1、职称英语综合类 C 级模拟 82 及答案解析(总分：103.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：18.00)1.In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. _（分数：1.00）A.resultB.judgmentC.decisionD.event2.The legislative provision has a great impact on the operations of the department.（分数：1.00）A.lawB.passageC.revisionD.clause3
2、.Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a small number .（分数：1.00）A.scarcityB.minorityC.minimumD.shortage4.The nursery is bright and cheerful.（分数：1.00）A.pleasantB.cleanC.peacefulD.large5.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.（分数：2.50）A.
3、extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends6.Even with detailed knowledge about an area, geologists cannot easily locate stores of underground natural gas.（分数：1.00）A.varietiesB.mapsC.suppliesD.shops7.My principal concern is to get the job done fast.（分数：1.00）A.mainB.seriousC.deepD.particular8.I“ll draft a le
4、tter for you. _（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.formulateC.reviseD.contribute9.The little girl grasped her mother“s arm as she crossed the street.（分数：1.00）A.understoodB.had a hold overC.took hold ofD.left hold of10.The high speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.（分数：1.00）A.effortB.problemC.concernD.in
5、fluence11.The earth moves around the sun.（分数：2.50）A.beforeB.roundC.afterD.over12.Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.（分数：1.00）A.preventsB.receivesC.deservesD.accepts13.Alice trusts you, only you can persuade her to give up the foolish idea.（分数：1.00）A.suggestB.attractC.temptD.co
6、nvince14.Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people.（分数：1.00）A.evidenceB.dangerC.caseD.picture15.The dentist has decided to take out the girl“s bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.digB.drawC.pullD.extract二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Forbidden AppleNew York used to be the city that never sleeps
7、. These days, it“s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance. Drinking alcohol in public isn“t allowed
8、. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs (碎屑) of your sandwich, you could be arrested. It“s illegal if you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn“t it? Er. no. You can“t smoke in public in New York City. What“s going on? Why is the city that used to be so
9、open-minded becoming like this? The mayor of New York is behind it all. He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want. The press is shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recently spent $100,000 on a “Don“t blame the co
10、p“ campaign. One New York police officer said, “We raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. It“s all about money.“ The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israel tourist, fell asleep on the subway. When he woke up, two police offic
11、ers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two seats (you mustn“t use two seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway. The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York city law it is ac
12、ceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray.“ He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray (烟灰缸). But not all of the New York“s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugatty, 72, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these
13、laws, America would be a better place to live.“ Nixon Patricks, 38, a barman, said, “I like the new laws, if people smoked here, we“d go home smelling of cigarettes.“ Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than other U.S. cities. And it“s trueit“s safer, cleaner an
14、d more healthy than before. But let“s be honestwho goes to New York for its clean streets?（分数：7.00）(1).Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not ment
15、ioned(3).Eating apples in the park is illegal.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The businessmen like the new laws.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Elle and Serge Schoronitman parked their car on the public driveway.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The editor of Vanity Fair
16、magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).New York is cleaner and safer than before.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Estee Lauder Died1 The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetic
17、s (化妆品) empire and became one of the most influential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City a company spokeswoman said. She was 97. 2 Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father. 3 Lauder be
18、gan her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons (美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War . 4 In 1953, the company introdu
19、ced its first perfume (香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. They include: Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odourless (无嗅的) cosmetics, which followed in 1968. 5 By the time she retired in 1995. Lauder was
20、presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine“s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success:
21、her gift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best. 6 Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life. 7 She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, “Estee a Success St
22、ory“: “In a perfect world, we“d all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word.“（分数：8.00）(1).A. Early career B. Childhood C. Products D. Retirement E. Cosmetics empress F. Birth Paragrap
23、h 2 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. at the age of 97 B. as the most important thing in life C. by John Schotz D. in 1908 E. in cosmetics F. on the sweetness of our souls Lauder regarded beauty 1.（分数：1.00）(6).Lauder died 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Be
24、fore marriage, she sold products formulated 1.（分数：1.00）(8).After retirement, she continued to show interest 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The New Technology ApplicationOn a more mundane level, third-generation mobile telephones, despite all the delays and the billions s
25、quandered on 3G licenses by telecom firms are still expected to offer consumers high-speed, always on mobile internet access, complete with video, in the next few years. Rapidly proliferating “wi-fi“ networks already offer wireless access on a local basis. Tiny tracking chips called radio-frequency
26、identification devices are being used as pet passports. Soon they will be small, powerful and cheap enough to be implanted into everything. Sensors of every kind, including video cameras, should also become much smaller and cheaper. Forrester Research, a technology consultancy, predicts that 14 bill
27、ion such devices will be connected to the internet by 2005. How rapidly such a new technology is introduced will depend on a number of factors the state of the economy, the supply of investment capital and the appetite of consumers for new products or services. Fortunes will be made and lost many ti
28、mes over. But whatever happens, the power of computing .and communications look set to continue to grow, and its price to fall, at a steady rate for the next few decades. That will make it possible, at least in rich countries, to record most human interactions, wherever and whenever they take place,
29、 and to store and analyze this ocean of data at low cost. For the sake of argument, this survey will assume that we are heading towards a networked society of ubiquitous, mobile communication capable of constant monitoring. Whether this arrives in 20, 30 or 40 years does not really matter. The point
30、 is that the destination seems not merely possible, but probable, so it is not too soon to ask: What do we want this technology to do? The internet has already thrown up a host of legal and political conundrums, but, these are only a small foretaste of the dilemmas about privacy, security, intellect
31、ual property and the nature of government itself that will have to be faced over the coming decades. The debate has already begun. This survey will outline some of main issues and speculate on the way they are likely to go.（分数：15.00）(1).Radio-frequency identification devices _.（分数：3.00）A.are being u
32、sed to offer wireless accessB.are usually used to offer high-speed, mobile internet accessC.are already cheap enough to be used as passportsD.ale expected to be used as a means to control inventory(2).The first paragraph is mainly about _.（分数：3.00）A.the prospect of third-generation mobile telephones
33、B.the electronic devices which can be connected to the internetC.the bright future of new technology applicationD.the prediction given by Forrester Research, a technology consultancy(3).The author is most concerned with the possibility that after a few decades _.（分数：3.00）A.the supply of investment c
34、apital is likely to decrease considerablyB.consumers“ appetite for new products or services will lessen tremendouslyC.fortunes will be made and lost many times overD.most human interactions can be easily monitored(4).According to this passage, may not be what people are trying to pull off.（分数：3.00）A
35、.a networked society capable of constant monitoringB.the widespread application of internet and related technologiesC.the invention of more devices which can be connected to the internetD.mobile communications capable of internet access(5).The dilemmas created by the use of internet may be about all
36、 of the following aspects, except _.（分数：3.00）A.copyrightsB.inventory controlC.constant monitoringD.intellectual property六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)World Crude Oil Production may Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that wo
37、rld conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions. Their study is in ACS“ Energy Fuels. Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting “pea
38、k oil“. “Peak oil“ is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model. It assumes that global oil production
39、 will follow a bell shaped curve, a related concept is that of “Peak Oil“. The term “Peak Oil“ indicates the moment in which world wide production will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline. The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 197
40、0. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide. However, recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for more complex oil production cycles of some countries. Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes, politics,
41、 and other factors, the scientists say. The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast. Using the new model, the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries, which su
42、pply most of the world“s conventional crude oil. They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world“s oil reserves are being reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inf
43、orm energy, which related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “sparked“ appearing in Paragraph 2?（分数：3.00）A.flashedB.stimulatedC.changedD.ended(2).The term “a bell shaped curve“ appearing in Paragraph 2 indicates tha
44、t global oil production will _.（分数：3.00）A.take the shape of flat curveB.keep growingC.keep decliningD.start to decline after global oil production peaks(3).Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?（分数：3.00）A.It successfully predicted that oil production peaked in the U.S. A in 1970.B.
45、It has been used to predict oil production in many countries.C.It is insufficient to explain oil production cycles in some countries.D.It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.(4).What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.It predicts gl
46、obal oil production will peak in 2014.B.It predicts oil production will decline in 47 countries.C.It confirms further the effectiveness of the Hubbert model.D.It discovers a new trend of worldwide oil production.(5).Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model?（分数：3.00）A.American scientists.B.Ku
47、waiti scientists.C.British scientists.D.Scientists of 47 major oil-producing countries.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Telling Tales about PeopleOne of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about people“s lives. These stories fall into three general categories:
48、 autobiography, memoir, and biography. An autobiography is the story of a person“s life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the person“s earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, th
49、ey offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. Other writers, such as James Joyce, have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies, hut they are very close to it. Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail an
