1、专业英语八级(听力)-试卷121及答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-fi
2、lling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.(分数:30.00)_How to Be an Exper
3、t I. Background information about the speakerA. Being an expert in anthropology himselfB. Starting considering the question when attending a(n)【T1】 1【T1】 2thinking about how to become the person to be neededand how to become experts in ones fieldII. Whats an expert: five【T2】 3 of being real experts【
4、T2】 4A. Immense working knowledge of a specific field【T3】 5【T3】 6 knowing where to【T4】 7 not memorized【T4】 8B. Significant experience working with that knowledge applying it in【T5】 9【T5】 10 solving problems with【T6】 11 solutions to refer【T6】 12 identifying problems not noticedC.【T7】 13【T7】 14 making
5、 one【T8】 15 to the problem without such ability【T8】 16 having no time to develop your expertise without such abilityD. 【T9】 17【T9】 18 embedded in a web of other experts embedded in a wider social webE. Curiosity curious about their fields able to recognize their【T10】 19, etc.【T10】 20III. How to beco
6、me an expertA. Through schooling,【T11】 21, etc.【T11】 22B. No quick and easy wayC. Things for you to focus on perpetual learninga)being aware of ones【T12】 23 of current knowledge【T12】 24b)lifelong learning process【T13】 25【T13】 26a)strong connections with people in the same fieldb)earning to promote o
7、neself practice:【T14】 27 ones expertise through daily practice【T14】 28 presentation skillsa)web design and power pointb)writing, drawing, public speaking, the way you dress【T15】 29 widely, so that【T15】 30a)people understand why they need an expertb)you wont be the only person to solve a problem(分数:3
8、0.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数
9、:2.00)填空项1:_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_Controlling Your Concentration I. The concerned information of concentrationA. Your attention span【T1】 1【T1】 2e.g. the ticking of a watch soundsas if it increases and fadesalthough the intensity of it is constantB. You pay attention to on
10、e thing at a time a(n)【T2】 3: you attend to several concepts at a tune【T2】 4 In high concentration: the shift from focus of attention isa)of short【T3】 5【T3】 6b)【T4】 7【T4】 8C.【T5】 9 of your attention vary to different degrees【T5】 10 high level: long periods of attending: short distraction periods low
11、 level: short periods of attending: long distraction periods moderate level:【T6】 11【T6】 12e.g. One cant concentrate because【T7】 13 are too strong【T7】 14II. Two sorts of distractorsA. Psychological distractors【T8】 15 are the most powerful distractors【T8】 16a)angry man forgets the painb)fearful man is
12、 hard to be happyc)anxious man is uneasy about the smallest of matters people act【T9】 17 under pressure【T9】 18B.【T10】 19【T10】 20 traits: always present and rarely understood physical distractors on mental tasksa)background music could affectcomprehension and【T11】 21【T11】 22b)distractors affect the a
13、bility to recall accuratelyc)【T12】 23 affects mental task adversely【T12】 24III. Routine and【T13】 25 are affected differently by distractors【T13】 26A. Distraction may not affect【T14】 27in some backgrounds【T14】 28B. Exceptional people do well under【T15】 29 because【T15】 30 motivation plays importantly
14、differences exist in individual spans of attention(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T1
15、1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_专业英语八级(听力)-试卷121答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_解析:2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a
16、mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may us
17、e the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.(分数:30.00)_解析:How to Be an Expert I. Background information about the speakerA. Being an expert in anthropology himselfB. Starting considering the question when attending a(n)【T1】 1【T1】 2thinking about how to b
18、ecome the person to be neededand how to become experts in ones fieldII. Whats an expert: five【T2】 3 of being real experts【T2】 4A. Immense working knowledge of a specific field【T3】 5【T3】 6 knowing where to【T4】 7 not memorized【T4】 8B. Significant experience working with that knowledge applying it in【T
19、5】 9【T5】 10 solving problems with【T6】 11 solutions to refer【T6】 12 identifying problems not noticedC.【T7】 13【T7】 14 making one【T8】 15 to the problem without such ability【T8】 16 having no time to develop your expertise without such abilityD. 【T9】 17【T9】 18 embedded in a web of other experts embedded
20、in a wider social webE. Curiosity curious about their fields able to recognize their【T10】 19, etc.【T10】 20III. How to become an expertA. Through schooling,【T11】 21, etc.【T11】 22B. No quick and easy wayC. Things for you to focus on perpetual learninga)being aware of ones【T12】 23 of current knowledge【
21、T12】 24b)lifelong learning process【T13】 25【T13】 26a)strong connections with people in the same fieldb)earning to promote oneself practice:【T14】 27 ones expertise through daily practice【T14】 28 presentation skillsa)web design and power pointb)writing, drawing, public speaking, the way you dress【T15】
22、29 widely, so that【T15】 30a)people understand why they need an expertb)you wont be the only person to solve a problem(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:academic conference)解析:解析:讲座的主题是what makes someone an expert in hisher field,接着演讲者提到了他在一次受邀参加有关人类学的学术会议演讲时开始思考这个问题,因此答案为academic conference
23、。文章一开始介绍讲座的主题和演讲者对主题的看法或相关叙述,是常考之处。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:characteristicsfeatures)解析:解析:此题开始谈论作为真正领域专家的5个特征,故答案为characteristics或features。要点提示lets startwith后是常考内容笔记不可忽略。(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:memorized information)解析:解析:此题涉及第一个特征的具体信息,包括两种类型:memorized information和knowing where t
24、o findinformation。因此答案为memorized information。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:find information)解析:解析:此题涉及第二个特征,根据空格前的不定式标志to,判断填入动词原形,填原词find information。(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:creative ways)解析:解析:讲座提到,他她能够用一种创新的方式运用。因此填入creative ways。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:no pre-existingno r
25、eady-made)解析:解析:此题涉及第二个特征experience。讲座提到,他她应能解决无前例可参考的问题。因此,空白处应为no pre-existing或同义词no ready-made。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Communication abilityAbility to communicate)解析:解析:此题涉及第三个特征。在之前的录音中已出现过该信息knowledge,experience,communicationability,connectedness and curiosity,而且根据具体的深入解释,Expertise wi
26、thout the ability tocommunicate it is practically pointless,可知答案应为Communication ability或Ability to communicate。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:a slave)解析:解析:讲座提到,作为世界上唯一一个能解决问题的人,随着时间推移,这不会让你成为专家,反而会让你成为问题的奴隶。空格处缺少的是a slave。(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:ConnectednessBeing socialized)解析:解析:此题在之
27、前的录音中也出现过。此外,讲座还提到Expertise is,ultimately,social,因此答案为Connectedness或Being socialized。分论点或分标题是常考之处,笔记需注意。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:understanding limitations)解析:解析:讲座提到,专家对自己的领域很好奇,而且知道自己的极限。由于空格最多填入三个词,故将录音提到的内容概括为understanding limitations。(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:self-educationo
28、n-the-job training)解析:解析:此题开始谈论文章的第二个主题,如何成为专家。列举了几种方式pursue expertise,whetherthrough schooling,self-education,on-the-job training,or some other avenue,结合题目出现的etc,只需填入其中一个内容即可。可知答案为self-education或on-the-job training。列举是常考之处,尤其是多个方式,笔记应特别留意。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:limitationlackshortage)解
29、析:解析:考查perpetual learning的内容。讲座提到“作为专家,就意味着要保持清醒,有时会是痛苦的清醒,因为你必须知晓你目前知识水平所存在的缺陷(limitation)。”故答案为limitation,或根据句意填入同义词lack,shortage。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:networking)解析:解析:根据题目设置,填入的内容与perpetual learning并列。讲座提到,将自己推销给需要你的技能的人,我们称之为networking。填入networking一词即可。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确
30、答案:正确答案:reflectingshowingpresenting)解析:解析:考查practice的内容。根据“你的每日练习需反映(reflect)出你的专业技能,否则人们不会相信你是位专家”,故答案为reflecting或showing,presenting。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:sharing your knowledge)解析:解析:由原文Share your knowledge widely可知本题答案。关于分论点或分标题的内容是常考之处,笔记需注意。Controlling Your Concentration I. The co
31、ncerned information of concentrationA. Your attention span【T1】 1【T1】 2e.g. the ticking of a watch soundsas if it increases and fadesalthough the intensity of it is constantB. You pay attention to one thing at a time a(n)【T2】 3: you attend to several concepts at a tune【T2】 4 In high concentration: th
32、e shift from focus of attention isa)of short【T3】 5【T3】 6b)【T4】 7【T4】 8C.【T5】 9 of your attention vary to different degrees【T5】 10 high level: long periods of attending: short distraction periods low level: short periods of attending: long distraction periods moderate level:【T6】 11【T6】 12e.g. One can
33、t concentrate because【T7】 13 are too strong【T7】 14II. Two sorts of distractorsA. Psychological distractors【T8】 15 are the most powerful distractors【T8】 16a)angry man forgets the painb)fearful man is hard to be happyc)anxious man is uneasy about the smallest of matters people act【T9】 17 under pressur
34、e【T9】 18B.【T10】 19【T10】 20 traits: always present and rarely understood physical distractors on mental tasksa)background music could affectcomprehension and【T11】 21【T11】 22b)distractors affect the ability to recall accuratelyc)【T12】 23 affects mental task adversely【T12】 24III. Routine and【T13】 25 ar
35、e affected differently by distractors【T13】 26A. Distraction may not affect【T14】 27in some backgrounds【T14】 28B. Exceptional people do well under【T15】 29 because【T15】 30 motivation plays importantly differences exist in individual spans of attention(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:variesfl
36、uctuates)解析:解析:整篇讲座的主题是如何控制注意力。首先提出concentration的定义,接下来讲述第一个要点“你的注意力范围是变化(varies)的”,接着又再次提到“即使付出最大努力,我们注意力的范围还是波动(fluctuates)的”。因此,此空可填入varies或fluctuates。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:illusionmisconception)解析:解析:录音原文提到,“你的注意力可能转移得很快,似乎能立刻注意到几个概念”,但紧接着说这种现象“是错觉(illusion)”。因此,此处应填入illusion或misconc
37、eption。要点提示词but表示转折关系,其后的信息是常考之处,笔记中不可忽视。(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:durationperiod)解析:解析:针对上一题提到的illusion(错觉),本题说的是对注意力的正确认识,录音提到“注意力的焦点转移是在很短时间(duration)内”,结合题目应填入duration或其同义词period。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:relatively infrequent)解析:解析:这里考查的是注意力转移的另一个情况:relatively infrequent。(5).【T5
38、】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Levels)解析:解析:录音提到了attention的三种level,即high level,moderate level,low level。应填入Levels。如果笔记中没有记下,还可以从题目后的分项内容中找到答案,level出现了三次!注意首字母大写。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:mixture of extremes)解析:解析:录音提到,中度的注意力,是两者的结合。由于每个空格最多填入三个单词,故用mixture of extremes。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答
39、案:正确答案:distractors)解析:解析:录音提到:“因为分散我的注意力的干扰物(distractors)太强,我不能专心手头的工作。”由此可知答案为distractors。录音中多次提到distractors一词,多次提及的内容为常考处,笔记时需特别注意。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:emotions)解析:解析:录音提到,科学家证实情绪(emotions)是造成分心的最大因素。由此可知填入emotions。若笔记中没有记录,还可根据题目中的angry,fearful,anxious进行推断,这些词分别表达了各种情绪。(9).【T9】(分数:2.
40、00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:differentlyvariedly)解析:解析:录音原文描述了情绪对注意力的影响后,紧接着提到“对情绪的反应因人而异”,结合空格处前后的文字可以推断答案为differently或variedly。如果没有听清或听懂varies greatly from person to person,也可以从其后的Some personsOthers得知,人们在压力之下会有“不同的(different)”表现。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Physical distractors)解析:解析:填入的词与Psychologi
41、cal distractors并列。结合录音不难发现这里填Physical distractors。(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:retention)解析:解析:录音提到“研究报告表明,在听轻快的音乐时读书的理解力和记忆力(retention)降低了”。题目中已有了comprehension,因此空白处填入retention。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:noise)解析:解析:录音提到,噪音影响思想的产出。缺少的是noise。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:reason
42、ing tasks)解析:解析:录音最后提到了distractors(干扰物)对于routine(日常工作)和reasoning tasks(推理性工作)的影响。题目中已有routine,所以应填入reasoning tasks。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:routine tasks)解析:解析:录音提到,很多的日常工作在干扰的情况下让人可以进行。空格所在句缺少的正是routine tasks。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:adverse conditions)解析:解析:录音原文提到“有些人能在不利条件下(adverse conditions)做得很好”,此处讲的是例外的情况。空白处应填入adverse conditions。若笔记没有记录,依据题目exceptional people do well可推测,这些个别的人或者例外的情况应当是不常见的,即与正常情况相反,结合题目,可推测答案应为adverse conditions。