1、专业八级-361 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The American Way: FreedomThe heart of the American calendar is July 4. Americans have celebrated this date as “Independence Day“ since 1776. In a (1) atmosphere of this holiday, patriotic speeches remin
2、d Americans of their (2) . July 4 represents the heartbeat of America:freedom.When Americans think of freedom they often think of (3) . American - style democracy tries to protect individual rights. People in other cultures may not understand this (4) .Privacy is one good example of individual right
3、s. Personal freedom in America often means the right to ones own (5) . American dont want to invade someones privacy, even if they know the person quite well. They prefer to keep many “family matters“ private. (6) , individuals may not share in conversation such information as salary, age, (7) statu
4、s or religion.In American culture, freedom also implies equality. For Americans, equality refers to equal worth and equal (8) . In America, people can still hear rags - to - fiches stories often enough to (9) it in the minds of many. Freedom arouses strong feelings for Americans. However, problems s
5、till exist. One individuals freedom can (10) with the rights of others. The path to freedom is not completely smooth but for Americans it is worth travelling.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1)._ in British and American Englis
6、h have diverged very much according to the speakers.（分数：1.00）A.Regular noun plural formsB.Irregular noun plural formsC.Verb tensesD.None of the above items(2).The past tense of the verb “eat“ _.（分数：1.00）A.is spelled differently in British and American EnglishB.is pronounced differently in British an
7、d American EnglishC.is pronounced to rhyme with “get“ in American EnglishD.is pronounced to rhyme with “late“ in British English(3).In _, we usually dont hear the sounding of r after vowels like “bird“.（分数：1.00）A.ScotlandB.IrelandC.the whole of the western counties of EnglandD.areas around New York
8、City(4).As for the pronunciation of “a“ in a word like “dance“, _（分数：1.00）A.all Americans pronounce it as aeB.all British people pronounce it as a:C.educated speakers in Britain pronounce it as a:D.people in American West pronounce it as a:(5).Both of the two speakers agree that _.（分数：1.00）A.in Brit
9、ain and America people speak utterly different languagesB.there are few things identical in British and American EnglishC.British and American English are imcomprehensible to each otherD.British and American English are understandable between the two people四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7
10、 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The two Koreans signed a deal to allow _.（分数：1.00）A.reunion of the two nationsB.reunion of the governmentsC.reunion of families separatedD.return o
11、f former South Korean prisoners(2).The reports said that _.（分数：1.00）A.a delegation was to travel to SeoulB.100 North Koreans would visit relatives in PyongyongC.the two sides agree to repatriate part of DPRK prisoners formerly held in the SouthD.the two sides agree to send home all DPRK prisoners fo
12、rmerly held in the SouthQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：3.00）(1).Government officials ordered a plant in Japan to halt production because _.（分数：1.00）A.its product left peo
13、ple with food poisoningB.the plant is going bankruptC.its milk products dont sell wellD.it has too limited a production which only serves 8,000 people(2)._ is not one of the symptoms after drinking low - fat milk produced by Snow Brand Milk Products Co. Ltd.（分数：1.00）A.HeadacheB.Stomach painsC.Bowel
14、disturbanceD.Vomiting(3).In the summer of 1996, 0 - 157 bacteria left _ with food - poisoning.（分数：1.00）A.more than 8,000 peopleB.exactly 8,282 peopleC.more than 9,500 peopleD.all together about 18,000 people五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Im Margery Hooper, your course coor
15、dinator, Id like to welcome you all to Grange Manor Summer Music School. I hope you 11 enjoy your life here. If you have anything unclear, dont hesitate to ask. As you know, we are running three - weekly courses currently this year: History of Music, Principle Tutor professor Hepworth; Choral Singin
16、g, conducted by Archibald Blake from the Royal Institute of Music; and, last but not least, a new departure for us, classical Guitar for Beginners, Tutor Clive Mortimer.Now you all know-at least I hope you do what course you are registered for. As soon as youve had tea, wed like you to report to our
17、 secretary, Miss Mathews-youll find her in the office on the first floor. Shell give you your course number and timetable and explain where the various classrooms are, what books youll need, and whether they are available in the library. Besides, shell give you detailed information about how you are
18、 scored. If books are not available in the library, you can try in the bookstore. Our bookstore is next to the reception in the main hall. Its open from 9 to 10 a.m. daily.Now about meals-breakfast 8:30 to 9 a. m., full evening meal 6:30 to 8:30 p. m. in the dining room. Im afraid you have to make y
19、our own arrangements about lunch, but the cafeteria in the canteen is open from 10 to 4 for sandwiches and coffee. Classes finish at 5.If you look at the notice board in the main hall, youll see that we have arranged a variety of evening entertainments for you, and Saturday excursions. Anyone who wa
20、nts to go on an excursion should inform the secretary as soon as possible as the coach company need to know numbers.I hope youll all have a very enjoyable time, and make a lot of new friends.（分数：5.00）(1).Margery Hooper is _.（分数：1.00）A.at a music conferenceB.on a holiday courseC.at a holiday resortD.
21、on a training course(2)._ is NOT run in the Summer Music School.（分数：1.00）A.Music HistoryB.ChorusC.Elementary Guitar courseD.Classic Music(3).The guitar course _.（分数：1.00）A.will not be held at Grange ManorB.will involve some travellingC.is an innovation at Grange ManorD.will last less than three week
22、s(4).Students requiring course materials should _.（分数：1.00）A.buy them from the secretaryB.buy them in the main hallC.register with the secretaryD.go to the bookstore after 10a. m.(5).Students wishing to go on excursions are requested to _.（分数：1.00）A.book in good timeB.produce their course numberC.bo
23、ok the coach directD.note the coach number七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Family MattersThis month Singapore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support ones parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Singapore Government.That does not mea
24、n it hasnt generated discussion. Several members of the Parliament opposed the measure as un -Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will subvert relations within the family; cynics dubbed it the “Sue Your Son“
25、law.Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All the law can do is to p
26、rovide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorabl
27、e. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By the turn of the century, that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age per se. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.But no
28、amount of government exhortation or paternalism will completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.Traditionally, a persons insurance against poverty in his old age was his family. This is not a
29、 revolutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian. Care and support for ones parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after ones parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A h
30、usband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents.In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 95% of those who did not have their own
31、income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what of the 5% who arent getting relatives support? They have several options: (a) get a job and work until they die; (b) apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply); or (c) starve quietly. None of these options is soci
32、ally acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages?The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will
33、allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust.Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits mixes the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take
34、 his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bills effect would be far more subtle.First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individuals - not societys - responsibility to look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea.
35、 It reinforces the traditional values and it doesnt hurt a society now and then to remind itself of its core values.Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or the Ministry of Co
36、mmunity Development to help get financial support from his children, the most they could do was to mediate. But mediators have no teeth, and a child could simply ignore their pleas.But to be sued by ones parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace. Few people would be so t
37、hick - skinned as to say, “Sue and be damned. The hand of the conciliator would be immeasurably strengthened. It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the recalcitrant son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial.It would be nice to think that S
38、ingapore doesnt need this kind of law. But that belief ignores the clear demographic trends and the effect of affluence itself on traditional bonds. Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.（分数：5.
39、00）(1).By quoting the growing percentage points of the aged in the population, the author seems to imply that _.（分数：1.00）A.the country will face mounting problems of the old in future.B.the social welfare system would be under great pressure.C.young people should be given more moral education.D.the
40、old should be provided with means of livelihoo(2).Which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Filial responsibility in Singapore is enforced by law.B.Fathers have legal obligations to look after their children.C.It is an acceptable practice for the old to continue working.D.The Advisory
41、Council was dissatisfied with the problems of the ol(3).The author seems to suggest that traditional values _.（分数：1.00）A.play an insignificant role in solving social problems.B.are helpful to the elderly when they sue their children.C.are very important in preserving Asian uniqueness.D.are significa
42、nt in helping the Bill get approve(4).The author thinks that if the Bill becomes law, its effect would be _.（分数：1.00）A.indirect.B.unnoticeable.C.apparent.D.straightforwar(5).At the end of the passage, the author seems to imply that success of the Bill depends upon _.（分数：1.00）A.strict enforcement.B.p
43、ublic support.C.government assurance.D.filial awareness.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Although the distribution of recorded music went digital with the introduction of the compact disc in the early 1980s, technology has had a large impact on the way music is made and recorded as well. At the most basic lev
44、el, the invention of MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), a language enabling computers and sound synthesizers to talk to each other, has given individual musicians powerful tools with which to make music.“The MIDI interface enabled basement musicians to gain power which had been available o
45、nly in expensive recording studios, “ One expert observed. “It enables synthesis of sounds that have never existed before, and storage and subsequent simultaneous replay and mixing of multiple sound tracks. Using a moderately powerful desktop computer running a music composition program and a 500 sy
46、nthesizer, any musically literate person can write - and play! - a string quartet in an afternoon. “Whereas many musicians use computers as a tool in composing or producing music, Tod Machover uses computers to design the instruments and environments that produce his music. As a professor of music a
47、nd media at the MIT Media Lab, Machover has pioneered hyper - instruments: hybrids of computers and musical instruments that allow users to create sounds simply by raising their hands, pointing with a “virtual baton, “ or moving their entire body in a “sensor chair. “Similar work on a “virtual orche
48、stra“ is being done by Geoffrey Wright, head of the computer music program at John Hopkins Universitys Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore, Maryland. Wright uses conductors batons that emit infrared light beams to generate data about the speed and direction of the batons, data that can then be translated by computers into instructions for a synthesizer to produce music.In Machovers best- known musical work, Brain Opera (1996), 125 people interact with each other and a group of hyper - instruments to produce sounds that can be blended into a musical performance
