. Many animals, especially those of the Arctic reindeer of Europe, move southward towards the forests when winter approaches. They return to the northern area when the warmth of spring begins to be sensed.Arctic reindeers of Europ
29、e avoid the severe cold in winter by A. hibernation. B. migration. C. staying in a“ secret place“. D. growing thick fur.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.9.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally sh
30、ares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing “unnatural, such as is ofiten found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in
31、 June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.“Fulfilled“ in the last sentence of the paragraph is closest in meaning to A. satisfied. B. re
32、jected. C. neglected. D. praise（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.10.Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you cant devote an entire desk to the task. at least invest in a rolling file chart to store active paperwork and a two-d
33、rawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file chart where it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room.To do well with ones paperwork, one should at least invest in a rolling file chan A. to store active paperwork. B. to k
34、eep family records. C. to convenient movement of paperwork. D. to do it conveniently at any plac（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.11.Not only do these high tech systems make life more relaxing, but they also do so at no extra cost of time or energy. Every one of these features is designed to be the most convenient t
35、o any lifestyle. If a persons favorite TV show is on the same night as the party of the year, then the mart house has already prepared to record it. The wired home can also save people from taking that extra trip to the grocery store by taking inventory of what is needed and making up a shopping lis
36、t and ordering the food. A smart house can be controlled through a wall-mounted keyboard, a tele-command or even by voice. E-mail or voice mail can be checked from any TV or computer screen in the house because all screens are designed to be interchangeable and multipurpose.A smart house cannot be c
37、ontrolled A. through a computer keyboard. B. through a tele-command. C. by voice.C. through a big keyboard on the wall.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.12.US citizens and businesses have long complained that many of the governments rules are written in overly technical, complicated language.The Occupational Safety
38、and Health Administration (OSHA) has particularly been the subject of much criticism and debate.This agency makes and enforces rules to ensure employee health and safety on the job. The problem is, even after reading the roles several times, employees often dont know what is expected of them.OSHA ha
39、s been the subject of much criticism mainly because A. its rules are wrongly expressed. B. its rules focus on too many details. C. its rules use many technical words. D. its rules are beyond comprehension.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.13.In recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the importance of
40、 protecting the environment. The three Rs to keep in mind for a cleaner environment are “reduce, reuse, and recycle.“First, reduce how much you use. It means shopping with the environment in mind: Consider the environmental impact of each product before you buy it. Make a list of what you need befor
41、e you go shopping; this will reduce impulse buying. Buy in bulk-its cheaper and eliminates small containers and excess packaging. Besides, bulk merchandise may be shared with friends or neighbors. You should also avoid buying things that cant by recycled.What will the speaker talk about in the follo
42、wing part of his/her speech? A. How to achieve the other two Rs. B. How to share merchandise with friends or neighbors. C. How to select the goods one needs. D. How to reduce garbage littering at hom（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.14.He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is s
43、ummer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.Spring appears to be the best period of“ the year for thinking. One
44、 reason may be that in the spring mans mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all of nature.Fall is the next best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking.Most peoples mental abilities seem to be
45、 highest A. in spring. B. in summer. C. in fall. D. in winter.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.15.Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the P
46、acific Ocean or. in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the q
47、uake.Many damaging earthquakes occur A. under the Pacific Ocean. B. near Alps in Europe. C. in a strip around the Pacific. D. ill Burm（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.16.How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find th
48、is interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most cases, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What account for this difference?What may happen in most eases
49、when a grow-up tries to learn a foreign language? A. He succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. B. He develops full knowledge of the language. C. He develops an inexact command of the language. D. He confuses his mother tongue with the foreign languag（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.17.We happen to agree with a lot of people who think that sequestration (capturing carbon and burying it underground) is probably not really a good ide a. It prevents it from going in the air, but then if you are going to hide
