1、专业英语八级（听力）-试卷98及答案解析 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on
2、 ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._Audience of Writing Audience is a very im
3、portant concept for writing. You need to analyze your audience in terms of the following aspects:I. Your 【T1】 1to your audience 【T1】 2Through writing, you are making social 【T2】 3with 【T2】 4other members of the society.II. Their【T3】 5of your subject【T3】 6This analysis is particularly valuable in 【T4
4、】 7writing. 【T4】 8III. Their 【T5】 9to the subject and your position in the writing 【T5】 10This analysis is extremely important in 【T6】 11writing. 【T6】 121. To those who agree【T7】 13the importance of your position 【T7】 142. To those who are 【T8】 15【T8】 16address their 【T9】 17as directly and fully as
5、possible 【T9】 183. To those who disagreetry to 【T10】 19why they disagree 【T10】 20There may be two main reasons for their disagreement:1. 【T11】 21of information or viewing the information differently 【T11】 222. personal, political or 【T12】 23reasons 【T12】 24Ways to 【T13】 25their disagreement: 【T13】 2
6、61. For the formergive them relevant information as 【T14】 27as possible 【T14】 282. For the lattershow your【T15】 29of them and address them accordingly 【T15】 30（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00
7、）填空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The inte
8、rview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D
9、, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions._A.She is a linguist.B.She works as a teacher.C.Shes an expert on language education.D.Shes an expert on spreading languages.A.The critical period for second-language learning doesnt exis
10、t.B.The critical period affects ones ability to learn a second language.C.The critical period affects second language learners learning way.D.The critical period puts a constraint on language learning capacity.A.Their learning strategies.B.How much they already know.C.Their feeling about making erro
11、rs.D.Many variables that vary with age.A.Because they master more than one language.B.Because they utilize languages with literacy skills.C.Because they do well in algebra and history.D.Because they practice languages on a regular basis.A.Because they are learning in the context of more contextual i
12、nteractions.B.Because they are more likely to experiment with unfamiliar sounds.C.Because they are more willing to learn socially useful language.D.Because they are acquiring social language skills more naturally.A.Their learning styles are similar.B.They utilize similar cognitive processes.C.They s
13、hare similar ability declines.D.Their study strategies are similar.A.They possess a high motivation.B.They are better language learners.C.They already know more than one language.D.They apply more effective cognitive processes.A.Less recourse to the target language.B.Less immersion in the first lang
14、uage.C.Higher second-language proficiency.D.Motivation to forget the first language.A.Learners literacy skills.B.First language capacities.C.First language maintenance.D.Second language study strategies.A.Because they are less likely to suffer memory loss.B.Because they tend to be more diligent lang
15、uage learners.C.Because they are more likely to achieve native-like proficiency.D.Because they almost never become monolingual in the learning process.专业英语八级（听力）-试卷98答案解析 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION_解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this sec
16、tion you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically a
17、cceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._解析：Audience of Writing Audience is a very important concept for writing. You need to analyze your audience in terms of the following aspects:I. Your 【T1】 1to your audience 【T1】 2Through wr
18、iting, you are making social 【T2】 3with 【T2】 4other members of the society.II. Their【T3】 5of your subject【T3】 6This analysis is particularly valuable in 【T4】 7writing. 【T4】 8III. Their 【T5】 9to the subject and your position in the writing 【T5】 10This analysis is extremely important in 【T6】 11writing
19、. 【T6】 121. To those who agree【T7】 13the importance of your position 【T7】 142. To those who are 【T8】 15【T8】 16address their 【T9】 17as directly and fully as possible 【T9】 183. To those who disagreetry to 【T10】 19why they disagree 【T10】 20There may be two main reasons for their disagreement:1. 【T11】 2
20、1of information or viewing the information differently 【T11】 222. personal, political or 【T12】 23reasons 【T12】 24Ways to 【T13】 25their disagreement: 【T13】 261. For the formergive them relevant information as 【T14】 27as possible 【T14】 282. For the lattershow your【T15】 29of them and address them accor
21、dingly 【T15】 30（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：social relations）解析：解析：此空考查分析读者的第一个方面的内容。原文提到对读者进行分析的第一个方面的内容是与读者的社会关系(Your social relations to your audience)。空格处应填入social relations。(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：interaction）解析：解析：此空考查第一个方面下的一些内容。在谈到分析与读者的社会关系时，原文提到，无论何时写作，你都是在与其他社会成员交
22、流(you are interacting with)。题目需要的是名词，故填入名词形式interaction。(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：knowledge）解析：解析：原文提到第二方面的内容为分析读者对话题已有的知识程度。空格处填knowledge。(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：informative and explanatory）解析：解析：此空属于第二方面的内容。对读者已有知识层面的分析在信息或解析说明类写作时尤为重要。填informative and explanatory。(5).【T5】（分数：2.0
23、0）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：attitudes/viewpoints）解析：解析：第三方面的内容是读者对话题的态度和观点以及作者在写作中的立场的分析。空格处缺少的是attitudes或viewpoints。(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：persuasive/argumentative）解析：解析：原文说到，在说服性或辩论性文章中，读者态度的分析尤为重要。填persuasive或argumentative。(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：restate）解析：解析：原文将读者分成了三类：同意你观点的、对你的观点保
24、持中立或不做表态的、持反对意见的。对于同意自己观点的读者，原文提到只要重申观点即可。填原文出现的词restate。(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：neutral or undecided）解析：解析：此处考查文中提到的第二类读者。原文提到的第二类读者是对你的观点保持中立或不做表态的读者，填入neutral or undecided。(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：doubts and concerns）解析：解析：此空为对中立或不做表态的人的应对措施，原文提到需要先了解原因，再address their doubts an
25、d concerns。即填doubts and concerns。(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：find out）解析：解析：此空为对持反对意见的人的应对措施。原文提到，一旦你确定了他们反对的原因，就能决定应对此种读者的最佳方法。填入find out。(11).【T11】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：lack）解析：解析：此空考查读者持反对意见的第一个原因。原文提到的第一个原因是，这类读者缺乏“事实”信息或是从不同角度看待同一“事实”信息。此处填入lack，表示缺乏事实信息、不了解情况。(12).【T12】（分数：2.00）填空项
26、1:_（正确答案：正确答案：religious）解析：解析：此处考查读者持反对意见的另一个原因。在谈到反对者反对的原因时，演讲人提到了两方面，一是缺少信息，二是受众自身的政治或宗教信仰原因。此题填religious。(13).【T13】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：address）解析：解析：针对读者的不同意见的产生原因，原文提到了两种不同的应对方式，此空可填入address或其他与address意思相近的词。(14).【T14】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：accurately）解析：解析：此空针对第一个应对方式，原文提到应尽可能准确提供最新的信息
27、。填accurately。(15).【T15】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：正确答案：recognizing and understanding）解析：解析：此空针对另一个应对方式，但需注意这里应用名词形式。故填动名词形式的recognizing and understanding。3.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions
28、will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRT
29、Y seconds to preview the questions._解析：A.She is a linguist.B.She works as a teacher.C.Shes an expert on language education.D.Shes an expert on spreading languages.解析：解析：访谈开始部分，主持人介绍受访人时，提到了Professor Snow的身份，即an expert on language education“语言教育专家”，只要仔细听录音，此题不难回答，选C，同时排除A“她是语言学家”、B“她是教师”和D“她是推广语言的专家”
30、。A.The critical period for second-language learning doesnt exist.B.The critical period affects ones ability to learn a second language.C.The critical period affects second language learners learning way.D.The critical period puts a constraint on language learning capacity.解析：解析：主持人介绍完Professor Snow后
31、，问其是否相信有第二语言学习关键期(critical period)，Professor Snow回答说，证据清晰表明并没有所谓第二语言学习关键期，选A。B“关键期影响人们学习第二语言的能力”、C“关键期影响第二语言学习者的学习方式”和D“关键期会对语言学习能力造成限制”均是根据Professor Snow后面谈到的信息制造的干扰项，应注意排除。A.Their learning strategies.B.How much they already know.C.Their feeling about making errors.D.Many variables that vary with a
32、ge.解析：解析：在谈到年纪稍长的第二语言学习者的优缺点(advantages和disadvantages)时，Professor Snow说这些都是由随着年龄变化而变化的因素引起的(many variables that vary with age)，选D。A“他们的学习策略”、B“他们已经掌握了多少”和C“他们关于犯错的感受”均是变化因素之一，不具概括性，应排除。A.Because they master more than one language.B.Because they utilize languages with literacy skills.C.Because they d
33、o well in algebra and history.D.Because they practice languages on a regular basis.解析：解析：在谈到older learners具备的优势时，Professor Snow提到两点内容：首先，他们已经掌握了一种(或以上)的语言，排除A；其次，他们在有目的的学习中会表现得更出色。换句话说，他们有学习策略、读写能力和其他资源来加以运用。B是原因之一。A.Because they are learning in the context of more contextual interactions.B.Because
34、they are more likely to experiment with unfamiliar sounds.C.Because they are more willing to learn socially useful language.D.Because they are acquiring social language skills more naturally.解析：解析：本题考查年轻语言学习者为何在某些社交场合表现更好。Professor Snow提到因为他们更愿意学习社交类有用的语言，选C。A是年轻语言学习者能更好掌握所听到词意思的原因；B虽也是Professor Sno
35、w提到的内容，但与此问题无关；D与Professor Snow所述不符，且Professor Snow认为“naturally acquired”很难理解，即不赞成某些第二语言技能年轻学习者可以更为自然地习得，D不对。A.Their learning styles are similar.B.They utilize similar cognitive processes.C.They share similar ability declines.D.Their study strategies are similar.解析：解析：访谈中提到，研究通过比较相似背景下学习的年长和年轻语言学习者，
36、发现他们会犯非常相似的错误(make very similar errors)，这表明他们在处理学习困难时使用类似的认知过程(applying quite similar cognitive processes)，B与此相符。A“他们的学习方式相似”和D“他们的学习策略相似”访谈中未提及；访谈中提到有证据显示，没有哪个特定年龄阶段学习第二语言的能力会下降，排除C。A.They possess a high motivation.B.They are better language learners.C.They already know more than one language.D.The
37、y apply more effective cognitive processes.解析：解析：访谈中主持人问有没有关于在第二语言学习中展现出极强能力的成年人成绩的解答。Professor Snow提到，研究表明这些高度成功的第二语言学习者对于所学语言有强烈的学习动机(have a high motivation)，A与此相符，其中的possess是对have的同义改写。B“他们是更好的语言学习者”和C“他们已经掌握不止一种语言”明显与录音所述不符；D说他们使用了更为有效的认知过程，这与访谈提到的年轻学习者使用的认知过程与年长的学习者类似相悖，排除。A.Less recourse to th
38、e target language.B.Less immersion in the first language.C.Higher second-language proficiency.D.Motivation to forget the first language.解析：解析：在提到成功的例子时，Professor Snow说研究表明这些成功的学习者在对目标语的学习全情投入的同时，尽可能少地联系第一语言。据此可知B“更少地沉浸于第一语言”的表述是正确的。A.Learners literacy skills.B.First language capacities.C.First langu
39、age maintenance.D.Second language study strategies.解析：解析：访谈中，主持人问Professor Snow第二语言学习中常被研究者忽视的影响是什么，Professor Snow回答说是对第一语言的维护(first language maintenance)，选C。A“学习者的读写技能”、B“第一语言的能力”和D“第二语言学习策略”均与Professor Snow的回答不符，均排除。A.Because they are less likely to suffer memory loss.B.Because they tend to be more diligent language learners.C.Because they are more likely to achieve native-like proficiency.D.Because they almost never become monolingual in the learning process.解析：解析：访谈中，Professor Snow说成年第二语言学习者在第二语言学习巾几乎从不会变成只使用一种语言(almost never become monolingual)，D为答案。A和B访谈中未提及；C张冠李戴，年轻学习者更能习得与本族语者相似的语言水平。
